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Physiology with elements of clinical physiology
Physiology with elements of clinical physiology course is designed to provide students with
understanding of physiological mechanisms of human body functions, at the cellular and organ level
as well as integrative functioning of the human body. Course content will include neural and
hormonal homeostatic control mechanisms, study of the musculoskeletal, circulatory, respiratory,
digestive, urinary, reproductive, endocrine organ systems and the physiology of blood, kidney,
principles of acid- base balance and metabolism. Principles of exercise physiology will be emphasized
throughout the course.
Teachers:
1.
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Prof. dr hab. Małgorzata Tafil-Klawe
dr hab. Dariusz Soszyński, prof. UMK
dr Piotr Złomańczuk
dr Katarzyna Dmitruk
dr Wieńczysława Adamczyk
dr Daria Pracka
dr Tadeusz Pracki
dr Blanka Milczarek
mgr Małgorzata Gałązka
Contact: [email protected], [email protected]
Syllabus
I.
Department of Physiology
II.
Faculty of Medicine, English Division, II year
III.
Course coordinator: prof. dr hab. Małgorzata Tafil-Klawe
IV.
The number and format of lecture and classes:
winter semester: lectures- 40 hours, classes- 40 hours
summer semester: lectures- 40 hours, classes- 40 hours
V.
Assessment criteria: exam
VI.
ECTS points:14
VII.
Course aims:
Physiology with elements of clinical physiology course is designed to provide students with
understanding of physiological mechanisms of human body functions, at the cellular and organ
level as well as integrative functioning of the human body. Course content will include neural
and hormonal homeostatic control mechanisms, study of the musculoskeletal, circulatory,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, endocrine organ systems and the physiology of
blood, kidney, principles of acid- base balance and metabolism. Principles of exercise physiology
will be emphasized throughout the course.
VIII.
Lecture topics:
1. Cell signaling pathways.
2. Communication within nervous system.
3. Mechanism of striatal muscle contraction.
4. Mechanism of smooth muscle contraction.
5. The importance of autonomic nervous system in homeostasis.
6. The physiology of movement balance system.
7. Sleep physiology and EEG.
8. Circadian rhythms.
9. Thermoregulation.
10. The pathogenesis and the importance of fever.
11. The molecular mechanism of hormones action.
12. The regulation of hormone secretion. The importance of hypothalamus- pituitary axis.
13. Reproductive physiology.
14. Hormonal imbalance.
15. Primary and secondary haemostasis. Haemostasis system balance and imbalance.
16. The electrical activity of the heart.
17. Heart muscle contraction. The regulation of heart muscle contractility.
18. The phenomenon of electrical, mechanical and acoustic work-related myocardial infarction.
19. Cardiovascular regulation. The mechanisms regulating blood pressure.
20. The importance of renin- angiotensin- aldosterone axis in the regulation of the cardiovascular
system function.
21. The peripheral vascular system and lymphatics.
22. The autoregulatory mechanisms in kidneys.
23. The control of breathing. Neural and chemical the control of breathing
24. Adaptation mechanisms: the influence of high mountain environment on human body.
25. The control and interaction of the respiratory and cardiovascular system.
26. The regulation of the digestive system functions.
27. Liver physiology.
28. Vitamins. Proper nutrition.
29. Evolutionary aspects of physiological processes.
30. Psychoneuroimmunology- is it better to be an optimist or pessimist.
IX.
Classes topics:
1. Cell signaling pathways in nervous system.
2. Types of ion channels and their mechanism of action.
3. Resting membrane potential in nervous cell.
4. Action potential in nervous cell.
5. The physiology of the skeletal and smooth muscle contraction.
6. The physiology of the smooth muscle contraction.
7. The physiology of senses. Sensation and perception (vision, hearing).
8. The physiology of senses. Sensation and perception (taste, smell, touch).
9. Higher functions of the nervous system.
10. Movement and posture control.
11. Reflex action of the central nervous system.
12. Hormonal regulation of glucose level.
13. Thyroid hormones and their impact on metabolism.
14. Blood physiology.
15. Electrical phenomenon of the heart. The regulation mechanisms of the heart. Receptors
16. ECG- examination procedure, results interpretation, determining the electrical axis of the
heart.
17. The acoustic phenomenon of the heart .
18. Peripheral circulation and blood pressure.
19. ECG during physical exercise.
20. The effect of physical exercise on the cardiovascular system. Effort tests.
21. The physiology of respiratory system.
22. Spirometry- recording and results interpretation.
23. Nervous and chemical regulation of breathing.
24. Water- electrolyte balance.
25. The renal system physiology.
26. Renal autoregulation.
27. The external secretion of the digestive system.
28. Motility of the gastrointestinal tract.
29. Acid-base balance.
30. Metabolism. The energy balance of the body.
X.
The scope of the material for self-development:
1. Membrane channels and their functions.
2. Practical application of membrane channels.
3. News in the world of hormones.
4. Adaptive mechanisms of the human body.
5. Circadian rhythms, elements of chronomedicine and chronobiology.
6. Invasive and noninvasive diagnosis of the circulatory system.
7. Respiratory diagnostic methods.
XI.
Learning outcomes:
After completion the course, student:
1. explains the mechanisms of the human body function,
2. understands integration processes and interactions between different systems,
3. performs basic ECG examinations its interpretation,
4. performs effort test, lists and explains the indications and contraindications to effort tests.
5. is able to plan physical training and choose the appropriate physical activity to age, health
conditions and lifestyle to improve overall physical fitness .
XII.
Required textbooks:
1. Rhoades RA, Bell DR, Medical Physiology, Principles for Clinical Medicine, 4th edition, Wolters
Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013
2. Boron WF, Boulpaep EL, Medical Physiology, 2nd edition, Elsevier Saunders, 2012;
3. Guyton AC, Hall JE, The Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th edition, Elsevier Saunders, 2006;
4. Purves D. et. al., Neuroscience, 3rd edition, Sinauer, 2004
XIII.
Detailed list of practical skills and acquired skills confirmation:
Year: …………….., group:…………..
Academic year:………......
Date
Confirmation by an Acknowledge
authorized person
Type of practical skill
Explains the mechanisms of human body
functions .
Understands the integration and
interactions between human body
systems .
Performs basic ECG examination, mean
arterial pressure, pulse and saturation
measurement and their interpretation.
Interprets basic blood and urine
laboratory tests.
Performs EEG examination and interprets
its results
Performs the analysis of nervous system
function by means of basic
psychophysiological tests.
Interprets ion channels state depending
on cell membrane characteristics
Is able to project experimental protocol.
Is able to critical interpretation of
experimental results.
Rules and regulations
2013/2014 Student Code of Conduct Department of Physiology CM NCU
Head of Department: Prof. dr. hab. med. Małgorzata Tafil-Klawe
Subject: Physiology with elements of clinical physiology
Faculty of Medicine
1. Physiology course consists of lectures and laboratories/seminars.
2. Both lecture and laboratory/seminar attendance is mandatory.
3. A formal excuse (see NCU policy) is required for each absence. The written excuse has to be
delivered to the TA as soon as possible after the absentee return.
4. All absentees are required to obtain the credit for unattended classes. The time and terms of
credit acquisition are determined by a respective TA.
5. Each student attending laboratory/seminar has to fulfill the following entry requirements:
a. arrive to the place of class meeting on time;
b. dress according to the safety code requirements;
c. be aware of the safety code requirements;
d. fulfill the knowledge requirements for the current class.
6. During a class student may be asked to leave the room and acquire the credit for the class in the
alternative time in the following circumstances:
a. student does not fulfill requirements described in pt. 5;
b. student behavior interferes with work of other student and/or TA’s work;
c. student is not actively participating in the current lab/seminar;
d. student does not follow the safety code guidelines.
7.
The terms of lab/seminar credit acquisition as well as the lab report delivery date are presented
by the TA at the beginning of each subject block.
8.
Student is allowed to take mid-term tests only after acquiring credits for all labs/seminars in a
respective subject block.
9.
Mid-term tests are administered at the end of each subject block. The detailed timing of the test
is decided and announced by a respective TA.
10. The subject matter covered by a given mid-term test includes:
a. knowledge presented during labs/seminars;
b. relevant knowledge presented during lectures;
c. information contained in the written/electronic resources indicated by a TA.
11. Labs/seminars are scored by graded or pass/fail systems.
12. In order to pass the mid-term test student must obtain 60% of maximal score.
13. Student may retake a mid-term test twice.
14. The lack of formal excuse for an absence during a test eliminates student’s right to take the test.
15. The justified absence during a test does not alter the student’s eligibility to take a test.
16. In order to pass the Physiology Course in a given semester all lab/seminar credits have to be
acquired and all tests have to be passed.
17. A failure to meet the requirements described in pt. 14 results in necessity to verify student’s
knowledge by the departmental commission.
18. Members of the departmental commission are nominated by the Head of Physiology
Department.
19. The final exam is one choice test consisting of 100 questions.
20. The time of the final exam is determined and announced by the Head of Physiology Department.
21. The grade from the final exam is determined according to the table shown below:
% of points 0-50% 51- 60% 61- 70% 71- 80% 81- 90% 91- 100%
grade
2.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
22. In response to student written request the Head of Physiology Department may transfer the
grade from other physiology course .
23. Students are expected to maintain up to date knowledge about all the current ordinances and
information from electronic and paper information systems.
24. The Head of Physiology Department adjudges all other issues not covered by the code of
conduct.
The Department of Physiology Student Code of Conduct is based on § 24 of NCU Code of Conduct.