Full_ppt_ch23
... Catabolic reactions are organized as stages • In Stage 1, digestion breaks down large molecules into smaller ones that enter the bloodstream. • In Stage 2, molecules in the cells are broken down to two- and three-carbon compounds ...
... Catabolic reactions are organized as stages • In Stage 1, digestion breaks down large molecules into smaller ones that enter the bloodstream. • In Stage 2, molecules in the cells are broken down to two- and three-carbon compounds ...
Lecture Test 3 Review Sheet Chapter 6 Be able to define energy
... Understand the purpose of photosynthesis, and the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs. Understand the purpose of pigments in plant cells, and that there is more than just chlorophyll a and b. Understand what wavelengths of light plants absorb, and why plants are green. Understand how the ...
... Understand the purpose of photosynthesis, and the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs. Understand the purpose of pigments in plant cells, and that there is more than just chlorophyll a and b. Understand what wavelengths of light plants absorb, and why plants are green. Understand how the ...
carbohydrate metabolism
... where galactose and fructose are conversed in glucose • Nondigestible – dietary fibers ...
... where galactose and fructose are conversed in glucose • Nondigestible – dietary fibers ...
Metabolism: An Overview
... reactions. The reactions catalyzed by allosteric enzymes that are part of anabolism or catabolism are also considered regulatory reactions because positive allosteric effectors increase the rates of these reactions and negative allosteric modulators decrease the reaction rates. There are four commo ...
... reactions. The reactions catalyzed by allosteric enzymes that are part of anabolism or catabolism are also considered regulatory reactions because positive allosteric effectors increase the rates of these reactions and negative allosteric modulators decrease the reaction rates. There are four commo ...
16-18 Cellular respiration
... The electron transport chain is made of electron carrier molecules embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Each successive carrier in the chain has a higher electronegativity than the carrier before it, so the electrons are pulled downhill towards oxygen, the final electron acceptor and the mo ...
... The electron transport chain is made of electron carrier molecules embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Each successive carrier in the chain has a higher electronegativity than the carrier before it, so the electrons are pulled downhill towards oxygen, the final electron acceptor and the mo ...
practice midterm
... 56. Which statement is TRUE regarding the light-dependent reactions? A) They rely on energy provided by glucose synthesis. B) Oxygen is required. C) Without water, the system would shut down. D) ATP and NADPH are needed. E) Without photosystem I, photosystem II could not occur. 57. Light-dependent p ...
... 56. Which statement is TRUE regarding the light-dependent reactions? A) They rely on energy provided by glucose synthesis. B) Oxygen is required. C) Without water, the system would shut down. D) ATP and NADPH are needed. E) Without photosystem I, photosystem II could not occur. 57. Light-dependent p ...
citric acid cycle
... elimination of CO2 from the malonyl group; the net effect is extension of the acyl chain by two carbons. The b-keto product of this condensation is then reduced in three more steps nearly identical to the reactions of oxidation, but in the reverse sequence: 2) The -keto group is reduced to an alc ...
... elimination of CO2 from the malonyl group; the net effect is extension of the acyl chain by two carbons. The b-keto product of this condensation is then reduced in three more steps nearly identical to the reactions of oxidation, but in the reverse sequence: 2) The -keto group is reduced to an alc ...
7. Metabolism
... which is in turn attached to fatty acid chains. c) occurs in liver cells. d) occurs in adipose cells. ...
... which is in turn attached to fatty acid chains. c) occurs in liver cells. d) occurs in adipose cells. ...
Cellular Respiration
... – a special type of tissue associated with the generation of heat and – more abundant in hibernating mammals and newborn ...
... – a special type of tissue associated with the generation of heat and – more abundant in hibernating mammals and newborn ...
biology exam review - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... a) a membrane transport protein b) a concentration gradient c) energy d) a membrane transport protein and a concentration gradient 26. Which of the following transport processes require(s) energy? a) facilitated diffusion b) osmosis c) endocytosis d) facilitated diffusion and osmosis e) facilitated ...
... a) a membrane transport protein b) a concentration gradient c) energy d) a membrane transport protein and a concentration gradient 26. Which of the following transport processes require(s) energy? a) facilitated diffusion b) osmosis c) endocytosis d) facilitated diffusion and osmosis e) facilitated ...
ENERGY SYSTEMS
... Anaerobic Respiration is how sprinters produce the energy that is used in short periods of ‘all out effort’ - high intensity. Oxygen cannot reach the muscles fast enough, so anaerobic respiration is used. Glucose Produces… ...
... Anaerobic Respiration is how sprinters produce the energy that is used in short periods of ‘all out effort’ - high intensity. Oxygen cannot reach the muscles fast enough, so anaerobic respiration is used. Glucose Produces… ...
Glucose and ATP - cloudfront.net
... Let’s take a closer look at a molecule of ATP. Although it carries less energy than glucose, its structure is more complex. The "A" in ATP refers to the majority of the molecule, adenosine, a combination of a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon sugar. The "P" indicates the three phosphates, linked by ...
... Let’s take a closer look at a molecule of ATP. Although it carries less energy than glucose, its structure is more complex. The "A" in ATP refers to the majority of the molecule, adenosine, a combination of a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon sugar. The "P" indicates the three phosphates, linked by ...
2-1 Checkpoint - Jordan High School
... – Starches—from plants – Cellulose—from cell walls of plants (fiber) – Glycogen—animal starch; chain of glucose molecules used as energy ...
... – Starches—from plants – Cellulose—from cell walls of plants (fiber) – Glycogen—animal starch; chain of glucose molecules used as energy ...
Biochemistry - english for biology
... structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules. Although there are a vast number of different biomolecules many are complex and large molecules (called polymers) that are composed of similar repeating subunits (called monom ...
... structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules. Although there are a vast number of different biomolecules many are complex and large molecules (called polymers) that are composed of similar repeating subunits (called monom ...
Chapt 6
... oxidizing glucose to pyruvate • In glycolysis, • a single molecule of glucose is enzymatically cut in half through a series of steps, • two molecules of pyruvate are produced, • two molecules of NAD+ are reduced to two molecules of NADH, and • there is a net gain of two molecules of ATP. ...
... oxidizing glucose to pyruvate • In glycolysis, • a single molecule of glucose is enzymatically cut in half through a series of steps, • two molecules of pyruvate are produced, • two molecules of NAD+ are reduced to two molecules of NADH, and • there is a net gain of two molecules of ATP. ...
Chapter 9 (Jan 27-29)
... Substrate-level phosphorylation – ATP produced from the transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP ATP made one at a time Enzyme ...
... Substrate-level phosphorylation – ATP produced from the transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP ATP made one at a time Enzyme ...
09_Lectures_PPT
... • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glyco ...
... • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glyco ...
09_Lectures_PPT
... • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glyco ...
... • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle • Fats are digested to glycerol (used in glyco ...
Carbohydrate
... - Checking pregnant woman for gestational diabetes. When done for this purpose, the test called glucose challenge screening test, and it is usually done during the 24th to the 28th week of pregnancy. - Have had gestational diabetes during a previous pregnancy. - Are younger than age 25 and were over ...
... - Checking pregnant woman for gestational diabetes. When done for this purpose, the test called glucose challenge screening test, and it is usually done during the 24th to the 28th week of pregnancy. - Have had gestational diabetes during a previous pregnancy. - Are younger than age 25 and were over ...
Lecture 11
... Oxygen debt-recovery oxygen consumptionthe difference between oxygen consumption in the post-exercise recovery phase and the oxygen consumption at rest Fuel source is limited to glucose and produces a relatively small amount of ATP relative to aerobic metabolism All out effort for 60-120 seconds ...
... Oxygen debt-recovery oxygen consumptionthe difference between oxygen consumption in the post-exercise recovery phase and the oxygen consumption at rest Fuel source is limited to glucose and produces a relatively small amount of ATP relative to aerobic metabolism All out effort for 60-120 seconds ...
Biological Molecules
... Occurs in some proteins, particularly enzymes, where different three dimensional configurations (tertiary structures) are associated with and function with each other. Example – hemoglobin (4 – 3 dimensional shapes & a central heme (iron containing) component. Hemoglobin actually exhibits all 4 stru ...
... Occurs in some proteins, particularly enzymes, where different three dimensional configurations (tertiary structures) are associated with and function with each other. Example – hemoglobin (4 – 3 dimensional shapes & a central heme (iron containing) component. Hemoglobin actually exhibits all 4 stru ...
The electron transport chain is a part of cellular respiration. The
... (D) The root cutting is undergoing photolysis in the light-dependent reactions because oxygen is being split and combined with carbon to form carbon dioxide. ...
... (D) The root cutting is undergoing photolysis in the light-dependent reactions because oxygen is being split and combined with carbon to form carbon dioxide. ...
SLG MOCK MIDTERM – FOR PRACTICE ONLY
... C) That life developed through various physical, chemical and biological processes over billions of years. D) That organic molecules that formed the building blocks of life were already present on primitive Earth. E) None of the above 27. Which of the following do all cells have? A) Nucleus B) Plasm ...
... C) That life developed through various physical, chemical and biological processes over billions of years. D) That organic molecules that formed the building blocks of life were already present on primitive Earth. E) None of the above 27. Which of the following do all cells have? A) Nucleus B) Plasm ...
Introduction to Metabolism - Louisiana Tech University
... 1. What is a polysaccharide? A disaccharide? A monosaccharide? Give some examples of monosaccharides. Which monosaccharide does the body use for energy production? 2. How is carbohydrate stored in the body? 3. What is a polypeptide? A dipeptide? An amino acid? What distinguishes an amino acid from ...
... 1. What is a polysaccharide? A disaccharide? A monosaccharide? Give some examples of monosaccharides. Which monosaccharide does the body use for energy production? 2. How is carbohydrate stored in the body? 3. What is a polypeptide? A dipeptide? An amino acid? What distinguishes an amino acid from ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑