lmmunocytochemical Localization of Protein Kinase C lsozymes in
... Distribution of PKC isozymesin the olfactory bulb Previously, immunoblot analysisshowedthat the olfactory bulb hasa higher level of type III PKC per unit cellular protein than those of the other 2 PKCs. In the present immunofluorescent ...
... Distribution of PKC isozymesin the olfactory bulb Previously, immunoblot analysisshowedthat the olfactory bulb hasa higher level of type III PKC per unit cellular protein than those of the other 2 PKCs. In the present immunofluorescent ...
cortical input to the basal forebrain
... *Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, U.S.A. †Department of Pharmacology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ‡University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, U.S.A. §Department of Basic Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee ...
... *Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, U.S.A. †Department of Pharmacology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ‡University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, U.S.A. §Department of Basic Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee ...
Expression of the zebrafish gene hlx
... A wide range of different transcription factors are expressed during development of the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). One important class consists of the homeodomain proteins encoded by genes in the Hox complexes, which probably specify anteroposterior positions of cells in the nervous sy ...
... A wide range of different transcription factors are expressed during development of the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). One important class consists of the homeodomain proteins encoded by genes in the Hox complexes, which probably specify anteroposterior positions of cells in the nervous sy ...
Hypothalamic Circadian Organization in Birds. I. Anatomy
... whether these oscillations are present in the SCN or any other structure. Thus, whether nonmammalian vertebrates do have a SCN and whether this cell group then contains a circadian oscillator can only be answered when anatomical and functional studies are combined, preferably in the same species, an ...
... whether these oscillations are present in the SCN or any other structure. Thus, whether nonmammalian vertebrates do have a SCN and whether this cell group then contains a circadian oscillator can only be answered when anatomical and functional studies are combined, preferably in the same species, an ...
Autometallographic Tracing of Bismuth in Human Brain Autopsies
... mechanism of toxic metals is important from a toxicological point of view in that it represents a pathway of entry into the CNS that circumvents the blood-brain barrier. However, bismuth uptake via vessels is undoubtedly the most important path by which bismuth enters the CNS (13). Just a few weeks ...
... mechanism of toxic metals is important from a toxicological point of view in that it represents a pathway of entry into the CNS that circumvents the blood-brain barrier. However, bismuth uptake via vessels is undoubtedly the most important path by which bismuth enters the CNS (13). Just a few weeks ...
The visual-oculomotor striatum of the cat: functional relationship to
... that functionally distinct sectors of the striatum exhibit different patterns of thalamostriate projections (Mengual et al. 1999). Superimposing the distributions of visual striate-related thalamostriate neurons (left column of Figs. 1 and 2) and ascending tectothalamic axons/terminal (right column ...
... that functionally distinct sectors of the striatum exhibit different patterns of thalamostriate projections (Mengual et al. 1999). Superimposing the distributions of visual striate-related thalamostriate neurons (left column of Figs. 1 and 2) and ascending tectothalamic axons/terminal (right column ...
The peripheral nervous system-
... (David and Aguayo, 1981). However, on re-entering the CNS the regenerating axons are able to form anatomical synapses, albeit at a short distance from the point of entry (Vidal-Sanz et al. 1987). Peripheral nerve grafting experiments have produced a substantial body of evidence to show that, when pr ...
... (David and Aguayo, 1981). However, on re-entering the CNS the regenerating axons are able to form anatomical synapses, albeit at a short distance from the point of entry (Vidal-Sanz et al. 1987). Peripheral nerve grafting experiments have produced a substantial body of evidence to show that, when pr ...
Saccades and multisaccadic gaze shifts are gated by different
... could be set in any direction and the velocity could be varied between 10 and 100 deg·s–1. However, in the experiments reported here we used only four axes (horizontal, vertical, +45 deg and –45 deg) and one speed (60 deg·s–1) of target motion. To evoke tracking eye movements and to evaluate visual ...
... could be set in any direction and the velocity could be varied between 10 and 100 deg·s–1. However, in the experiments reported here we used only four axes (horizontal, vertical, +45 deg and –45 deg) and one speed (60 deg·s–1) of target motion. To evoke tracking eye movements and to evaluate visual ...
Cortical connections of the visuomotor parietooccipital
... action potentials was 1 kHz and that for eye position 100 Hz. Standard visual stimuli (different in form, color, size, orientation, and direction and speed of movement) were used for testing the visual responsiveness of cells in record and for mapping their visual receptive fields. At the end of reco ...
... action potentials was 1 kHz and that for eye position 100 Hz. Standard visual stimuli (different in form, color, size, orientation, and direction and speed of movement) were used for testing the visual responsiveness of cells in record and for mapping their visual receptive fields. At the end of reco ...
Understanding Our Environment - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Excitatory Synapse - Sodium channel through membrane is opened by chemical neurotransmitter. Inhibitory Synapse - Binding with neurotransmitter opens potassium channel and inhibits start of an action potential. Integration - Various excitatory and inhibitory electrical effects cancel or reinforce ...
... Excitatory Synapse - Sodium channel through membrane is opened by chemical neurotransmitter. Inhibitory Synapse - Binding with neurotransmitter opens potassium channel and inhibits start of an action potential. Integration - Various excitatory and inhibitory electrical effects cancel or reinforce ...
Essentials in the neuronal organization of the CNS
... cytoplasm. The perikarya are of various sizes; the neurons can be subdivided based on the diameter of their perikarya into small, medium sized, and large neurons. The surface of the perikaryon may serve as a postsynaptic site (i.e. receiving synapses). The location of the perikaryon determines the p ...
... cytoplasm. The perikarya are of various sizes; the neurons can be subdivided based on the diameter of their perikarya into small, medium sized, and large neurons. The surface of the perikaryon may serve as a postsynaptic site (i.e. receiving synapses). The location of the perikaryon determines the p ...
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Biogenesis: Visualization and Duel
... and Mitchison 2008). In addition, the labeling procedure for EdU does not involve the harsh acid or enzyme digests needed for BrdU epitope recovery, and therefore allows greater flexibility and more comprehensive results by comparing its incorporation with that of other intracellular markers (Cappel ...
... and Mitchison 2008). In addition, the labeling procedure for EdU does not involve the harsh acid or enzyme digests needed for BrdU epitope recovery, and therefore allows greater flexibility and more comprehensive results by comparing its incorporation with that of other intracellular markers (Cappel ...
Receptive Fields of Second-order Neurons in the Olfactory Bulb of
... and had a variable latency. These driven-spike responses were used to determine the receptive fields for individual neurons. The receptive field of a neuron was defined by the electrode position or positions on the lamina propria of the epithelium which, when stimulated, produced spikes on the leadi ...
... and had a variable latency. These driven-spike responses were used to determine the receptive fields for individual neurons. The receptive field of a neuron was defined by the electrode position or positions on the lamina propria of the epithelium which, when stimulated, produced spikes on the leadi ...
Memory, Learning, and Synaptic Plasticity
... corresponding output patterns, Y1, Y2, and Y3. In these input and Left, a highly simplified model is used to illustrate how a synaptic output patterns 1 and 0 represent an action potential or no action matrix can store memory. In this synaptic matrix, axons of five potential, respectively. The integ ...
... corresponding output patterns, Y1, Y2, and Y3. In these input and Left, a highly simplified model is used to illustrate how a synaptic output patterns 1 and 0 represent an action potential or no action matrix can store memory. In this synaptic matrix, axons of five potential, respectively. The integ ...
Nicotine excites hypothalamic arcuate anorexigenic
... by anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, nicotine should excite these cells. Nicotine at concentrations similar to those found in smokers, 100 –1,000 nM, excited POMC cells by mechanisms based on increased spike frequency, depolarization of membrane pot ...
... by anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, nicotine should excite these cells. Nicotine at concentrations similar to those found in smokers, 100 –1,000 nM, excited POMC cells by mechanisms based on increased spike frequency, depolarization of membrane pot ...
Esoteric Role of the Pineal Gland
... regulator of the thought process sometime in 400 BCE - Dr. Crookshak did numerous amounts of research on the endocrine system - His work has made significant contribution in identifying the effects of the endocrine glands on physiology and psychology - In his perspective the corporeal and intellectu ...
... regulator of the thought process sometime in 400 BCE - Dr. Crookshak did numerous amounts of research on the endocrine system - His work has made significant contribution in identifying the effects of the endocrine glands on physiology and psychology - In his perspective the corporeal and intellectu ...
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF ALLOYS, 1930 TO 1940.1 By Ci
... DiMe-SP in the RVLM significantly attenuated the first and second peaks to 27 ⫾ 10% and 1 ⫾ 8% baseline, respectively (n ⫽ 6, P ⬍ 0.001). Bilateral microinjection of [Sar9, Met (O2)11]SP significantly attenuated the first peak to 15 ⫾ 3% baseline (n ⫽ 5, P ⬍ 0.05, Fig. 4, A and C). The second peak o ...
... DiMe-SP in the RVLM significantly attenuated the first and second peaks to 27 ⫾ 10% and 1 ⫾ 8% baseline, respectively (n ⫽ 6, P ⬍ 0.001). Bilateral microinjection of [Sar9, Met (O2)11]SP significantly attenuated the first peak to 15 ⫾ 3% baseline (n ⫽ 5, P ⬍ 0.05, Fig. 4, A and C). The second peak o ...
Pioneers of cortical plasticity: six classic papers by Wiesel and Hubel
... The six papers published in the Journal of Neurophysiology between 1963 and 1965 constitute the seminal contributions of David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel to developmental plasticity in the central nervous system. The work grew out of Stephen Kuffler’s successful effort to bring the two together to wor ...
... The six papers published in the Journal of Neurophysiology between 1963 and 1965 constitute the seminal contributions of David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel to developmental plasticity in the central nervous system. The work grew out of Stephen Kuffler’s successful effort to bring the two together to wor ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.