Targeting Axonal Protein Synthesis in Neuroregeneration and Degeneration REVIEW Jimena Baleriola
... reviews have been published covering the multifaceted role of local translation in injured axons [37–39]; here, we will focus on the question whether manipulation of the local translatome in injured axons might be of therapeutic value. The requirement for protein synthesis and degradation is strikin ...
... reviews have been published covering the multifaceted role of local translation in injured axons [37–39]; here, we will focus on the question whether manipulation of the local translatome in injured axons might be of therapeutic value. The requirement for protein synthesis and degradation is strikin ...
Impact of thousand-and-one amino acid 2 kinase
... An understanding of how neurons develop their morphology and their distinct physiology is the key to the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying sophisticated cognitive functions in normal and disease conditions. Evidence suggests that neurodevelopmental disorders with delayed onset, such as autism ...
... An understanding of how neurons develop their morphology and their distinct physiology is the key to the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying sophisticated cognitive functions in normal and disease conditions. Evidence suggests that neurodevelopmental disorders with delayed onset, such as autism ...
Sympathetic nervous system
... stranger taps you on the shoulder unexpectedly), your body reacts. ...
... stranger taps you on the shoulder unexpectedly), your body reacts. ...
WHAT IS THE MAMMALIAN DENTATE GYRUS GOOD FOR? Alessandro Treves
... performing expansion recoding (Marr, 1969). In the cerebellum, however, the granule cells are postsynaptic to the axons that are called (there) mossy fibers, and the huge cerebellar expansion factor from mossy fibers to granule cells is not observed in the hippocampus, where the striking element, in ...
... performing expansion recoding (Marr, 1969). In the cerebellum, however, the granule cells are postsynaptic to the axons that are called (there) mossy fibers, and the huge cerebellar expansion factor from mossy fibers to granule cells is not observed in the hippocampus, where the striking element, in ...
Encoding of Movement Fragments in the Motor Cortex
... Example of a single successful behavioral trial in the RTP task starting with the blue target, proceeding through the green targets, and ending at the red target. A sample trajectory (400 ms long) is also shown (blue and red lines), which was used to compute the preferred direction shifts as a funct ...
... Example of a single successful behavioral trial in the RTP task starting with the blue target, proceeding through the green targets, and ending at the red target. A sample trajectory (400 ms long) is also shown (blue and red lines), which was used to compute the preferred direction shifts as a funct ...
A Simple Biophysically Plausible Model for Long Time
... or in the absence of calcium, persistent firing did not occur (Egorov et al., 2002; Tahvildari et al., 2008; Yoshida and Hasselmo, 2009; Zhang et al., 2011; Navaroli et al., 2011). Moreover, activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which leads to CAN current activation, has been shown as ne ...
... or in the absence of calcium, persistent firing did not occur (Egorov et al., 2002; Tahvildari et al., 2008; Yoshida and Hasselmo, 2009; Zhang et al., 2011; Navaroli et al., 2011). Moreover, activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which leads to CAN current activation, has been shown as ne ...
Functional architecture in monkey inferotemporal cortex revealed by
... The presentation of a visual stimulus evoked a few dark spots superposed onto the global darkening, distributed in the imaged TE region. To extract such localized spots, a cocktail reference image, averaged over the images obtained for all the different stimuli (excluding the images obtained without ...
... The presentation of a visual stimulus evoked a few dark spots superposed onto the global darkening, distributed in the imaged TE region. To extract such localized spots, a cocktail reference image, averaged over the images obtained for all the different stimuli (excluding the images obtained without ...
Table of Contents - The Mind Project
... In addition to role-playing and being able to collect data to interpret, this virtual lab, allows students to see how the research process works, on a bigger, grander scale. Students learn that there is a cellular phenomenon that scientists do not understand. Data show that Parkinson’s patients have ...
... In addition to role-playing and being able to collect data to interpret, this virtual lab, allows students to see how the research process works, on a bigger, grander scale. Students learn that there is a cellular phenomenon that scientists do not understand. Data show that Parkinson’s patients have ...
1 Understanding Neurotransmission and the Disease of Addiction (2
... processes usually branch out somewhat like tree branches and serve as the main apparatus for receiving input into the neuron from other nerve cells. The cell body also gives rise to the axon. Axons can be very long processes; in some cases, they may be up to one meter in length. The axon is the part ...
... processes usually branch out somewhat like tree branches and serve as the main apparatus for receiving input into the neuron from other nerve cells. The cell body also gives rise to the axon. Axons can be very long processes; in some cases, they may be up to one meter in length. The axon is the part ...
Self Assessment Chapter 11 part 2 - CM
... charged sodium ions to flow into cell; membrane potential becomes more positive (Figure 11.14a) • Repolarization – potassium ion channels open; allows positively charged potassium ions to flow out of cell; cell becomes more negative, returning to resting membrane potential • Hyperpolarization – cell ...
... charged sodium ions to flow into cell; membrane potential becomes more positive (Figure 11.14a) • Repolarization – potassium ion channels open; allows positively charged potassium ions to flow out of cell; cell becomes more negative, returning to resting membrane potential • Hyperpolarization – cell ...
REVIEW ARTICLE
... 1999a,b); it is likely that these second messengers are localised both in afferent fibers of the VML and DML and in pyramidal cells (see Fig. 1). A Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK2) β-like subunit is found in ELL pyramidal cells and granular interneurons (Maler and Hincke, 1999). It has been ...
... 1999a,b); it is likely that these second messengers are localised both in afferent fibers of the VML and DML and in pyramidal cells (see Fig. 1). A Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK2) β-like subunit is found in ELL pyramidal cells and granular interneurons (Maler and Hincke, 1999). It has been ...
Selkoe (Nat Cell Biol
... Over time, it has become clear that presenilin has many substrates, all of which have so far been shown to be single-spanning transmembrane proteins that must first undergo α-secretase-mediated shedding of their ectodomains before presenilin−γ-secretase can cleave within the membrane37. It could be ...
... Over time, it has become clear that presenilin has many substrates, all of which have so far been shown to be single-spanning transmembrane proteins that must first undergo α-secretase-mediated shedding of their ectodomains before presenilin−γ-secretase can cleave within the membrane37. It could be ...
A Model of Surround Suppression Through Cortical Feedback
... backed up by evidence matching the scale of facilitation in psychophysics studies to the distribution of lateral connections in V1 (Stettler et al., 2002). There is evidence that another mechanism plays a role in surround suppression: “The suppressive surrounds of V1 neurons are derived in part from ...
... backed up by evidence matching the scale of facilitation in psychophysics studies to the distribution of lateral connections in V1 (Stettler et al., 2002). There is evidence that another mechanism plays a role in surround suppression: “The suppressive surrounds of V1 neurons are derived in part from ...
Tricas 2008
... stingray) and vectors grouped by ampullary cluster. Spherical projection analysis revealed that the buccal and ventral superficial ophthalmic clusters in the sandbar shark, which has a quasi-conical head, approached elevations of ±90°. In comparison, the expanded cephalophoil of hammerhead shark show ...
... stingray) and vectors grouped by ampullary cluster. Spherical projection analysis revealed that the buccal and ventral superficial ophthalmic clusters in the sandbar shark, which has a quasi-conical head, approached elevations of ±90°. In comparison, the expanded cephalophoil of hammerhead shark show ...
Document
... • a compound synthesized from histidine, an amino acid • You are undoubtedly aware that antihistamines, which are used to treat allergies, can cause drowsiness. • They do so by blocking histamine H 1 receptors in the brain. More modern antihistamines cannot cross the blood–brain barrier, so they do ...
... • a compound synthesized from histidine, an amino acid • You are undoubtedly aware that antihistamines, which are used to treat allergies, can cause drowsiness. • They do so by blocking histamine H 1 receptors in the brain. More modern antihistamines cannot cross the blood–brain barrier, so they do ...
Multiple signalling modalities mediated by dendritic exocytosis of
... this seem to be both stimulus-dependent and peptide-specific [16]. For example, a dissociation between dendritic and axon terminal oxytocin release is evident from the effects of alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH). Activation of melanocortin 4 receptors on oxytocin cells by a-MSH mobilizes ...
... this seem to be both stimulus-dependent and peptide-specific [16]. For example, a dissociation between dendritic and axon terminal oxytocin release is evident from the effects of alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH). Activation of melanocortin 4 receptors on oxytocin cells by a-MSH mobilizes ...
Review. Multiple signaling modalities mediated by dendritic
... this seem to be both stimulus-dependent and peptide-specific [16]. For example, a dissociation between dendritic and axon terminal oxytocin release is evident from the effects of alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH). Activation of melanocortin 4 receptors on oxytocin cells by a-MSH mobilizes ...
... this seem to be both stimulus-dependent and peptide-specific [16]. For example, a dissociation between dendritic and axon terminal oxytocin release is evident from the effects of alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH). Activation of melanocortin 4 receptors on oxytocin cells by a-MSH mobilizes ...
NK1 receptor-expressing spinoparabrachial neurons trigger diffuse
... DH, Sp5O neurons are indirectly activated by cutaneous C-fiber input [18,58]. Accordingly, there is evidence for ipsilateral connections between the MDH and the Sp5O, emanating from laminae III–V of the MDH and to a lesser degree from lamina I and external II [14,57,58]. Although interneurons located ...
... DH, Sp5O neurons are indirectly activated by cutaneous C-fiber input [18,58]. Accordingly, there is evidence for ipsilateral connections between the MDH and the Sp5O, emanating from laminae III–V of the MDH and to a lesser degree from lamina I and external II [14,57,58]. Although interneurons located ...
Investigating neural correlates of conscious perception by frequency
... FIG. 1. (Upper Left) High-resolution power-frequency spectra for steady-state evoked potentials recorded over an anterior channel (128) and over a posterior channel (103) during rivalry trials (subject O.S.). Note the sharp peak at 7.41 Hz (f1), the flicker frequency of s1, as well as at 8.33 Hz (f2 ...
... FIG. 1. (Upper Left) High-resolution power-frequency spectra for steady-state evoked potentials recorded over an anterior channel (128) and over a posterior channel (103) during rivalry trials (subject O.S.). Note the sharp peak at 7.41 Hz (f1), the flicker frequency of s1, as well as at 8.33 Hz (f2 ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.