Biol 212 Exam 1 Review Part 2
... called (exergonic/endergonic). Metabolism will have a (negative/positive) ∆G if catabolism exceeds anabolism. Metabolism will have a (negative/positive) ∆G if anabolism exceeds catabolism. Kinetic energy is the energy of _____________. It can be measured by ________ energy which is the random motion ...
... called (exergonic/endergonic). Metabolism will have a (negative/positive) ∆G if catabolism exceeds anabolism. Metabolism will have a (negative/positive) ∆G if anabolism exceeds catabolism. Kinetic energy is the energy of _____________. It can be measured by ________ energy which is the random motion ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical
... Each oxygen atom also picks up a pair of hydrogen ions from the aqueous solution to form water. For every two electron carriers (four electrons), one O2 molecule is reduced to two molecules of water. The electrons carried by FADH2 have lower free energy and are added at a lower energy level than ...
... Each oxygen atom also picks up a pair of hydrogen ions from the aqueous solution to form water. For every two electron carriers (four electrons), one O2 molecule is reduced to two molecules of water. The electrons carried by FADH2 have lower free energy and are added at a lower energy level than ...
Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... The two atoms of the oxygen molecule share their electrons equally. When oxygen reacts with the hydrogen from methane to form water, the electrons of the covalent bonds are drawn closer to the oxygen. ...
... The two atoms of the oxygen molecule share their electrons equally. When oxygen reacts with the hydrogen from methane to form water, the electrons of the covalent bonds are drawn closer to the oxygen. ...
Biochemistry - Science with Mr. Enns
... It supplies daily energy for the body in slow and steady amounts. It is a very efficient reaction. One glucose molecule makes 20x more energy than anaerobic respiration. It is a relatively safe reaction. It produces no negative side effects. ...
... It supplies daily energy for the body in slow and steady amounts. It is a very efficient reaction. One glucose molecule makes 20x more energy than anaerobic respiration. It is a relatively safe reaction. It produces no negative side effects. ...
09_DetailLectOut_jkAR
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
Chem*3560 Lecture 6: Allosteric regulation of enzymes
... When ATP and CTP are both present, they compete for the same binding site (see below), and the relative concentration of the two nucleotides will determine whether a positive or negative effect is observed. CTP has slightly more affinity, so [ATP] has to be significantly higher than [CTP] for a posi ...
... When ATP and CTP are both present, they compete for the same binding site (see below), and the relative concentration of the two nucleotides will determine whether a positive or negative effect is observed. CTP has slightly more affinity, so [ATP] has to be significantly higher than [CTP] for a posi ...
Chapter 7 – Metabolism
... Too much food from any nutrient (carbohydrates, protein, or fat) can be stored as fat in the form of triglycerides. The body uses less energy converting dietary fat to body fat, but must work harder converting carbohydrates and protein to body fat. Excess carbohydrates will first be stored as ...
... Too much food from any nutrient (carbohydrates, protein, or fat) can be stored as fat in the form of triglycerides. The body uses less energy converting dietary fat to body fat, but must work harder converting carbohydrates and protein to body fat. Excess carbohydrates will first be stored as ...
Macromolecules of Life
... Lipids are __stored_ for later use or used as _fuel___ for cellular respiration. ...
... Lipids are __stored_ for later use or used as _fuel___ for cellular respiration. ...
Syllabus 2012/2013 for Faculty of Medicine (English Division)
... 10. Anaerobic glycolysis – (lactate fermentation, tissues dependent on anaerobic glycolysis, fate of lactate – Cori cycle, lactic acidemia, ethanol fermentation). 11. Metabolism of fructose and glucose 12. Synthesis and degradation of lactose 13. Synthesis and degradation of glycogen 14. Disorders o ...
... 10. Anaerobic glycolysis – (lactate fermentation, tissues dependent on anaerobic glycolysis, fate of lactate – Cori cycle, lactic acidemia, ethanol fermentation). 11. Metabolism of fructose and glucose 12. Synthesis and degradation of lactose 13. Synthesis and degradation of glycogen 14. Disorders o ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY - Valdosta State University
... • Anabolic reactions - synthesize molecules for cell maintenance, growth and reproduction ...
... • Anabolic reactions - synthesize molecules for cell maintenance, growth and reproduction ...
EnviroRegulationofMicrobialMetabolism-rev
... used in the manufacture of nitrochlorobenzenes, phenol, aniline, and other industrial chemicals. It also functions as a paint solvent, heattransfer medium, and an intermediate compound in the manufacture of some pesticides. Most chlorobenzene that is discharged into the environment quickly evaporate ...
... used in the manufacture of nitrochlorobenzenes, phenol, aniline, and other industrial chemicals. It also functions as a paint solvent, heattransfer medium, and an intermediate compound in the manufacture of some pesticides. Most chlorobenzene that is discharged into the environment quickly evaporate ...
Quiz Chapter 5 Organic Molecules
... Directions: Each group of questions consists of five lettered headings followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence, select the one heading that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each heading may be used ...
... Directions: Each group of questions consists of five lettered headings followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence, select the one heading that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each heading may be used ...
The Control of the Metabolic Switch in Cancers by Oncogenes and
... tumor suppressor genes in a number of key cancer-producing pathways. Blocking these metabolic pathways or restoring these altered pathways could lead to a new approach in cancer treatments. n 1926, Otto Warburg demonstrated that cancer cells did not metabolize glucose in the same way that glucose wa ...
... tumor suppressor genes in a number of key cancer-producing pathways. Blocking these metabolic pathways or restoring these altered pathways could lead to a new approach in cancer treatments. n 1926, Otto Warburg demonstrated that cancer cells did not metabolize glucose in the same way that glucose wa ...
BS3050 Physiology of Sport and Exercise
... the lack of ATP but this tension does not occur after strenuous exercise which is a good argument that lack of ATP is not a direct factor in muscle fatigue. Decrease in phosphocreatine levels The decline in CP appears to precede the decline in force output of muscle but since the ATP concentration d ...
... the lack of ATP but this tension does not occur after strenuous exercise which is a good argument that lack of ATP is not a direct factor in muscle fatigue. Decrease in phosphocreatine levels The decline in CP appears to precede the decline in force output of muscle but since the ATP concentration d ...
Slide 1
... NADH through lactic acid fermentation – NADH is oxidized to NAD+ when pyruvate is reduced to lactate – In a sense, pyruvate is serving as an “electron sink,” a place to dispose of the electrons generated by oxidation reactions in glycolysis ...
... NADH through lactic acid fermentation – NADH is oxidized to NAD+ when pyruvate is reduced to lactate – In a sense, pyruvate is serving as an “electron sink,” a place to dispose of the electrons generated by oxidation reactions in glycolysis ...
Liver glycogen constitutes a reserve of glucose for the
... Liver glycogen constitutes a reserve of glucose for the body as a whole. The reserve is not large. In fact, the reserve is virtually exhausted in 24 hours. In such an animal the continuing requirement for glucose is satisfied by gluconeogenesis, which is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrat ...
... Liver glycogen constitutes a reserve of glucose for the body as a whole. The reserve is not large. In fact, the reserve is virtually exhausted in 24 hours. In such an animal the continuing requirement for glucose is satisfied by gluconeogenesis, which is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrat ...
Energy systems. - CCVI
... b) sufficient oxygen is supplied to the mitochondria c) enzymes or intermediate products do not limit the Kreb’s cycle ...
... b) sufficient oxygen is supplied to the mitochondria c) enzymes or intermediate products do not limit the Kreb’s cycle ...
Lesson_3_liver_function
... • It contains energy so can be used for respiration. • It is broken down by hepatocytes by the enzyme ethanol dehydrogenase to ethanal. • Ethanal dehydrogenase then breaks the ethanal down into ethanoate. • Ethanoate combines with coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A, and this molecule can enter the ...
... • It contains energy so can be used for respiration. • It is broken down by hepatocytes by the enzyme ethanol dehydrogenase to ethanal. • Ethanal dehydrogenase then breaks the ethanal down into ethanoate. • Ethanoate combines with coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A, and this molecule can enter the ...
投影片 1
... 17 FAD + 25.5 ATP + 17 H2O 35NADH + 35H+ + 17.5 O2 + 87.5ADP + 87.5Pi 35NAD+ + 87.5ATP + 35H2O O CH3(CH2)16C-S-CoA + 26O2 + 122 ADP + 122Pi 18CO2 + 17H2O + 122ATP + CoA-SH one 18C fatty acid ...
... 17 FAD + 25.5 ATP + 17 H2O 35NADH + 35H+ + 17.5 O2 + 87.5ADP + 87.5Pi 35NAD+ + 87.5ATP + 35H2O O CH3(CH2)16C-S-CoA + 26O2 + 122 ADP + 122Pi 18CO2 + 17H2O + 122ATP + CoA-SH one 18C fatty acid ...
energy systems - CastleSchoolPE
... Since glycogen is stored in the muscle & liver, it is still available, relatively quickly During this process Glycogen is broken down into Pyruvic Acid – this causes the release of energy to resynthesise 2 ATP molecules ...
... Since glycogen is stored in the muscle & liver, it is still available, relatively quickly During this process Glycogen is broken down into Pyruvic Acid – this causes the release of energy to resynthesise 2 ATP molecules ...
Station #2: Biomolecules, Enzymes, Photosynthesis and Respiration
... a. To increase the rate of diffusion across cell membranes b. To decrease the rate of chemical reactions c. To provide energy used for cell processes d. To pass genetic traits to offspring 6. Amylase is an enzyme that is released by the salivary glands to break down starch, a carbohydrate. What is t ...
... a. To increase the rate of diffusion across cell membranes b. To decrease the rate of chemical reactions c. To provide energy used for cell processes d. To pass genetic traits to offspring 6. Amylase is an enzyme that is released by the salivary glands to break down starch, a carbohydrate. What is t ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑