Oxidative Metabolism - Plant Energy Biology
... Intermediates of TCA cycle needed for synthesis of amino acids and nucleotides Oxaloacetate (OAA) is not regenerated in petite () cells’ TCA cycle, so must be replenished another way. ...
... Intermediates of TCA cycle needed for synthesis of amino acids and nucleotides Oxaloacetate (OAA) is not regenerated in petite () cells’ TCA cycle, so must be replenished another way. ...
Electron transport chain
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
21:120:360 Biochemistry
... A make-up examination will be available for students who must miss a regularly scheduled exam for an officially approved reason such as a religious holiday, illness or family emergency (see university guidelines). If you would like to request a makeup for any exam, please notify me as soon as possib ...
... A make-up examination will be available for students who must miss a regularly scheduled exam for an officially approved reason such as a religious holiday, illness or family emergency (see university guidelines). If you would like to request a makeup for any exam, please notify me as soon as possib ...
BIO00004C Molecular biology and biochemistry (PDF , 72kb)
... Metabolism. Overview and concepts of metabolism; how cells utilize Ungar different sugar nutrients, regulation of glycogen metabolism; detailed discussion of glycolysis, the TCA cycle and the role of fermentation; regulation of these pathways, how energy generation is balanced with the efficient tur ...
... Metabolism. Overview and concepts of metabolism; how cells utilize Ungar different sugar nutrients, regulation of glycogen metabolism; detailed discussion of glycolysis, the TCA cycle and the role of fermentation; regulation of these pathways, how energy generation is balanced with the efficient tur ...
Enzymes/Macromolecules/Bonding
... differing only in the side chain Properties of side chains account for structural and functional differences ...
... differing only in the side chain Properties of side chains account for structural and functional differences ...
Congestive heart failure and sodium dichloroacetate
... reporting on the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of sodium dichloroacetate in patients with congestive heart failure. Dichloroacetate, in a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, resulted in an increase in minute work of 12.3% (from 1.38 to 1.55 kg-m/m2), while at the same time myocardial oxygen consumptio ...
... reporting on the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of sodium dichloroacetate in patients with congestive heart failure. Dichloroacetate, in a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, resulted in an increase in minute work of 12.3% (from 1.38 to 1.55 kg-m/m2), while at the same time myocardial oxygen consumptio ...
Chp 4 Cell Energy
... • A molecule of glucose is formed as it stores some of the energy captured from sunlight. – carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle – energy is added and carbon molecules are rearranged – a high-energy three-carbon molecule leaves the cycle ...
... • A molecule of glucose is formed as it stores some of the energy captured from sunlight. – carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle – energy is added and carbon molecules are rearranged – a high-energy three-carbon molecule leaves the cycle ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred to electron acceptors, which produces a proton gradient Proton gradient used to drive synthesis of ATP. Chemiosmosis: ATP synthase allows H+ to flow across inner mitochondrial membrane down concentration gradient, which produces ATP. Ultimate acc ...
... Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred to electron acceptors, which produces a proton gradient Proton gradient used to drive synthesis of ATP. Chemiosmosis: ATP synthase allows H+ to flow across inner mitochondrial membrane down concentration gradient, which produces ATP. Ultimate acc ...
1.-ATP-and-phosphorylation
... ATP (you go running and your muscles need energy) then there will automatically be an increase in the production of ATP. • ATP is always made the same time it is used, therefore there is always a constant quantity of ATP in the body. ...
... ATP (you go running and your muscles need energy) then there will automatically be an increase in the production of ATP. • ATP is always made the same time it is used, therefore there is always a constant quantity of ATP in the body. ...
DOC
... For the following sugars, follow these instructions: Draw a circle around each hemiacetal carbon (2 pts. each) Draw a square around each acetal carbon (2 pts. each) Identify each sugar as an “alpha” or “beta” sugar by writing the appropriate word below the picture in the blank provided. Spell out th ...
... For the following sugars, follow these instructions: Draw a circle around each hemiacetal carbon (2 pts. each) Draw a square around each acetal carbon (2 pts. each) Identify each sugar as an “alpha” or “beta” sugar by writing the appropriate word below the picture in the blank provided. Spell out th ...
Cellular Respiration
... 9.6: Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways • Catabolic pathways are versatile; they funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules (not just glucose!) into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must first be ...
... 9.6: Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways • Catabolic pathways are versatile; they funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules (not just glucose!) into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must first be ...
L7c RESPIRATION Ch9 etc regulation
... final product is inhibitor of earlier step allosteric inhibitor of earlier enzyme ...
... final product is inhibitor of earlier step allosteric inhibitor of earlier enzyme ...
2-Phospho
... with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
... with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
BC368 Metabolic Disorders Poster Session Spring 2015 Glycogen
... plays key roles in metabolism and maintaining liver homeostasis. Experimental findings have shown transcription of ALA synthase in the liver to be down regulated by PGC-α in the presence of insulin, presenting mechanism by which glucose infusions quell acute attacks of AIP. Further research into mec ...
... plays key roles in metabolism and maintaining liver homeostasis. Experimental findings have shown transcription of ALA synthase in the liver to be down regulated by PGC-α in the presence of insulin, presenting mechanism by which glucose infusions quell acute attacks of AIP. Further research into mec ...
BCH 301 CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
... or no lactate is detectable in their blood after exercise. Type VI glycogenosis: Due to phosphoglucomutase deficiency in the liver. Type VII glycogenosis: Due to deficiency of phosphofructokinase in the muscles. Diseases associated with HMP ...
... or no lactate is detectable in their blood after exercise. Type VI glycogenosis: Due to phosphoglucomutase deficiency in the liver. Type VII glycogenosis: Due to deficiency of phosphofructokinase in the muscles. Diseases associated with HMP ...
Food Fuels and Three Energy Systems
... destruction of cells in acidic conditions. The hydrogen ions then combine with pyruvate to form lactate, which is then converted to glycogen and made available to release further energy. Around 80% of lactic acid is diffused from the muscles and circulated through the liver for reconversion into glu ...
... destruction of cells in acidic conditions. The hydrogen ions then combine with pyruvate to form lactate, which is then converted to glycogen and made available to release further energy. Around 80% of lactic acid is diffused from the muscles and circulated through the liver for reconversion into glu ...
Cellular Respiration
... Cellular Respiration Cellular Energy •The Stages of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration has two stages. •Glycolysis The first stage of cellular respiration is called glycolysis. •Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration The second stage of cellular respiration is either aerobic respiration (in the p ...
... Cellular Respiration Cellular Energy •The Stages of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration has two stages. •Glycolysis The first stage of cellular respiration is called glycolysis. •Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration The second stage of cellular respiration is either aerobic respiration (in the p ...
Chapter 2: Chemistry
... Pure substances. Atoms are the “building blocks”. They contain three types of subatomic particles: neutrons and protons (+) in the nucleus, electrons (-) “orbit” in shells. Closest shell to the nucleus holds two electrons, second and thirds shells can hold eight each. Elements are arranged in the Pe ...
... Pure substances. Atoms are the “building blocks”. They contain three types of subatomic particles: neutrons and protons (+) in the nucleus, electrons (-) “orbit” in shells. Closest shell to the nucleus holds two electrons, second and thirds shells can hold eight each. Elements are arranged in the Pe ...
RESPIRATION PPT...Campbell Powerpoint presentation
... • Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space • H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through the proton, ATP synthase • ATP synthase uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ATP • Th ...
... • Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space • H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through the proton, ATP synthase • ATP synthase uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ATP • Th ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑