letter - Hanks Lab
... a categorical encoding, while the graded encoding in the PPC converged to a categorical encoding (Fig. 3d, e). The more categorical encoding found in the FOF suggests that, contrary to current views3,5,7–9, this brain region may not be involved in the graded evidence accumulation process itself, but ...
... a categorical encoding, while the graded encoding in the PPC converged to a categorical encoding (Fig. 3d, e). The more categorical encoding found in the FOF suggests that, contrary to current views3,5,7–9, this brain region may not be involved in the graded evidence accumulation process itself, but ...
Oscillatory phase coupling coordinates
... waveform, individual neurons tend to emit spikes clustered around a preferred phase, such as the peak (phase: 0 rad or 0°) or trough (phase: π rad or 180°) of the waveform (Fig. S1). In addition to this dependence upon absolute LFP phase, spiking also depends on LFP–LFP phase coupling between distal ...
... waveform, individual neurons tend to emit spikes clustered around a preferred phase, such as the peak (phase: 0 rad or 0°) or trough (phase: π rad or 180°) of the waveform (Fig. S1). In addition to this dependence upon absolute LFP phase, spiking also depends on LFP–LFP phase coupling between distal ...
Human Feature Extraction – The Role of the Articulatory Rhythm
... The functionality of a single neuron, i.e. the relation between its input and output, is well modelled by the physical relations based on the flow of ions [30]. Due to the electrical potential within a neuron, generated by the ion flow, a neuron can be set to a ‘state’, where it emits a train of ele ...
... The functionality of a single neuron, i.e. the relation between its input and output, is well modelled by the physical relations based on the flow of ions [30]. Due to the electrical potential within a neuron, generated by the ion flow, a neuron can be set to a ‘state’, where it emits a train of ele ...
Goodwin S.F., Taylor, B.J., Villella, A., Foss, M., Ryner, L. C., Baker, B. S., and Hall, J. C.
... et al. 1996) led to labeling of largely the same neuronal tissues identified in the earlier studies. However, not all regions of the CNS in which the P1 fru promoter is expressed have yet been specifically linked to male courtship behavior. Another fruitless-derived probe, designed to detect fru tra ...
... et al. 1996) led to labeling of largely the same neuronal tissues identified in the earlier studies. However, not all regions of the CNS in which the P1 fru promoter is expressed have yet been specifically linked to male courtship behavior. Another fruitless-derived probe, designed to detect fru tra ...
Receptores Monoaminérgicos en Corteza Prefrontal: Mecanismo de Acción de Fármacos Antipsicóticos
... antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) on PFC function to understand the cellular and network elements involved in its schizomimeitc actions. PCP induces a marked disruption of the activity of the PFC in the rat, increasing and decreasing the activity of 45% and 33% of the pyramidal neurons recorded, respec ...
... antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) on PFC function to understand the cellular and network elements involved in its schizomimeitc actions. PCP induces a marked disruption of the activity of the PFC in the rat, increasing and decreasing the activity of 45% and 33% of the pyramidal neurons recorded, respec ...
Delineation of motoneuron subgroups supplying
... monkey, CEN is considered as the SR and IO motoneurons, DL and VEN as the B- and Agroup of MR motoneurons, respectively, and DM as IR motoneurons. A good correlation between monkey and man is seen for the CR input, which labels only motoneurons of eye muscles participating in upgaze (SR, IO and LP). ...
... monkey, CEN is considered as the SR and IO motoneurons, DL and VEN as the B- and Agroup of MR motoneurons, respectively, and DM as IR motoneurons. A good correlation between monkey and man is seen for the CR input, which labels only motoneurons of eye muscles participating in upgaze (SR, IO and LP). ...
Sleep and Biological Rhythms
... Dorsal path: RF--> to medial thalamus --> cortex Ventral path: RF --> to lateral hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and the ...
... Dorsal path: RF--> to medial thalamus --> cortex Ventral path: RF --> to lateral hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and the ...
Reward Systems in the Brain and Nutrition
... posterolateral thalamic nucleus, pars parvocellularis; VPMpc, ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus (the thalamic nucleus for taste). “Gate” refers to the finding that inputs, such as the taste, smell, and sight of food, in some brain regions produce effects only when hunger is present (114). ...
... posterolateral thalamic nucleus, pars parvocellularis; VPMpc, ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus (the thalamic nucleus for taste). “Gate” refers to the finding that inputs, such as the taste, smell, and sight of food, in some brain regions produce effects only when hunger is present (114). ...
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... The experiment was repeated using a higher concentration of NGF (mean score, 4-0). The final result, also given in Table 4, is similar but not identical to that given by the first experiment. Experiment on the pretreatment of sympathetic ganglia in vitro In this experiment the concentration of NGF w ...
... The experiment was repeated using a higher concentration of NGF (mean score, 4-0). The final result, also given in Table 4, is similar but not identical to that given by the first experiment. Experiment on the pretreatment of sympathetic ganglia in vitro In this experiment the concentration of NGF w ...
The dynamics of visual responses in the primary visual cortex
... causes significant sharpening of orientation selectivity of V1 neurons compared to their feedforward LGN input. The mechanism of sharpening of orientation tuning is, as in the Troyer et al. (1998) model, broadly tuned inhibition. The big difference between this model and that of Troyer et al. (1998) ...
... causes significant sharpening of orientation selectivity of V1 neurons compared to their feedforward LGN input. The mechanism of sharpening of orientation tuning is, as in the Troyer et al. (1998) model, broadly tuned inhibition. The big difference between this model and that of Troyer et al. (1998) ...
Pathfinding by cranial nerve VII (facial) motorneurons
... Their trajectories are not identical even on two sides of the same embryo (see Fig. 2D). Frequently their initial extension is in a caudal orientation, in what is ultimately the "incorrect" direction. However, R5 motorneuron axons remain in R5 and are not observed to cross into R6. The general axona ...
... Their trajectories are not identical even on two sides of the same embryo (see Fig. 2D). Frequently their initial extension is in a caudal orientation, in what is ultimately the "incorrect" direction. However, R5 motorneuron axons remain in R5 and are not observed to cross into R6. The general axona ...
serotonin
... reported in a wide variety of neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and diencephalon. In general, such responses have been attributed to mediation by 5-HT1 receptors. In sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia, a 5-HT1-like receptor has been reported to reduce the calcium component of action potenti ...
... reported in a wide variety of neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and diencephalon. In general, such responses have been attributed to mediation by 5-HT1 receptors. In sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia, a 5-HT1-like receptor has been reported to reduce the calcium component of action potenti ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... was lowered with a micrometer until the latex sheet contacted the fingerpad with a normal force of 0.1 N. The purpose of the Mylar sheet, which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by chan ...
... was lowered with a micrometer until the latex sheet contacted the fingerpad with a normal force of 0.1 N. The purpose of the Mylar sheet, which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by chan ...
Vomeronasal Function - Oxford Academic
... vomeronasal input, and probably to involve dopaminergic inhibition of prolactin release from the pituitary. Implantation failure does not occur on exposure to the impregnating (stud) male because the female somehow recognizes and ignores chemical signals from the stud. A series of experiments sugges ...
... vomeronasal input, and probably to involve dopaminergic inhibition of prolactin release from the pituitary. Implantation failure does not occur on exposure to the impregnating (stud) male because the female somehow recognizes and ignores chemical signals from the stud. A series of experiments sugges ...
4-stretch reflex
... -Excessive tension in the muscle ( by passive over-stretch of tendon or active muscle contraction) >>> cause muscle relaxation -The receptors are Golgi tendon organs (3-25) present in tendons are encapsulated sensory receptor through which muscle tendon fibers pass. About 10 to 15 muscle fibers are ...
... -Excessive tension in the muscle ( by passive over-stretch of tendon or active muscle contraction) >>> cause muscle relaxation -The receptors are Golgi tendon organs (3-25) present in tendons are encapsulated sensory receptor through which muscle tendon fibers pass. About 10 to 15 muscle fibers are ...
A neurocomputational model of the mammalian fear
... CSs and USs that evoke behaviours associated with fear. One well-known (and ethically controversial) fear conditioning experiment was performed by John Watson in 1919 [73]. In his experiment, Watson taught an infant (known as ‘Albert B.’) to fear a white rat. Initially the infant was presented with ...
... CSs and USs that evoke behaviours associated with fear. One well-known (and ethically controversial) fear conditioning experiment was performed by John Watson in 1919 [73]. In his experiment, Watson taught an infant (known as ‘Albert B.’) to fear a white rat. Initially the infant was presented with ...
The neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in
... as filling-in at an artificial scotoma, but I regard this term as being too general and potentially confusing, so here I refer to it as texture filling-in. This type of filling-in does not happen instantaneously; it usually takes several seconds or longer for filling-in to occur. Eye movements break ...
... as filling-in at an artificial scotoma, but I regard this term as being too general and potentially confusing, so here I refer to it as texture filling-in. This type of filling-in does not happen instantaneously; it usually takes several seconds or longer for filling-in to occur. Eye movements break ...
gross_neuroanatomy-1
... Precuneus is one of the most relevant nodes of the “default mode network” a set of brain regions that exhibit high metabolic consumption and it seems to be associated with conscious processing of stimuli and awareness ...
... Precuneus is one of the most relevant nodes of the “default mode network” a set of brain regions that exhibit high metabolic consumption and it seems to be associated with conscious processing of stimuli and awareness ...
the phase-space dynamics of systems of spiking neurons
... This thesis investigates the dynamics of systems of neurons in the brain. It considers two questions: (1) Are there coherent spatiotemporal structures in the dynamics of neuronal systems that can denote discrete computational states, and (2) If such structures exist, what restrictions do the dynamic ...
... This thesis investigates the dynamics of systems of neurons in the brain. It considers two questions: (1) Are there coherent spatiotemporal structures in the dynamics of neuronal systems that can denote discrete computational states, and (2) If such structures exist, what restrictions do the dynamic ...
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... completing the training paradigm, we tested the cats using three experiments. Experiment 1 was a 100-trial session including 50 ICMS-absent trials and 10 trials each of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µA pulse amplitude. This experiment was designed to test the cats’ performance in ICMS detection at differe ...
... completing the training paradigm, we tested the cats using three experiments. Experiment 1 was a 100-trial session including 50 ICMS-absent trials and 10 trials each of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µA pulse amplitude. This experiment was designed to test the cats’ performance in ICMS detection at differe ...
Neuroanatomical correlates of the near response: voluntary
... FIG. 1. (A) Human dioptric focusing system and efferent pathways from the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to the ciliary muscle. The major innervation to the ciliary muscle is parasympathetic and follows the pathway shown by the thick solid lines. The parasympathetic pathway originates in the Edinger ...
... FIG. 1. (A) Human dioptric focusing system and efferent pathways from the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to the ciliary muscle. The major innervation to the ciliary muscle is parasympathetic and follows the pathway shown by the thick solid lines. The parasympathetic pathway originates in the Edinger ...
What Keeps Us Awake: the Neuropharmacology of Stimulants and
... 2). Interestingly, hypocretins also have a strong and direct excitatory effect on the cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain that contribute to cortical arousal, but they have no effect on GABA sleep-promoting neurons within the ventrolateral preoptic area.44 Furthermore, the arousal effect of t ...
... 2). Interestingly, hypocretins also have a strong and direct excitatory effect on the cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain that contribute to cortical arousal, but they have no effect on GABA sleep-promoting neurons within the ventrolateral preoptic area.44 Furthermore, the arousal effect of t ...