oxidized - Biology Courses Server
... During ATP synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration and glycolysis these forms of energy are converted from one to another Next two lectures ...
... During ATP synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration and glycolysis these forms of energy are converted from one to another Next two lectures ...
Chapter 8 THE ENERGY CONSUMING PROCESS OF RESPIRATION
... and other food molecules from inorganic raw materials. (2) _____________ is partially broken down by the glycolytic pathway; at the end of this process some of its stored energy remains in two (3) _____________ molecules. Some of the energy of glucose is released during the breakdown reactions and u ...
... and other food molecules from inorganic raw materials. (2) _____________ is partially broken down by the glycolytic pathway; at the end of this process some of its stored energy remains in two (3) _____________ molecules. Some of the energy of glucose is released during the breakdown reactions and u ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS & CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... • Because light is a form of energy, any compound that absorbs light also absorbs the energy in that light. • When chlorophyll absorbs light much of the energy is transferred directly to electrons in the chlorophyll molecule, raising the energy available in these electrons. ...
... • Because light is a form of energy, any compound that absorbs light also absorbs the energy in that light. • When chlorophyll absorbs light much of the energy is transferred directly to electrons in the chlorophyll molecule, raising the energy available in these electrons. ...
Fate of glucose:
... The rest of your body’s energy reserves are 78% in body fat and 21% in proteins. Diabetes is a problem with insulin so diabetic’s cells can’t uptake and efficiently use glucose so blood sugar levels stay high. Energy from fats Excess fat is stored in adipose tissue Fat is broken down into glycerol a ...
... The rest of your body’s energy reserves are 78% in body fat and 21% in proteins. Diabetes is a problem with insulin so diabetic’s cells can’t uptake and efficiently use glucose so blood sugar levels stay high. Energy from fats Excess fat is stored in adipose tissue Fat is broken down into glycerol a ...
18 Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA to Krebs Cycle A/P
... 1.) Lactic acid build up is a way to temporarily store a high-energy hydrogen proton and electron in lactic acid by oxidizing NADH NAD+. This allows the use of this “energy source” (lactic acid) at another time. THIS ALSO allows for NAD+ to be used rapidly in glycolysis to provide SOME “instant” ATP ...
... 1.) Lactic acid build up is a way to temporarily store a high-energy hydrogen proton and electron in lactic acid by oxidizing NADH NAD+. This allows the use of this “energy source” (lactic acid) at another time. THIS ALSO allows for NAD+ to be used rapidly in glycolysis to provide SOME “instant” ATP ...
Muscle cramps! - WordPress.com
... In order for the muscles to contract ATP is extremely necessary as it is a crucial part of the sliding filament theory, which is the contraction of skeletal muscles. The body cannot function without ATP, and this can be seen with the toxin cyanide which works by blocking enzymes in cellular respirat ...
... In order for the muscles to contract ATP is extremely necessary as it is a crucial part of the sliding filament theory, which is the contraction of skeletal muscles. The body cannot function without ATP, and this can be seen with the toxin cyanide which works by blocking enzymes in cellular respirat ...
ppt file/carboxilase
... b.) malate-aspartate shuttle can export cytoplasmic glycolytic NADH hydrogen to mitochondrial matrix to electron transport chain alpha-ketoglutarate-malate and aspartate-glutamate(+H+) antiporters take part In PC deficiency the NAD/NADH ratio is abnormal, mitochondrial membrane potential is disrupt ...
... b.) malate-aspartate shuttle can export cytoplasmic glycolytic NADH hydrogen to mitochondrial matrix to electron transport chain alpha-ketoglutarate-malate and aspartate-glutamate(+H+) antiporters take part In PC deficiency the NAD/NADH ratio is abnormal, mitochondrial membrane potential is disrupt ...
L06 Flat - Biology Courses Server
... During ATP synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration and glycolysis these forms of energy are converted from one to another Next two lectures ...
... During ATP synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration and glycolysis these forms of energy are converted from one to another Next two lectures ...
Chapter 5 Gases - s3.amazonaws.com
... Fats are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids Fatty acids enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl-CoA Glycerol enters glycolysis Fatty acids yield more energy (ATP) than carbs When blood glucose is high, acetyl–CoA is diverted from the Krebs cycle and into a pathway that makes fatty acids ...
... Fats are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids Fatty acids enter the Krebs cycle as acetyl-CoA Glycerol enters glycolysis Fatty acids yield more energy (ATP) than carbs When blood glucose is high, acetyl–CoA is diverted from the Krebs cycle and into a pathway that makes fatty acids ...
6O2 + C6H12O6 ------------------------
... a. The breakdown of _______________ to form ________ energy use in cells. b. ________________ is the type of energy used by cells to drive reactions in the body. c. The equation: **MEMORIZE THIS! 6O2 + C6H12O6 -------------------------6H2O + 6CO2 + 36 ATP d. Write the equation in word version: e. D ...
... a. The breakdown of _______________ to form ________ energy use in cells. b. ________________ is the type of energy used by cells to drive reactions in the body. c. The equation: **MEMORIZE THIS! 6O2 + C6H12O6 -------------------------6H2O + 6CO2 + 36 ATP d. Write the equation in word version: e. D ...
213 lactate dehydrog..
... b) Glucagon: Inhibits the activity of all key enzymes of glycolysis. It is secreted in response to low blood glucose level. ...
... b) Glucagon: Inhibits the activity of all key enzymes of glycolysis. It is secreted in response to low blood glucose level. ...
Cellular Respiration #2
... ATP were required to start the reaction, but glycolysis produces four ATP, resulting in a net gain of two ATP for glycolysis (-2+4=+2). What happens next depends on whether or not oxygen is present. If O2 is present, the aerobic respiration pathway is followed. If not, then anaerobic respiration occ ...
... ATP were required to start the reaction, but glycolysis produces four ATP, resulting in a net gain of two ATP for glycolysis (-2+4=+2). What happens next depends on whether or not oxygen is present. If O2 is present, the aerobic respiration pathway is followed. If not, then anaerobic respiration occ ...
7. Metabolism
... a. Oxygen is not available or cells lack sufficient mitochondria b. Lactate is formed when hydrogen is added to pyruvate. c. Liver cells recycle muscle lactic acid through the Cori cycle. 4. Pyruvate-to-acetyl CoA is irreversible. 5. Acetyl CoA’s Options a. Synthesize fats when the body has enough A ...
... a. Oxygen is not available or cells lack sufficient mitochondria b. Lactate is formed when hydrogen is added to pyruvate. c. Liver cells recycle muscle lactic acid through the Cori cycle. 4. Pyruvate-to-acetyl CoA is irreversible. 5. Acetyl CoA’s Options a. Synthesize fats when the body has enough A ...
NME2.26 - Introduction to Metabolic Pathways
... NADH is generated during carbohydrate oxidation FADH is generated during carbohydrate and fatty acid oxidation Catabolic pathways generate ATP e.g. substrate oxidation Anabolic pathways consume ATP e.g. biosynthesis Substrate oxidation converts large molecules into smaller molecules o NAD is reduced ...
... NADH is generated during carbohydrate oxidation FADH is generated during carbohydrate and fatty acid oxidation Catabolic pathways generate ATP e.g. substrate oxidation Anabolic pathways consume ATP e.g. biosynthesis Substrate oxidation converts large molecules into smaller molecules o NAD is reduced ...
The Citric Acid Cycle
... Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2 H2O 2CO2 +3NADH + FADH2 + GTP + CoA + 3H+ • Carbons of acetyl groups in acetyl-CoA are oxidized to CO2 • Electrons from this process reduce NAD+ and FAD • One GTP is formed per cycle, this can be converted to ATP • Intermediates in the cycle are not depleted ...
... Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2 H2O 2CO2 +3NADH + FADH2 + GTP + CoA + 3H+ • Carbons of acetyl groups in acetyl-CoA are oxidized to CO2 • Electrons from this process reduce NAD+ and FAD • One GTP is formed per cycle, this can be converted to ATP • Intermediates in the cycle are not depleted ...
O 2 - Madison Public Schools
... proteins all catabolized through same pathways enter at different points cell extracts energy from every source ...
... proteins all catabolized through same pathways enter at different points cell extracts energy from every source ...
Cellular Respiration
... with a chicken drumstick, showing where the CARBON in the chicken leg originally came from: (Where does the carbon start and how does it get into the drumstick?) List 3 examples of (each) biosynthesis and breakdown reactions. Why are biosynthesis and breakdown reactions important for all organis ...
... with a chicken drumstick, showing where the CARBON in the chicken leg originally came from: (Where does the carbon start and how does it get into the drumstick?) List 3 examples of (each) biosynthesis and breakdown reactions. Why are biosynthesis and breakdown reactions important for all organis ...
Biology 190-Fall 2005 ANSWER SHEET
... 4. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law? A) The energy content of an organism is constant. B) The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy ...
... 4. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law? A) The energy content of an organism is constant. B) The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑