(pt=4) Label the following diagram with the following terms: ATP
... DNA polymerases, replication origins, chromatid, chromosome, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds. ...
... DNA polymerases, replication origins, chromatid, chromosome, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds. ...
2-A Chemical Compounds of Life Organic Compounds
... A. Contain the element carbon, in chains or rings, and hydrogen. B. Built by combining monomers (single molecules) into polymers (many molecules) ...
... A. Contain the element carbon, in chains or rings, and hydrogen. B. Built by combining monomers (single molecules) into polymers (many molecules) ...
vocab - Cellular Respiration
... The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain The third major stage of cellular respiration ...
... The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain The third major stage of cellular respiration ...
Regulation of Metabolism
... •The hormone that signals storage of glucose is insulin. The enzymes that help regulate glucose storage (i.e. glycogen synthesis) or fat production (if you are really in excess) are in the “on” mode when insulin is present. •The hormones that signal low blood glucose are glucagon, cortisol, and epin ...
... •The hormone that signals storage of glucose is insulin. The enzymes that help regulate glucose storage (i.e. glycogen synthesis) or fat production (if you are really in excess) are in the “on” mode when insulin is present. •The hormones that signal low blood glucose are glucagon, cortisol, and epin ...
Middle-Term Test Paper on Biochemistry
... 21) The protein denaturation doesn’t include that______: A. Hydrogen bonds broken B. Peptide bonds broken C. Hydrophobic bonds broken D. Salt bond ( electrostatic forces ) broken E. Disulfide bonds broken 22) In the small intestine, the activation of chymotrypsinogen or proelastase mainly depends on ...
... 21) The protein denaturation doesn’t include that______: A. Hydrogen bonds broken B. Peptide bonds broken C. Hydrophobic bonds broken D. Salt bond ( electrostatic forces ) broken E. Disulfide bonds broken 22) In the small intestine, the activation of chymotrypsinogen or proelastase mainly depends on ...
Lecture 6
... – Produced and stored in a gland – Secreted into the blood – General and specific effects ...
... – Produced and stored in a gland – Secreted into the blood – General and specific effects ...
Gluconeogenesis • The biosynthesis of glucose
... Glycogen produces glucose that maintains blood sugar levels (fat cannot be converted to _______________, so it cannot maintain blood sugar levels) ...
... Glycogen produces glucose that maintains blood sugar levels (fat cannot be converted to _______________, so it cannot maintain blood sugar levels) ...
Metabolism during Exercise
... Other fuels are utilized to spare muscle glycogen during prolonged exercise thereby delaying exhaustion ...
... Other fuels are utilized to spare muscle glycogen during prolonged exercise thereby delaying exhaustion ...
VOCAB - Cellular Respiration
... The Citric Acid Cycle Also called the Krebs Cycle Takes place within the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells or the cytosol of prokaryotes Second major phase of cellular respiration Back to contents ...
... The Citric Acid Cycle Also called the Krebs Cycle Takes place within the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells or the cytosol of prokaryotes Second major phase of cellular respiration Back to contents ...
External sources of energy → biologically energy : ATP
... Proton motive force powers the synthesis of ATP as protons flow down their concentration and voltage gradients through the ATP synthesis enzyme ...
... Proton motive force powers the synthesis of ATP as protons flow down their concentration and voltage gradients through the ATP synthesis enzyme ...
Second Sample Exam
... A) hypoglycemia between meals B) hyperglycemia after meals C) enlarged liver D) muscle weakness E) decreased glycogen stores 10. Which of the following is not true about gluconeogenesis? A) B) C) D) E) ...
... A) hypoglycemia between meals B) hyperglycemia after meals C) enlarged liver D) muscle weakness E) decreased glycogen stores 10. Which of the following is not true about gluconeogenesis? A) B) C) D) E) ...
Unit 2 Metabolism and Survival Glossary
... Activation energy the minimum energy required by reactants to allow reaction to occur Active site the region of an enzyme molecule where the enzyme acts on the substrate Aestivation dormancy in response to high temperature or drought Anabolic a reaction which requires energy and builds up molecules ...
... Activation energy the minimum energy required by reactants to allow reaction to occur Active site the region of an enzyme molecule where the enzyme acts on the substrate Aestivation dormancy in response to high temperature or drought Anabolic a reaction which requires energy and builds up molecules ...
1 - Medical Mastermind Community
... had not eaten for the last two days, due to a mild infection. Blood glucose and ketone body levels were found to be abnormally low, while circulating non-esterified fatty acids were greatly elevated. An abnormality in which one of the following enzymes is most ...
... had not eaten for the last two days, due to a mild infection. Blood glucose and ketone body levels were found to be abnormally low, while circulating non-esterified fatty acids were greatly elevated. An abnormality in which one of the following enzymes is most ...
Lecture 33 Carbohydrates1
... 3. What are the key enzymes in gluconeogenesis? Pyruvate carboxylase – is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes a carboxylation reaction converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate using a reaction mechanism involving a biotinyl "swinging arm" and ATP hydrolysis. Pyruvate carboxylase is dependent on alloste ...
... 3. What are the key enzymes in gluconeogenesis? Pyruvate carboxylase – is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes a carboxylation reaction converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate using a reaction mechanism involving a biotinyl "swinging arm" and ATP hydrolysis. Pyruvate carboxylase is dependent on alloste ...
Final Key - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... of PFK-1 (phosphofructo kinase 1) and consequently of glycolysis. Xylulose will be converted to F6P and GA3P by the pentose phosphate pathway. Thus, activation of glycolysis by xylulose via PFK-2 will metabolize excess dietary xylulose. ...
... of PFK-1 (phosphofructo kinase 1) and consequently of glycolysis. Xylulose will be converted to F6P and GA3P by the pentose phosphate pathway. Thus, activation of glycolysis by xylulose via PFK-2 will metabolize excess dietary xylulose. ...
Biology-1 Exam Two You can write on this exam. Please put a W at
... 57. The transfer of a phosphate group to another molecule or compound is called phosphorylation. (T/F) 58. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it raises the activation energy so that the reaction proceeds faster. (T/F) 59. In photosynthesis, for every 3 molecule of CO2 that enter the Calvin cycle, ...
... 57. The transfer of a phosphate group to another molecule or compound is called phosphorylation. (T/F) 58. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it raises the activation energy so that the reaction proceeds faster. (T/F) 59. In photosynthesis, for every 3 molecule of CO2 that enter the Calvin cycle, ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... Plants can release more O2 in photosynthesis than they consume in respiration because they do not respire all of the glucose they produce. For example, plants may store glucose as starch or cellulose. ...
... Plants can release more O2 in photosynthesis than they consume in respiration because they do not respire all of the glucose they produce. For example, plants may store glucose as starch or cellulose. ...
Chapter 5 Microbial Nutrition and Culture
... some coenzymes carry energy in the form of electrons in many biochemical reactions • Coenzymes such as FAD carry whole hydrogen atoms (electrons together with protons); NAD carries one hydrogen atom and one “naked” electron • When co-enzymes are reduced, they increase in energy, when they are oxidiz ...
... some coenzymes carry energy in the form of electrons in many biochemical reactions • Coenzymes such as FAD carry whole hydrogen atoms (electrons together with protons); NAD carries one hydrogen atom and one “naked” electron • When co-enzymes are reduced, they increase in energy, when they are oxidiz ...
Cellular Respiration I - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... 3.7.2 State that, in cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into pyruvate, with a small yield of ATP. 3.7.3 Explain that, during anaerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be converted in the cytoplasm into lactate, or ethanol and carbon dioxide, with no further yield ...
... 3.7.2 State that, in cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down by glycolysis into pyruvate, with a small yield of ATP. 3.7.3 Explain that, during anaerobic cell respiration, pyruvate can be converted in the cytoplasm into lactate, or ethanol and carbon dioxide, with no further yield ...
4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration
... The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen. ...
... The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen. ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑