Energy for Cells
... mobile carriers (orange arrow). What happens to the hydrogen ions (H) carried by NADH and FADH2? The complexes use the energy released by oxidationreduction to pump H from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space located between the outer and inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The pum ...
... mobile carriers (orange arrow). What happens to the hydrogen ions (H) carried by NADH and FADH2? The complexes use the energy released by oxidationreduction to pump H from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space located between the outer and inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The pum ...
Option B Rev A
... Fate of Lactate: Not the bad guy it was always made out to be! Lactate accumulates in blood as rate of muscle production exceeds rate of clearance/utilization Lactate formation is NOT the cause of the lowering of muscle pH that occurs during exercise – Lactate accumulation occurs simultaneously ...
... Fate of Lactate: Not the bad guy it was always made out to be! Lactate accumulates in blood as rate of muscle production exceeds rate of clearance/utilization Lactate formation is NOT the cause of the lowering of muscle pH that occurs during exercise – Lactate accumulation occurs simultaneously ...
Introduction to Lab Ex. 17: Fermentation of Carbohydrates F
... Introduction to Lab Ex. 17 – Fermentation Of Carbohydrates: F-tubes Carbohydrates are good sources of energy for organisms. These compounds, mostly in the form of sugars, are used by bacteria in a variety of processes. The most efficient metabolic process to harvest the energy from sugars is aerobi ...
... Introduction to Lab Ex. 17 – Fermentation Of Carbohydrates: F-tubes Carbohydrates are good sources of energy for organisms. These compounds, mostly in the form of sugars, are used by bacteria in a variety of processes. The most efficient metabolic process to harvest the energy from sugars is aerobi ...
Mitochondria
... transport proteins which make it selectively permeable to those small molecules that are metabolized in the matrix space. 10. Matrix enzymes include those that metabolise pyruvate and fatty acids to produce acetylCoA, and those that utilise acetylCoA in the Citric Acid Cycle. Principal end products ...
... transport proteins which make it selectively permeable to those small molecules that are metabolized in the matrix space. 10. Matrix enzymes include those that metabolise pyruvate and fatty acids to produce acetylCoA, and those that utilise acetylCoA in the Citric Acid Cycle. Principal end products ...
Introduction_to_Enzymes (1)
... • Everyone should -explain why enzymes are necessary for life -state that enzymes are made of protein • Most people will -understand that an enzyme is a biological catalyst • Some people might -be able to write out word equations for enzyme reactions ...
... • Everyone should -explain why enzymes are necessary for life -state that enzymes are made of protein • Most people will -understand that an enzyme is a biological catalyst • Some people might -be able to write out word equations for enzyme reactions ...
CH # 9-3
... Fermentation is a process by which energy can be released from food molecules in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. ...
... Fermentation is a process by which energy can be released from food molecules in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. ...
Lab 5 Sugar Fermentation in Yeast
... alcoholic beverages. Yeast is able to metabolize some foods, but not others. In order for an organism to make use of a potential source of food, it must be capable of transporting the food into its cells. It must also have the proper enzymes capable of breaking the food’s chemical bonds in a useful ...
... alcoholic beverages. Yeast is able to metabolize some foods, but not others. In order for an organism to make use of a potential source of food, it must be capable of transporting the food into its cells. It must also have the proper enzymes capable of breaking the food’s chemical bonds in a useful ...
Energy Transfer Review notes
... During cellular respiration, most energy flows in this sequence: glucose NADH electron transport chain proton-motive force ATP ...
... During cellular respiration, most energy flows in this sequence: glucose NADH electron transport chain proton-motive force ATP ...
Fermentation - Spencer Community Schools
... Fermentation is a process by which energy can be released from food molecules in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. ...
... Fermentation is a process by which energy can be released from food molecules in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. ...
CHE 102 - Homework - Ch 30a Enzymes Name: Date: 1. Define
... 8. Define ”Feedback Inhibition” and ”Feedforward Activation”. (Use complete sentences) ...
... 8. Define ”Feedback Inhibition” and ”Feedforward Activation”. (Use complete sentences) ...
Lecture_12
... The reaction proceeds through a Schiff base intermediate that becomes protonated and is subsequently reduced by NADPH or NADH. The hydride transfer yields only L-glutamate. ...
... The reaction proceeds through a Schiff base intermediate that becomes protonated and is subsequently reduced by NADPH or NADH. The hydride transfer yields only L-glutamate. ...
PPT_Biochemistry_Short_Course
... FYI: Using Glycogen If your blood sugar (glucose) gets too high: Your body stores it in your liver and skeletal ...
... FYI: Using Glycogen If your blood sugar (glucose) gets too high: Your body stores it in your liver and skeletal ...
• Sources of glucose • Phases of glucose homeostasis • Hormones
... glucose in this phase Gluconeogenesis from lactate,pyruvate, alanine and glycerol . In Phase IV Brain uses both glucose and KB for energy. Gluconeogenesis also starts to • decrease. Phase V All body tissues mainly use FA and KB oxidation for energy production • InInsulin which is synthesized in the ...
... glucose in this phase Gluconeogenesis from lactate,pyruvate, alanine and glycerol . In Phase IV Brain uses both glucose and KB for energy. Gluconeogenesis also starts to • decrease. Phase V All body tissues mainly use FA and KB oxidation for energy production • InInsulin which is synthesized in the ...
File
... A lack of this enzyme causes lactose intolerance. The lactose can’t be broken down and acts as a great food source for gut bacteria. The amount of lactase mammals produce tends to decrease with maturity however humans have evolved to keep producing the enzyme into adulthood due to the amount of milk ...
... A lack of this enzyme causes lactose intolerance. The lactose can’t be broken down and acts as a great food source for gut bacteria. The amount of lactase mammals produce tends to decrease with maturity however humans have evolved to keep producing the enzyme into adulthood due to the amount of milk ...
video slide - Green River Community College
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Topic 3.2: Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins
... serve many functions. • Triglyceride lipids – Solid form as fats – Liquid form as oils ...
... serve many functions. • Triglyceride lipids – Solid form as fats – Liquid form as oils ...
Can you describe the various methods of cell membrane transport?
... The enzymes for glycolysis are in the cytosol of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. ...
... The enzymes for glycolysis are in the cytosol of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. ...
MASTERY 2.01 ______ 2.04 ______ Biology I Name: Unit 2
... of energy between bonds. D. A nucleic acid is the building block of a carbohydrate. 38. Mariah is trying to convince her best friend that the function of a protein is important to a carbohydrate. Which of the following statements could she use to explain the relationship between the two organic ...
... of energy between bonds. D. A nucleic acid is the building block of a carbohydrate. 38. Mariah is trying to convince her best friend that the function of a protein is important to a carbohydrate. Which of the following statements could she use to explain the relationship between the two organic ...
CHAPTER 6
... • Plant and some bacteria can use acetate as the only source of carbon for all the carbon compounds • plants and some bacteria employ a modification of the TCA cycle called the glyoxylate cycle to produce four-carbon compounds from acetylCoA • The CO2-producting steps are bypassed and an extra aceta ...
... • Plant and some bacteria can use acetate as the only source of carbon for all the carbon compounds • plants and some bacteria employ a modification of the TCA cycle called the glyoxylate cycle to produce four-carbon compounds from acetylCoA • The CO2-producting steps are bypassed and an extra aceta ...
Slide 1
... reduced) and a carboxylic acid polar group. Different kinds of fatty acids play very important structural (as major component of membrane structures) and functional role. In this part of discussion we will mainly focus of the digestion, transport and catabolism of triglycerides. Although other lipid ...
... reduced) and a carboxylic acid polar group. Different kinds of fatty acids play very important structural (as major component of membrane structures) and functional role. In this part of discussion we will mainly focus of the digestion, transport and catabolism of triglycerides. Although other lipid ...
Topic 1 - Manhasset Public Schools
... it can lead to coma and even death. The body has a variety of feedback mechanisms that assist in regulating water and sodium concentrations in the blood. The kidneys play a major role in these mechanisms, as they filter the blood and produce urine. 21. Many runners pour water on their bodies during ...
... it can lead to coma and even death. The body has a variety of feedback mechanisms that assist in regulating water and sodium concentrations in the blood. The kidneys play a major role in these mechanisms, as they filter the blood and produce urine. 21. Many runners pour water on their bodies during ...
Fuel Basics
... Most often, it is a combination of the 3 energy systems that supply ATP to your muscle. The body has limited storage of ATP (lasts 2-3 seconds) so it must be supplied by these energy systems for your muscle to work. ...
... Most often, it is a combination of the 3 energy systems that supply ATP to your muscle. The body has limited storage of ATP (lasts 2-3 seconds) so it must be supplied by these energy systems for your muscle to work. ...
Microbiology - Problem Drill 05: Microbial Metabolism Question No
... Question 8. In REDOX reactions molecules are either oxidized or reduced. Which of the following statements is true of oxidation reduction processes? Reduction reactions trap chemical energy. In reduction the substrate gains electrons and hydrogens. ...
... Question 8. In REDOX reactions molecules are either oxidized or reduced. Which of the following statements is true of oxidation reduction processes? Reduction reactions trap chemical energy. In reduction the substrate gains electrons and hydrogens. ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑