Dysglycemia refers to any disorders in serum (blood) glucose
... body’s reaction to what is eaten. These reactions may include mental clarity or dullness, an increase or decrease in energy levels, a general feeling of well being or discomfort. It is up to each individual to begin to notice how they feel after eating specific foods, and note how their energy level ...
... body’s reaction to what is eaten. These reactions may include mental clarity or dullness, an increase or decrease in energy levels, a general feeling of well being or discomfort. It is up to each individual to begin to notice how they feel after eating specific foods, and note how their energy level ...
Biomolecules are organic molecules built and used inside of cells
... ______________ for a short term • Monosaccharides are broken down in cellular ________________ into carbon dioxide and water • The energy released from the broken bonds is used to form molecules of ______ (the energy currency of the ...
... ______________ for a short term • Monosaccharides are broken down in cellular ________________ into carbon dioxide and water • The energy released from the broken bonds is used to form molecules of ______ (the energy currency of the ...
Anaerobic Respiration
... The Pyruvic acid formed during Glycolysis each gain a hydrogen from NADH. The new hydrogen turn the Pyruvate into lactic acid and energy is released (which is used to form ATP). Glucose → Pyruvic acid → Lactic acid + energy ...
... The Pyruvic acid formed during Glycolysis each gain a hydrogen from NADH. The new hydrogen turn the Pyruvate into lactic acid and energy is released (which is used to form ATP). Glucose → Pyruvic acid → Lactic acid + energy ...
2) α-D-xylose
... Other starch products containing glucose: 1. Maltodextrins: Mixture of polysaccharides resulting from partial hydrolysis of starch. “ have low Dextrose Equivalent (DE) < 20” uses: Infant food, Adhesive in bandages and in granulation. 2. Glucose syrup: DE> 20: used in agricultural food industry 3. ...
... Other starch products containing glucose: 1. Maltodextrins: Mixture of polysaccharides resulting from partial hydrolysis of starch. “ have low Dextrose Equivalent (DE) < 20” uses: Infant food, Adhesive in bandages and in granulation. 2. Glucose syrup: DE> 20: used in agricultural food industry 3. ...
File - Mrs. LeCompte
... Many steps are involved, but here are the ones you need to know: 1) Acetyl CoA (2 C) enters and combines with oxaloacetate (C4) to form Citric Acid (C6) 2) The compound is oxidized a total of 4 times, losing two e-s each time o Forms a total of 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 3) The compound is phosphorylated b ...
... Many steps are involved, but here are the ones you need to know: 1) Acetyl CoA (2 C) enters and combines with oxaloacetate (C4) to form Citric Acid (C6) 2) The compound is oxidized a total of 4 times, losing two e-s each time o Forms a total of 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 3) The compound is phosphorylated b ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... In animals, excess glucose is converted to its storage form, glycogen, by glycogenesis. When glucose is needed as a source of energy or as a precursor molecule in biosynthetic processes, glycogen is degraded by glycogenolysis. Glucose can be converted to ribose-5-phosphate (a component of nucleotide ...
... In animals, excess glucose is converted to its storage form, glycogen, by glycogenesis. When glucose is needed as a source of energy or as a precursor molecule in biosynthetic processes, glycogen is degraded by glycogenolysis. Glucose can be converted to ribose-5-phosphate (a component of nucleotide ...
harvesting chemical energy
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
PIG Excretion - Mrs Miller's Blog | Science Revision
... glycoprotein mesh • Podocytes: epithelial cells with major processes (finger like projections) and gaps o fluid can pass through ...
... glycoprotein mesh • Podocytes: epithelial cells with major processes (finger like projections) and gaps o fluid can pass through ...
Cellular Metabolism - Napa Valley College
... It is very inefficient - results in only two ATP ...
... It is very inefficient - results in only two ATP ...
What is Cellular Respiration?
... The first step in cellular respiration in all living cells is glycolysis, which can take place without the presence of molecular oxygen. If oxygen is present in the cell, then the cell can subsequently take advantage of aerobic respiration via the TCA cycle to produce much more usable energy in the ...
... The first step in cellular respiration in all living cells is glycolysis, which can take place without the presence of molecular oxygen. If oxygen is present in the cell, then the cell can subsequently take advantage of aerobic respiration via the TCA cycle to produce much more usable energy in the ...
NVC Bio 120 lect 9 cell respiration
... The energy stored in a H+ gradient across a membrane couples the redox reactions of the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis The H+ gradient is referred to as a proton-motive force, emphasizing its capacity to do work ...
... The energy stored in a H+ gradient across a membrane couples the redox reactions of the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis The H+ gradient is referred to as a proton-motive force, emphasizing its capacity to do work ...
Document
... - Pyruvate is reduced to lactate. - Accumulation of lactate causes the muscles to tire and sore. - Then we breathe rapidly to repay the O2. - Most lactate is transported to liver to convert back into pyruvate. ...
... - Pyruvate is reduced to lactate. - Accumulation of lactate causes the muscles to tire and sore. - Then we breathe rapidly to repay the O2. - Most lactate is transported to liver to convert back into pyruvate. ...
Organic Molecule Marshmallow Lab
... 3. Name the two organic macromolecules to which a Carboxyl group would be found. 4. An amino group is found in which type of organic macromolecule? 5. The amino acid Serine is a building block of which type of organic macromolecules? 6. How many different amino acids exist in life? 7. Which four ele ...
... 3. Name the two organic macromolecules to which a Carboxyl group would be found. 4. An amino group is found in which type of organic macromolecule? 5. The amino acid Serine is a building block of which type of organic macromolecules? 6. How many different amino acids exist in life? 7. Which four ele ...
Chapter 7 – Cellular Respiration
... ATP produced via substrate level phosphorylation Glycolysis – 2 ATP Krebs Cycle – 2 ATP ATP produced via chemiosmosis 2 NADH from glycolysis – 4 ATP 2 NADH from transition step – 6 ATP 6 NADH from Krebs Cycle – 18 ATP 2 FADH2 from Krebs Cycle – 4 ATP ...
... ATP produced via substrate level phosphorylation Glycolysis – 2 ATP Krebs Cycle – 2 ATP ATP produced via chemiosmosis 2 NADH from glycolysis – 4 ATP 2 NADH from transition step – 6 ATP 6 NADH from Krebs Cycle – 18 ATP 2 FADH2 from Krebs Cycle – 4 ATP ...
SADDLEBACK COLLEGE BIOLOGY 20 EXAMINATION 2 STUDY
... • glycolysis – runs with or without oxygen. where does it take place, what goes in and what comes out. Know the energy products (ATP & NADH) & what is pyruvate? • Substrate level phosphorylation – where do the phosphates come from to make ATP? • What’s the fate of pyruvate? Where does pyruvate go if ...
... • glycolysis – runs with or without oxygen. where does it take place, what goes in and what comes out. Know the energy products (ATP & NADH) & what is pyruvate? • Substrate level phosphorylation – where do the phosphates come from to make ATP? • What’s the fate of pyruvate? Where does pyruvate go if ...
Chapter 7: Where it Starts – Photosynthesis
... - The spent e- eventually is returned to its original ______________ (ATP, electron transport, Photosystem) Photosystems I - This type of photosystem uses ___________ photophosphorylation - ________ is split by _______ energy, and an e- enters the chlorophyll _____ - The chlorophyll’s original ____ ...
... - The spent e- eventually is returned to its original ______________ (ATP, electron transport, Photosystem) Photosystems I - This type of photosystem uses ___________ photophosphorylation - ________ is split by _______ energy, and an e- enters the chlorophyll _____ - The chlorophyll’s original ____ ...
Outline - Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis
... Store and use chemical energy in the form of organic compounds D. Steps of CO2 fixation: ...
... Store and use chemical energy in the form of organic compounds D. Steps of CO2 fixation: ...
Topic 2.1-2.4 Molecular Biology
... – Collection of chemical reactions involving biomolecules, that occur during living processes – Reactions occur in predictable patterns ...
... – Collection of chemical reactions involving biomolecules, that occur during living processes – Reactions occur in predictable patterns ...
1 How do the regulatory properties of glucokinase and hexokinase
... The liver contains hexokinase D, also known as hexokinase IV or glucokinase, with a high KM for glucose. The enzyme is relatively inactive at normal blood levels of glucose, which gives the peripheral tissues "first look" at the blood glucose. After a starch or glucose rich meal, blood glucose rises ...
... The liver contains hexokinase D, also known as hexokinase IV or glucokinase, with a high KM for glucose. The enzyme is relatively inactive at normal blood levels of glucose, which gives the peripheral tissues "first look" at the blood glucose. After a starch or glucose rich meal, blood glucose rises ...
Instructor: Brendan Leezer
... o Only a restricted region of the enzyme molecule actually binds to the substrate. This region, called the active site, is typically a pocket or groove on the surface of the protein. o The specificity of an enzyme is attributed to a compatible fit between the shape of its active site and the shape o ...
... o Only a restricted region of the enzyme molecule actually binds to the substrate. This region, called the active site, is typically a pocket or groove on the surface of the protein. o The specificity of an enzyme is attributed to a compatible fit between the shape of its active site and the shape o ...
BIO 315 Exam I (F2014)
... C) The reaction would not occur spontaneously under standard conditions, but it can occur in the cell because it is coupled to the strongly exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis. D) The reaction would not occur spontaneously under standard conditions, but it must be followed by a strongly exergonic r ...
... C) The reaction would not occur spontaneously under standard conditions, but it can occur in the cell because it is coupled to the strongly exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis. D) The reaction would not occur spontaneously under standard conditions, but it must be followed by a strongly exergonic r ...
1 - SchoolNotes
... 13. What carbohydrate is found in the cell walls of plants? 14. What type of molecule is used for storage? 15. A hydrocarbon is hydrophobic except when __________________ 16. What carbohydrate is found in the exoskeleton of insects or crabs? 17. A dehydration reaction can also be called a __________ ...
... 13. What carbohydrate is found in the cell walls of plants? 14. What type of molecule is used for storage? 15. A hydrocarbon is hydrophobic except when __________________ 16. What carbohydrate is found in the exoskeleton of insects or crabs? 17. A dehydration reaction can also be called a __________ ...
AIM: What are Macromolecules?
... containing Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) elements combined with any other chemical elements. Examples : Glucose (C6H12O6 ) is organic, H2O is not organic , CO2 (carbon dioxide) is not organic. ...
... containing Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) elements combined with any other chemical elements. Examples : Glucose (C6H12O6 ) is organic, H2O is not organic , CO2 (carbon dioxide) is not organic. ...
Cell_Biology
... 12. Which kind of metabolic poison would most directly interfere with glycolysis? A) an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell B) an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it C) an agent that inhibits the formation of acetyl coenzyme A D) an agent that reacts ...
... 12. Which kind of metabolic poison would most directly interfere with glycolysis? A) an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell B) an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it C) an agent that inhibits the formation of acetyl coenzyme A D) an agent that reacts ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑