2 ATP - HCC Learning Web
... Glycolysis (“splitting of sugar”) breaks down 6-carbon glucose into two molecules of 3-carbon pyruvate Glycolysisis a 10 step process that occurs in the cytoplasm and has two major phases: 1. In the energy investment phase, the cell spends ATP. 2. In the energy payoff phase, this investment is repai ...
... Glycolysis (“splitting of sugar”) breaks down 6-carbon glucose into two molecules of 3-carbon pyruvate Glycolysisis a 10 step process that occurs in the cytoplasm and has two major phases: 1. In the energy investment phase, the cell spends ATP. 2. In the energy payoff phase, this investment is repai ...
Fatty Acid Catabolism - Chemistry Courses: About
... • Opposite of beta oxidation in the sense that 2carbon acetate units are linked to form evenchain, saturated fatty acids • Differs from Fatty acid degradation – In cytoplasm, not matrix – Acyl carrier protein rather than CoA – Enzymes linked in a complex ...
... • Opposite of beta oxidation in the sense that 2carbon acetate units are linked to form evenchain, saturated fatty acids • Differs from Fatty acid degradation – In cytoplasm, not matrix – Acyl carrier protein rather than CoA – Enzymes linked in a complex ...
Multiple Choice Review
... 34. The reaction converting ATP to ADP can be coupled with a reaction to synthesize a needed molecule. How does the coupling of these two reactions cause the synthesis to proceed? a. The reaction converting ATP to ADP requires energy. The reaction to synthesize a molecule releases energy. Coupled to ...
... 34. The reaction converting ATP to ADP can be coupled with a reaction to synthesize a needed molecule. How does the coupling of these two reactions cause the synthesis to proceed? a. The reaction converting ATP to ADP requires energy. The reaction to synthesize a molecule releases energy. Coupled to ...
Nutrition
... temperature whereas the shell (the skin) has the lowest temp 3. Blood serves as the major heat-exchange agent between the core and the shell A) When blood is deep in the organs, heat loss is minimal B) When blood is in the skin capillaries, heat loss is at its maximum ...
... temperature whereas the shell (the skin) has the lowest temp 3. Blood serves as the major heat-exchange agent between the core and the shell A) When blood is deep in the organs, heat loss is minimal B) When blood is in the skin capillaries, heat loss is at its maximum ...
Exam2_2012 final key - (canvas.brown.edu).
... B) It consists entirely of the reactions of glycolysis, operating in the reverse direction. C) It employs the enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase. D) It is one of the ways that mammals maintain normal blood glucose levels between meals. E) It requires metabolic energy (ATP or GTP). Circle the correct answe ...
... B) It consists entirely of the reactions of glycolysis, operating in the reverse direction. C) It employs the enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase. D) It is one of the ways that mammals maintain normal blood glucose levels between meals. E) It requires metabolic energy (ATP or GTP). Circle the correct answe ...
Enter Legible BANNER ID: B 0 0 __ __ __ __ __ __ DO NOT WRITE
... B) It consists entirely of the reactions of glycolysis, operating in the reverse direction. C) It employs the enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase. D) It is one of the ways that mammals maintain normal blood glucose levels between meals. E) It requires metabolic energy (ATP or GTP). Circle the correct answe ...
... B) It consists entirely of the reactions of glycolysis, operating in the reverse direction. C) It employs the enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase. D) It is one of the ways that mammals maintain normal blood glucose levels between meals. E) It requires metabolic energy (ATP or GTP). Circle the correct answe ...
Integration of Metabolism
... work all the phosphocreatine is converted into creatine. During recovery phase creatine is rephosphorylated to phosphocreatine. Muscle fatigue is not the result of the depletion of phosphocreatine and glycogen reserves. Nor is muscle fatigue caused by the accumulation of lactate. Muscle fatigue is c ...
... work all the phosphocreatine is converted into creatine. During recovery phase creatine is rephosphorylated to phosphocreatine. Muscle fatigue is not the result of the depletion of phosphocreatine and glycogen reserves. Nor is muscle fatigue caused by the accumulation of lactate. Muscle fatigue is c ...
Multiple Choice Enzymes and Resp Answers
... At the start of glycolysis, glucose is phosphorylated to produce glucose 6-phosphate, which is converted into fructose 6-phosphate. A second phosphorylation reaction is then carried out, in which fructose 6-phosphate is converted into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzy ...
... At the start of glycolysis, glucose is phosphorylated to produce glucose 6-phosphate, which is converted into fructose 6-phosphate. A second phosphorylation reaction is then carried out, in which fructose 6-phosphate is converted into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzy ...
2002
... (C) Electron transport chain (D) Conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA (E) Production of a proton gradient 4. Which of the following directly produces the most ATP per mole of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration? (A) Glycolysis (B) Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis (C) Substrate-l ...
... (C) Electron transport chain (D) Conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA (E) Production of a proton gradient 4. Which of the following directly produces the most ATP per mole of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration? (A) Glycolysis (B) Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis (C) Substrate-l ...
Plants
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
Plants
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
2. tissue - specific metabolism - cmb
... When glucose levels are adequate, the production of dihydroxyacetone phosphate generates enough glycerol-3-phosphate for the resynthesis of triacylglycerols from the released fatty acids. When intracellular glucose levels fall, the concentration of glycerol-3-phosphate falls also, and fatty acids ar ...
... When glucose levels are adequate, the production of dihydroxyacetone phosphate generates enough glycerol-3-phosphate for the resynthesis of triacylglycerols from the released fatty acids. When intracellular glucose levels fall, the concentration of glycerol-3-phosphate falls also, and fatty acids ar ...
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY CANTON, NEW YORK
... bioenergetics, and transfer of genetic information. Emphasis will be on protein structure and function, enzyme catalysis, an overview of energy metabolism, and the maintenance and expression of genetic information. I. PRE-REQUISITE: CHEM 302 Organic Chemistry II J. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon co ...
... bioenergetics, and transfer of genetic information. Emphasis will be on protein structure and function, enzyme catalysis, an overview of energy metabolism, and the maintenance and expression of genetic information. I. PRE-REQUISITE: CHEM 302 Organic Chemistry II J. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon co ...
13-Krebs cycle
... Understanding the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). It is made of three enzymes One of them is Pyruvate Dehydrogenase The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex contributes to transforming pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by a process called pyruvate decarboxylation. Acetyl-CoA may then be used in the citric ac ...
... Understanding the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). It is made of three enzymes One of them is Pyruvate Dehydrogenase The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex contributes to transforming pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by a process called pyruvate decarboxylation. Acetyl-CoA may then be used in the citric ac ...
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
... • Pyruvic acid is broken down in a series of enzyme controlled steps. • Each pathway leads to formation of – Water – Carbon dioxide – 18 molecules of ATP ...
... • Pyruvic acid is broken down in a series of enzyme controlled steps. • Each pathway leads to formation of – Water – Carbon dioxide – 18 molecules of ATP ...
Biochemistry 304 2014 Student Edition Glycolysis Lectures
... The metabolic flux through the glycolytic pathway must be adjusted to respond to internal and extracellular conditions. IMPORTANT - Two major cellular needs regulate the rate of glucose conversion into pyruvate: 1) The production of ATP. 2) The production of building blocks for synthetic reactions. ...
... The metabolic flux through the glycolytic pathway must be adjusted to respond to internal and extracellular conditions. IMPORTANT - Two major cellular needs regulate the rate of glucose conversion into pyruvate: 1) The production of ATP. 2) The production of building blocks for synthetic reactions. ...
ANPS 020 Black 03-16
... Increase GLUT4 insertion into tissues for glucose entry Increase tissue glycogen production and storage (from excess glucose) in liver and muscle Increase amino acid into tissues for protein synthesis Inhibit glycogenesis (glycogen breakdown) Inhibit gluconeogenesis (glucose synthesis) Inhibit lipo ...
... Increase GLUT4 insertion into tissues for glucose entry Increase tissue glycogen production and storage (from excess glucose) in liver and muscle Increase amino acid into tissues for protein synthesis Inhibit glycogenesis (glycogen breakdown) Inhibit gluconeogenesis (glucose synthesis) Inhibit lipo ...
oxidation - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... w Ingested, then taken up by muscles and liver and converted to glycogen w Glycogen stored in the liver is converted back to glucose as needed and transported by the blood to the muscles to form ATP ...
... w Ingested, then taken up by muscles and liver and converted to glycogen w Glycogen stored in the liver is converted back to glucose as needed and transported by the blood to the muscles to form ATP ...
vocabulary for Cell Energetics
... Oxygen: O2- A waste product produced during the splitting of water (photolysis) during the light reaction. NADPH: A co-enzyme that is used by the plant to transfer energy from the light reaction to the light-independent reaction. ATP: The energy-carrying molecule that is used by living organisms as ...
... Oxygen: O2- A waste product produced during the splitting of water (photolysis) during the light reaction. NADPH: A co-enzyme that is used by the plant to transfer energy from the light reaction to the light-independent reaction. ATP: The energy-carrying molecule that is used by living organisms as ...
pyruvate
... Concentrations of pyruvate, which maintain Pdh in the active form (Pdh-a) are sufficiently high so that, in energy-rich cells, the allosterically down-regulated, high Km form of Pdh is nonetheless capable of converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. With large amounts of pyruvate in cells having high energ ...
... Concentrations of pyruvate, which maintain Pdh in the active form (Pdh-a) are sufficiently high so that, in energy-rich cells, the allosterically down-regulated, high Km form of Pdh is nonetheless capable of converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. With large amounts of pyruvate in cells having high energ ...
The Point is to Make ATP!
... Where did the glucose come from? Where did the O2 come from? Where did the CO2 come from? Where did the H2O come from? Where did the ATP come from? What else is produced that is not listed in this equation? ...
... Where did the glucose come from? Where did the O2 come from? Where did the CO2 come from? Where did the H2O come from? Where did the ATP come from? What else is produced that is not listed in this equation? ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑