NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY SYSTEMS
... Yk 1 S ( X k ) M ( 5 4 3) new signal state vector at time k+1 equals: ...
... Yk 1 S ( X k ) M ( 5 4 3) new signal state vector at time k+1 equals: ...
whole-cell based fluorescence biosensors for environmental
... in detecting herbicides where cells were entrapped on a quartz microfiber filter and placed in a fivemembrane-home-made-flow cell [29]. After exposure to herbicides (specifically atrazine that inhibits PSII systems), the detection limit of atrazine was found to be 0.25 ug/L [29]. Singh et al., (2004 ...
... in detecting herbicides where cells were entrapped on a quartz microfiber filter and placed in a fivemembrane-home-made-flow cell [29]. After exposure to herbicides (specifically atrazine that inhibits PSII systems), the detection limit of atrazine was found to be 0.25 ug/L [29]. Singh et al., (2004 ...
Understanding Embodied Cognition through Dynamical Systems
... shared assumption across a broad range of subdisciplines concerned with human cognition. The assumption was the we may study human perception, cognition, and motor planning at different levels of abstraction. The most abstract, purely computational level characterizes the nature of the problem solve ...
... shared assumption across a broad range of subdisciplines concerned with human cognition. The assumption was the we may study human perception, cognition, and motor planning at different levels of abstraction. The most abstract, purely computational level characterizes the nature of the problem solve ...
Where do mirror neurons come from?
... for calcium content. Adaptations are specialised for a particular function; they solve a specific problem in an efficient, reliable and precise way. Byproducts can have a range of beneficial effects, but they are not specialised for a particular function. We can ask two questions about any characterist ...
... for calcium content. Adaptations are specialised for a particular function; they solve a specific problem in an efficient, reliable and precise way. Byproducts can have a range of beneficial effects, but they are not specialised for a particular function. We can ask two questions about any characterist ...
NEUROGENESIS IN THE ANTERIOR OLFACTORY NUCLEUS AND
... was designated embryonic day one (El). Normally, births occur on E23, which is also designated as postnatal day zero (P0). The postnatal developmental series had two groups of rat pups, each group containing males from at least two litters. The pups were given four (P0-P3, P2-P5) consecutive daily i ...
... was designated embryonic day one (El). Normally, births occur on E23, which is also designated as postnatal day zero (P0). The postnatal developmental series had two groups of rat pups, each group containing males from at least two litters. The pups were given four (P0-P3, P2-P5) consecutive daily i ...
lmmunohistochemical Localization
... was visible on the membrane surface of individual neurons. Cytoplasmic labeling appeared light (Fig. 4A). In some instances, the staining along the surfaces of neuronal cell bodies and dendrites was periodic or punctate in appearance, as is evident on the nonpyramidal CA 1 neuron in Figure 4B. Howev ...
... was visible on the membrane surface of individual neurons. Cytoplasmic labeling appeared light (Fig. 4A). In some instances, the staining along the surfaces of neuronal cell bodies and dendrites was periodic or punctate in appearance, as is evident on the nonpyramidal CA 1 neuron in Figure 4B. Howev ...
Contextual modulation and stimulus selectivity in extrastriate cortex
... the retina and primary visual cortex has been extensively described in the literature. Here, we describe how similar computations can also elaborate feature selectivity in the extrastriate areas of both the dorsal and ventral streams of the primate visual system. We discuss recent work that makes us ...
... the retina and primary visual cortex has been extensively described in the literature. Here, we describe how similar computations can also elaborate feature selectivity in the extrastriate areas of both the dorsal and ventral streams of the primate visual system. We discuss recent work that makes us ...
REVIEWS - Institute for Applied Psychometrics
... Figure 3 | The pacemaker–accumulator model and dopaminergic and cholinergic synapses. a | Shows an information-processing (IP) model of time perception8 implementing the scalar expectancy theory43. In the model, a dopaminergic pacemaker sends ‘pulses’ to an accumulator during the training period, an ...
... Figure 3 | The pacemaker–accumulator model and dopaminergic and cholinergic synapses. a | Shows an information-processing (IP) model of time perception8 implementing the scalar expectancy theory43. In the model, a dopaminergic pacemaker sends ‘pulses’ to an accumulator during the training period, an ...
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) expression and inhibitory
... It has been noted many times in the past that interneurons synapse onto themselves and onto other interneurons in addition to pyramidal cells (Csillag et al., 1993; Hajós et al., 1988; Hájos et al., 1996) but it has previously remained unclear and difficult to ascertain how this impacts the function ...
... It has been noted many times in the past that interneurons synapse onto themselves and onto other interneurons in addition to pyramidal cells (Csillag et al., 1993; Hajós et al., 1988; Hájos et al., 1996) but it has previously remained unclear and difficult to ascertain how this impacts the function ...
What Fuels Fat - Napa Valley College
... performed on nearly 40,000 study subjects around the world identified a gene called FTO whose variation was linked to obesity. In every country studied, carriers of one version of the FTO gene were on average three kilograms heavier than others in their population and had nearly double the risk for ...
... performed on nearly 40,000 study subjects around the world identified a gene called FTO whose variation was linked to obesity. In every country studied, carriers of one version of the FTO gene were on average three kilograms heavier than others in their population and had nearly double the risk for ...
Article (Author postprint)
... 2001). Therefore the diffuse larval nerve net is already highly regionalized. In addition, some anthozoan planula as Nematostella develop at the anterior/aboral pole a transient sensory organ, named the apical tuft, which senses the signals that will induce settlement of the larva and its subsequent ...
... 2001). Therefore the diffuse larval nerve net is already highly regionalized. In addition, some anthozoan planula as Nematostella develop at the anterior/aboral pole a transient sensory organ, named the apical tuft, which senses the signals that will induce settlement of the larva and its subsequent ...
The bit used for relationship between smell and taste
... The tongue is the strongest muscle in the body. It is responsible for taste perception, and aids in mastication and deglutition. There are about 10, 000 taste buds on most of the tongue and some are scattered on the soft palate, inner surface of cheeks, the pharynx and epiglottis (Marieb, 1998). The ...
... The tongue is the strongest muscle in the body. It is responsible for taste perception, and aids in mastication and deglutition. There are about 10, 000 taste buds on most of the tongue and some are scattered on the soft palate, inner surface of cheeks, the pharynx and epiglottis (Marieb, 1998). The ...
Biology 30 - Alberta Education
... axons of neurons in grey matter axons of neurons in white matter dendrites of neurons in grey matter dendrites of neurons in white matter ...
... axons of neurons in grey matter axons of neurons in white matter dendrites of neurons in grey matter dendrites of neurons in white matter ...
PPT - Altogen Biosystems
... NIH3T3 Transfection Reagent (Swiss Mouse Fibroblasts) Altogen Biosystems offers the NIH3T3 Transfection Reagent among a host of 100+ cell line specific In Vitro Transfection Kits. NIH3T3 Transfection Reagent is an Proprietary cationic lipids formulation, and it is developed to provide high transfect ...
... NIH3T3 Transfection Reagent (Swiss Mouse Fibroblasts) Altogen Biosystems offers the NIH3T3 Transfection Reagent among a host of 100+ cell line specific In Vitro Transfection Kits. NIH3T3 Transfection Reagent is an Proprietary cationic lipids formulation, and it is developed to provide high transfect ...
Glioblastoma - The Brain Tumour Charity
... Identifying these key substances and mechanisms will help to lead to new drugs that are targeted at these elements and lead to more individualised treatment. Much of this research is still in the laboratory. However other research, often on drugs or combinations of drugs, is at the clinical trial st ...
... Identifying these key substances and mechanisms will help to lead to new drugs that are targeted at these elements and lead to more individualised treatment. Much of this research is still in the laboratory. However other research, often on drugs or combinations of drugs, is at the clinical trial st ...
Understanding Neurotransmission and the Disease of Addiction
... more years. Second, individuals may respond differently to drugs due to genetic differences among people. Third, many drug abusers abuse more than one drug. Many individuals who take cocaine, for example, also drink alcohol. The combination of the drugs makes it difficult to determine what the effec ...
... more years. Second, individuals may respond differently to drugs due to genetic differences among people. Third, many drug abusers abuse more than one drug. Many individuals who take cocaine, for example, also drink alcohol. The combination of the drugs makes it difficult to determine what the effec ...
pdf file - Plymouth University
... phenotype, and on their relation, i.e., the genotype-to-phenotype mapping. The fitness of an individual, that affects selective reproduction, is based on the phenotype but what is inherited is the genotype, not the phenotype. Furthermore, while the genotype of an individual is one single entity, the ...
... phenotype, and on their relation, i.e., the genotype-to-phenotype mapping. The fitness of an individual, that affects selective reproduction, is based on the phenotype but what is inherited is the genotype, not the phenotype. Furthermore, while the genotype of an individual is one single entity, the ...
Simulating in vivo-like Synaptic Input Patterns in Multicompartmental
... combined synaptic conductance would generate 3 nA of synaptic current—which is a lot of current. Although this example exaggerates the actual effect of in vivo synaptic conductances by ignoring their spatial distribution, it illustrates the point that for most types of neurons, the total membrane co ...
... combined synaptic conductance would generate 3 nA of synaptic current—which is a lot of current. Although this example exaggerates the actual effect of in vivo synaptic conductances by ignoring their spatial distribution, it illustrates the point that for most types of neurons, the total membrane co ...
PDF
... Altogether, the activity of 84 cells in the CN and seven AN fibers was recorded in 54 IWB preparations. Fortyfour of the 84 recorded CN units were recovered on histological sections and identified as bushy (7), stellate (26), octopus (2), giant (5), pyramidal (3), and vertical (1) cells. The identit ...
... Altogether, the activity of 84 cells in the CN and seven AN fibers was recorded in 54 IWB preparations. Fortyfour of the 84 recorded CN units were recovered on histological sections and identified as bushy (7), stellate (26), octopus (2), giant (5), pyramidal (3), and vertical (1) cells. The identit ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.