From the Eye to the Brain: Development of the Drosophila
... and Borst (2013), Raghu, Joesch, Sigrist, Borst, and Reiff (2009), and Varija Raghu, Reiff, and Borst (2011). They can be subdivided into subcategories based on their projections patterns (Fig. 1D): Interneurons that project over a large visual field, across many columns, are called tangential (Dm a ...
... and Borst (2013), Raghu, Joesch, Sigrist, Borst, and Reiff (2009), and Varija Raghu, Reiff, and Borst (2011). They can be subdivided into subcategories based on their projections patterns (Fig. 1D): Interneurons that project over a large visual field, across many columns, are called tangential (Dm a ...
A Temporal Continuity to the Vertical
... linking of cells within them by gap junctions suggests that these structures may be aggregations of cell columns coordinating activity in larger modular units (Weissman and others 2004). ...
... linking of cells within them by gap junctions suggests that these structures may be aggregations of cell columns coordinating activity in larger modular units (Weissman and others 2004). ...
PDF - Department of Molecular Biology
... Although the SH3 domain was not required for rescuing activity (Fig. 1), it remained possible that UNC-57 primarily functions as a scaffold molecule recruiting other endocytic proteins. We did several experiments to further test the scaffolding model. Consistent with prior studies (Schuske et al., 2 ...
... Although the SH3 domain was not required for rescuing activity (Fig. 1), it remained possible that UNC-57 primarily functions as a scaffold molecule recruiting other endocytic proteins. We did several experiments to further test the scaffolding model. Consistent with prior studies (Schuske et al., 2 ...
Synapse Jeopardy
... • Split the group into two teams that will be presented with a table similar to: ...
... • Split the group into two teams that will be presented with a table similar to: ...
Anti-Apoptotic Proteins in Nerve Cell Survival and
... subset of cell death in C. Elegans since mutations in these genes block the death of certain neural cells (Ellis and Horvitz, 1991a). However, mutations in ces-1 and ces-2 do not affect cell death in all cell types indicating that several parallel mechanisms control the decision making step of apopt ...
... subset of cell death in C. Elegans since mutations in these genes block the death of certain neural cells (Ellis and Horvitz, 1991a). However, mutations in ces-1 and ces-2 do not affect cell death in all cell types indicating that several parallel mechanisms control the decision making step of apopt ...
Coding in the Granular Layer of the Cerebellum
... those found in the neocortex (Leergaard and Bjaalie, 1998; Leergaard et al., 2000a), the overall mapping of the cortex onto the PN is primarily continuous, and not fractured. An example is shown in Figure 4B. With the use of anterograde axonal tracing, a sequence of electrophysiologically defined co ...
... those found in the neocortex (Leergaard and Bjaalie, 1998; Leergaard et al., 2000a), the overall mapping of the cortex onto the PN is primarily continuous, and not fractured. An example is shown in Figure 4B. With the use of anterograde axonal tracing, a sequence of electrophysiologically defined co ...
Zebrafish and motor control over the last decade
... descending excitatory neurons, many of which are rhythmically active during swimming and probably help to drive motor output at higher swimming speeds (Kimura et al., 2006). We might predict that Chx-10 positive excitatory neurons in mammals play similar roles in driving motor output and that they w ...
... descending excitatory neurons, many of which are rhythmically active during swimming and probably help to drive motor output at higher swimming speeds (Kimura et al., 2006). We might predict that Chx-10 positive excitatory neurons in mammals play similar roles in driving motor output and that they w ...
5. the architecture of the visual cortex
... The cerebral cortex, which almost entirely covers the cerebral hemispheres, has the general form of a plate whose thickness is about 2 millimeters and whose surface area in humans is over i square foot. The total area of the macaque monkey's cortex is much less, ...
... The cerebral cortex, which almost entirely covers the cerebral hemispheres, has the general form of a plate whose thickness is about 2 millimeters and whose surface area in humans is over i square foot. The total area of the macaque monkey's cortex is much less, ...
introduction - HAL
... expression of the late neuronal markers that in turn, is associated with an increase in the ratio between ...
... expression of the late neuronal markers that in turn, is associated with an increase in the ratio between ...
Rebuilding Brain Circuitry with Living Micro
... interior extracellular matrix (ECM) core optimized to support neuronal survival and neurite extension. Whereas prior studies have transplanted fetal grafts, single cell suspensions, or cells in three-dimensional (3-D) matrices, our method is considerably different in that it involves generating the ...
... interior extracellular matrix (ECM) core optimized to support neuronal survival and neurite extension. Whereas prior studies have transplanted fetal grafts, single cell suspensions, or cells in three-dimensional (3-D) matrices, our method is considerably different in that it involves generating the ...
Gee JNeuro 2012 - Stanford University
... gensat.org), Drd2::EGFP (www.gensat.org), and Drd2::Cre (line ER44; www.gensat.org). We secured the slice by placing a harp along the midline between the two hemispheres. Intracellular recording. We obtained somatic whole-cell patch recordings from visually identified pyramidal cells in layer V of i ...
... gensat.org), Drd2::EGFP (www.gensat.org), and Drd2::Cre (line ER44; www.gensat.org). We secured the slice by placing a harp along the midline between the two hemispheres. Intracellular recording. We obtained somatic whole-cell patch recordings from visually identified pyramidal cells in layer V of i ...
Number, size and distribution of ganglion neurons in urinary bladder
... Although there is some variation in the intensity of staining among the nerve cells, there is no evidence that any significant number of intramural neurons remained undetected. The cells which stained intensely were undoubtedly neurons owing to their typical morphology. Furthermore, the results of t ...
... Although there is some variation in the intensity of staining among the nerve cells, there is no evidence that any significant number of intramural neurons remained undetected. The cells which stained intensely were undoubtedly neurons owing to their typical morphology. Furthermore, the results of t ...
Grid Cell Firing May Arise From Interference of Theta Frequency
... mechanism involves the interaction of intrinsic subthreshold oscillations within a single neuron. Prominent subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (mpo) have been shown in stellate cells in Layer II of entorhinal cortex (Alonso and Llinas, 1989; Alonso and Klink, 1993; Dickson et al., 2000). T ...
... mechanism involves the interaction of intrinsic subthreshold oscillations within a single neuron. Prominent subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (mpo) have been shown in stellate cells in Layer II of entorhinal cortex (Alonso and Llinas, 1989; Alonso and Klink, 1993; Dickson et al., 2000). T ...
Taste, Smell, and Touch: Lecture Notes
... o Taste is a gate-keeper sensory mechanism designed to test food and other substances before they enter the body. o Things that are potentially useful for the body tend to taste good, and things that are potentially harmful taste bad. Anatomy of Taste o The tongue contains many ridges and valleys ca ...
... o Taste is a gate-keeper sensory mechanism designed to test food and other substances before they enter the body. o Things that are potentially useful for the body tend to taste good, and things that are potentially harmful taste bad. Anatomy of Taste o The tongue contains many ridges and valleys ca ...
Physiology with elements of clinical physiology
... 17. Heart muscle contraction. The regulation of heart muscle contractility. 18. The phenomenon of electrical, mechanical and acoustic work-related myocardial infarction. 19. Cardiovascular regulation. The mechanisms regulating blood pressure. 20. The importance of renin- angiotensin- aldosterone axi ...
... 17. Heart muscle contraction. The regulation of heart muscle contractility. 18. The phenomenon of electrical, mechanical and acoustic work-related myocardial infarction. 19. Cardiovascular regulation. The mechanisms regulating blood pressure. 20. The importance of renin- angiotensin- aldosterone axi ...
Physiology with elements of clinical physiology Physiology with
... 17. Heart muscle contraction. The regulation of heart muscle contractility. 18. The phenomenon of electrical, mechanical and acoustic work-related myocardial infarction. 19. Cardiovascular regulation. The mechanisms regulating blood pressure. 20. The importance of renin- angiotensin- aldosterone axi ...
... 17. Heart muscle contraction. The regulation of heart muscle contractility. 18. The phenomenon of electrical, mechanical and acoustic work-related myocardial infarction. 19. Cardiovascular regulation. The mechanisms regulating blood pressure. 20. The importance of renin- angiotensin- aldosterone axi ...
multispectral labeling technique to map many neighboring axonal
... projections among individual members of a single class of neurons. In a thin rodent muscle, the arbors of many overlapping neurons can be reconstructed by creating a high-resolution confocal montage of the entire set of arbors of all the axons and then reconstructing each6. But this approach does no ...
... projections among individual members of a single class of neurons. In a thin rodent muscle, the arbors of many overlapping neurons can be reconstructed by creating a high-resolution confocal montage of the entire set of arbors of all the axons and then reconstructing each6. But this approach does no ...
Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (March 20, 2003). 10.1152/jn
... Orszag 1978; Rinzel and Ermentrout 1989), a successful and fundamental technique in the study of dynamical systems. Processes that operate in the 100 –1000 ms range are modeled as accurately as possible. Processes that activate on a much shorter time scale are assumed to have instantaneously achieve ...
... Orszag 1978; Rinzel and Ermentrout 1989), a successful and fundamental technique in the study of dynamical systems. Processes that operate in the 100 –1000 ms range are modeled as accurately as possible. Processes that activate on a much shorter time scale are assumed to have instantaneously achieve ...
Weber et al. - 2000
... Experimental Glaucoma and Cell Size, Density, and Number in the Primate Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Arthur J. Weber,1 Hao Chen,1 William C. Hubbard,2 and Paul L. Kaufman2 PURPOSE. To examine the effects that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a glaucoma risk factor, has on the size, density, and nu ...
... Experimental Glaucoma and Cell Size, Density, and Number in the Primate Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Arthur J. Weber,1 Hao Chen,1 William C. Hubbard,2 and Paul L. Kaufman2 PURPOSE. To examine the effects that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a glaucoma risk factor, has on the size, density, and nu ...
Hippocampus, hippocampal sclerosis and epilepsy
... neurotransmitter action on ionotropic receptors is hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane and the release of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP), and excitatory neurotransmitter - its depolarization and release of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). The ability to generate action pote ...
... neurotransmitter action on ionotropic receptors is hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane and the release of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP), and excitatory neurotransmitter - its depolarization and release of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). The ability to generate action pote ...
Barnes TD, Kubota Y, Hu D, Jin DZ, Graybiel AM. Activity of striatal
... observe, significant changes in the variability of firing rates within peri-event or phasic-response windows across learning. However, we found major changes in the entropy (Fig. 2e) and in the variance (Supplementary Fig. 6) of spiking activity across the entire maze runs. Changes in spike distribu ...
... observe, significant changes in the variability of firing rates within peri-event or phasic-response windows across learning. However, we found major changes in the entropy (Fig. 2e) and in the variance (Supplementary Fig. 6) of spiking activity across the entire maze runs. Changes in spike distribu ...
PDF
... cochlear nucleus. The Golgi cell body is identified by its dark appearance due to a high concentration of ribosomal rosettes (Fig. 4; Mugnaini et al., 1980a; Weedman et al., 1996); however, dendritic and axonal features are unknown, but they have been speculated upon by analogy to the cerebellar cor ...
... cochlear nucleus. The Golgi cell body is identified by its dark appearance due to a high concentration of ribosomal rosettes (Fig. 4; Mugnaini et al., 1980a; Weedman et al., 1996); however, dendritic and axonal features are unknown, but they have been speculated upon by analogy to the cerebellar cor ...
Lin J, 2013 - Tsien lab Website - University of California San Diego
... with red light through intact skull. Precise vibrissa movements were evoked by expressing ReaChR in the facial motor nucleus in the brainstem and illumination with red light through the external auditory canal. Thus, ReaChR enables transcranial optical activation of neurons in deep brain structures ...
... with red light through intact skull. Precise vibrissa movements were evoked by expressing ReaChR in the facial motor nucleus in the brainstem and illumination with red light through the external auditory canal. Thus, ReaChR enables transcranial optical activation of neurons in deep brain structures ...
Reward-Dependent Spatial Selectivity of Anticipatory Activity in
... Before the single-unit recording experiment, we obtained MR images (AIRIS, 0.3 T; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) such that they were perpendicular to the recording chamber. We then determined the recording sites in the CD based on the chamber-based coordinates (Kawagoe et al. 1998). The recording sites were ...
... Before the single-unit recording experiment, we obtained MR images (AIRIS, 0.3 T; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) such that they were perpendicular to the recording chamber. We then determined the recording sites in the CD based on the chamber-based coordinates (Kawagoe et al. 1998). The recording sites were ...
Post-Operative Time Effects after Sciatic Nerve Crush on the
... numerical density of alpha motoneurons. The present results, are based on using method which provides absolute estimates of cell number rather than ratios [15, 19, 20]. This method has been rapidly gaining acceptance, because not only it is the most efficient quantification method, but also unbiased ...
... numerical density of alpha motoneurons. The present results, are based on using method which provides absolute estimates of cell number rather than ratios [15, 19, 20]. This method has been rapidly gaining acceptance, because not only it is the most efficient quantification method, but also unbiased ...
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Greek ἥλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"" [see the etymology of ""electron""]; φύσις, physis, ""nature, origin""; and -λογία, -logia) is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change or electric current on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart. In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and particularly action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings.