Dehydration Synthesis
... The chain may be ____________ or unbranched and may contain different types of monosaccharides. molecular weight can be ______________, reaching 100,000 daltons or more Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are some major examples of polysaccharides important in living organisms. All are m ...
... The chain may be ____________ or unbranched and may contain different types of monosaccharides. molecular weight can be ______________, reaching 100,000 daltons or more Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are some major examples of polysaccharides important in living organisms. All are m ...
ppt
... b - Citric Acid Cycle: 2C2 (acetyl) 1. C2 (acetyl) binds to C4 (oxaloacetate), making a C6 molecule (citrate) 2. One C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts energy (NADH) 3. The second C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts the energy…at this point the acetyl group has been split!! 4. The C4 molecules ...
... b - Citric Acid Cycle: 2C2 (acetyl) 1. C2 (acetyl) binds to C4 (oxaloacetate), making a C6 molecule (citrate) 2. One C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts energy (NADH) 3. The second C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts the energy…at this point the acetyl group has been split!! 4. The C4 molecules ...
Secondary metabolism is a term for pathways and products
... physiological development of plant are widely distributed in nature and are also utilized as food by man. The secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, volatile oils etc are biosynthetically derived from primary metabolites. They represent chemical adaptations to environmental ...
... physiological development of plant are widely distributed in nature and are also utilized as food by man. The secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, volatile oils etc are biosynthetically derived from primary metabolites. They represent chemical adaptations to environmental ...
Structure of Proteins, Carbohydrates and Fats
... thousands of different proteins that exist in nature, they are all made up of different combinations of amino acids. Proteins are large molecules that may consist of hundreds, or even thousands of amino acids. Amino acids all have the general structure: The R in the diagram represents a functional g ...
... thousands of different proteins that exist in nature, they are all made up of different combinations of amino acids. Proteins are large molecules that may consist of hundreds, or even thousands of amino acids. Amino acids all have the general structure: The R in the diagram represents a functional g ...
SNAB Topic 7 Test Answers File
... The following symbols are used in the mark schemes for all questions. ; semicolon – indicates the end of a marking point. eq – indicates that credit should be given for other correct alternatives to a word or statement. / oblique – words or phrases separated by an oblique are alternatives to each ot ...
... The following symbols are used in the mark schemes for all questions. ; semicolon – indicates the end of a marking point. eq – indicates that credit should be given for other correct alternatives to a word or statement. / oblique – words or phrases separated by an oblique are alternatives to each ot ...
Chapter 5 – Homework
... ½ pt – they are different in the R group on the 4th bond. 12. Many living organisms have proteins that serve the same function. These proteins are often slightly different in their primary structure. Discuss how these proteins can have the same function, yet be different in their primary structure. ...
... ½ pt – they are different in the R group on the 4th bond. 12. Many living organisms have proteins that serve the same function. These proteins are often slightly different in their primary structure. Discuss how these proteins can have the same function, yet be different in their primary structure. ...
VI. LIGHT REACTION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS, cont
... o Visible light is a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. o Light absorbed by chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments to power reactions is not seen. Light not utilized by plant is reflected & seen by human eye. (Leaf appears green b/c it reflects green &absorbs red and blue light) o ...
... o Visible light is a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. o Light absorbed by chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments to power reactions is not seen. Light not utilized by plant is reflected & seen by human eye. (Leaf appears green b/c it reflects green &absorbs red and blue light) o ...
Anabolism
... chemical energy of the original glucose molecule. Special carrier molecules bring the high-energy electrons to a series of enzymes that convert much of the remaining energy to more ATP molecules. The other products are heat and water. The function of oxygen as the final electron acceptor in this las ...
... chemical energy of the original glucose molecule. Special carrier molecules bring the high-energy electrons to a series of enzymes that convert much of the remaining energy to more ATP molecules. The other products are heat and water. The function of oxygen as the final electron acceptor in this las ...
Chap21
... Proteins don’t last forever; in fact, some are quite short-lived • Thus there must be a mechanism for the cell to recycle the “broken” protein’s amino acids and not have to synthesize new amino acids, which is energetically more expensive. • Shortest-lived enzymes tend to be the ones that catalyze ...
... Proteins don’t last forever; in fact, some are quite short-lived • Thus there must be a mechanism for the cell to recycle the “broken” protein’s amino acids and not have to synthesize new amino acids, which is energetically more expensive. • Shortest-lived enzymes tend to be the ones that catalyze ...
Part 2
... b - Citric Acid Cycle: 2C2 (acetyl) 1. C2 (acetyl) binds to C4 (oxaloacetate), making a C6 molecule (citrate) 2. One C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts energy (NADH) 3. The second C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts the energy…at this point the acetyl group has been split!! 4. The C4 molecules ...
... b - Citric Acid Cycle: 2C2 (acetyl) 1. C2 (acetyl) binds to C4 (oxaloacetate), making a C6 molecule (citrate) 2. One C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts energy (NADH) 3. The second C is broken off (CO2) and NAD accepts the energy…at this point the acetyl group has been split!! 4. The C4 molecules ...
Supplemental notes in pdf
... contain only ~1% glycogen by weight. Therefore, glycogen stores in any one muscle group become depleted when muscle contraction continues beyond about an hour. As glucose levels decline, the muscle tissue becomes more dependent on fatty acids released from adipose tissue, and on ketone bodies produc ...
... contain only ~1% glycogen by weight. Therefore, glycogen stores in any one muscle group become depleted when muscle contraction continues beyond about an hour. As glucose levels decline, the muscle tissue becomes more dependent on fatty acids released from adipose tissue, and on ketone bodies produc ...
How organisms get energy - Fall River Public Schools
... negative H+ ions then move through a protein channel called ATP synthase from inside the thylakoid to outside the thylakoid This movement causes ATP synthase to spin As it spins, it adds a phosphate group to ADP, creating ATP ...
... negative H+ ions then move through a protein channel called ATP synthase from inside the thylakoid to outside the thylakoid This movement causes ATP synthase to spin As it spins, it adds a phosphate group to ADP, creating ATP ...
Biochemistry - DENTISTRY 2012
... - if we want to take by grams we divide the (129 ATP ) / number of gram per one mole of ATP = ATP/gram ...
... - if we want to take by grams we divide the (129 ATP ) / number of gram per one mole of ATP = ATP/gram ...
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life
... Key source of energy Found in foods – fruits, vegetables, grains Monosaccharides: simple sugars, the building ...
... Key source of energy Found in foods – fruits, vegetables, grains Monosaccharides: simple sugars, the building ...
Regulation of Metabolism
... • Some glucose is reused to form glycogen. • Only need about 150 g/day. • Average daily turnover for protein is 150 g/day. • Some protein may be reused for protein synthesis. • Only need 35 g/day. • 9 essential amino acids. • Average daily turnover for fats is 100 g/day. • Little is actually require ...
... • Some glucose is reused to form glycogen. • Only need about 150 g/day. • Average daily turnover for protein is 150 g/day. • Some protein may be reused for protein synthesis. • Only need 35 g/day. • 9 essential amino acids. • Average daily turnover for fats is 100 g/day. • Little is actually require ...
Lecture PPT
... OR a or b labels or 14C (3H) labels on adenine Separation of labeled Pi from labeled ATP ...
... OR a or b labels or 14C (3H) labels on adenine Separation of labeled Pi from labeled ATP ...
Printable PDF
... science-related PowerPoints, articles and images. The site is designed to be a helpful resource for students, educators, and anyone interested in learning about science. • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture Power ...
... science-related PowerPoints, articles and images. The site is designed to be a helpful resource for students, educators, and anyone interested in learning about science. • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture Power ...
Mathematics Semester 1 Study Guide
... reactions of photosynthesis and in cellular respiration? a. O2 in both. B. CO2 in both c. H2O in the light reactions and O2 in respiration d. NADP+ in the light reactions and NAD+ or FAD in respiration e. NADP+ in the light reactions and O2 in respiration Indicate if the following events occur durin ...
... reactions of photosynthesis and in cellular respiration? a. O2 in both. B. CO2 in both c. H2O in the light reactions and O2 in respiration d. NADP+ in the light reactions and NAD+ or FAD in respiration e. NADP+ in the light reactions and O2 in respiration Indicate if the following events occur durin ...
Chapter 4 Physiology of Cells
... – Channels are specific—allow only one type of solute to pass through • Gated channels may be open or closed (or inactive)—may be triggered by any of a variety of stimuli • Channels allow membranes to be selectively permeable • Carriers attract and bind to the solute, change shape, and release the s ...
... – Channels are specific—allow only one type of solute to pass through • Gated channels may be open or closed (or inactive)—may be triggered by any of a variety of stimuli • Channels allow membranes to be selectively permeable • Carriers attract and bind to the solute, change shape, and release the s ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑