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1 - contentextra
1 - contentextra

Unit 2 Test Review
Unit 2 Test Review

... Organic compound that is the building block of organisms; made of amino acids Number (from 0-14) measuring the amount of hydrogen ions in a solution Molecules made during chemical reactions; on the right side of the equation A chemical that releases hydrogen ions in a solution Chemicals centered aro ...
Acidaminococcus fermentans
Acidaminococcus fermentans

... The strictly anaerobe Acidaminococcus fermentans is a non-pathogenic clostridial bacterium commonly ...
Protein Synthesis PPT
Protein Synthesis PPT

... • They code for 20 amino acids • If two bases coded for one amino acid, there wouldn’t be enough, only 16 • Three bases coding for each amino acid is just right, 64 possible combinations. • A set of 3 DNA bases that code for one amino acid is referred to as a codon. ...
Natural Polymers - Wikispaces
Natural Polymers - Wikispaces

...  Enzymes consists of the chemistry inside living organisms  Peptides consists of some of the more interesting structural components of skin, hair, etc. ...
Cellular metabolism
Cellular metabolism

... Cellular metabolism Protein synthesis How is protein synthesis similar to the catalysis of a reaction by an enzyme? Protein synthesis is a series of chemical reactions in which molecules are brought into contact with one another and chemical bonds are formed and broken. The key event in protein syn ...
Name:______________________________ Biochemistry I-First Exam
Name:______________________________ Biochemistry I-First Exam

... b) disulfide bonds (S-S) in proteins can be reduced with b-mercaptoethanol. c) Urea is not an effective reagent for protein denaturation. d) 100% enzyme activity corresponds to the native 11. Which of the following is most correct: a) Charged amino acids are never buried in the interior of a protein ...
Introduction to 9th Grade Biology
Introduction to 9th Grade Biology

... Saturated and Unsaturated Fats • Unsaturated fats : – liquid at room temp – one or more double bonds between carbons in the fatty acids allows for “kinks” in the tails – most plant fats ...
Fishy Genetics: From DNA to Protein: The Central Dogma of Biology
Fishy Genetics: From DNA to Protein: The Central Dogma of Biology

... &  G.    ​Proteins​  are  long  chain  molecules  (polymers)  that  are  made  of  ​amino  acids​  (monomers).    There  are  20   different  amino  acids.    Protein  synthesis  is  the  process  of  reading  the  DNA  code  and  building  the  protein  called   for  by  the  code.    The  molecule ...
MS Word File
MS Word File

... Nonpolar (hydrophobic):glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and proline ...
Slide ()
Slide ()

... Pathways, enzymes, and coenzymes involved in the homocystinurias. Methionine transfers a methyl group during its conversion to homocysteine. Defects in methyl transfer or in the subsequent metabolism of homocysteine by the pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6)-dependent cystathionine β-synthase increase ...
Slide ()
Slide ()

... Pathways, enzymes, and coenzymes involved in the homocystinurias. Methionine transfers a methyl group during its conversion to homocysteine. Defects in methyl transfer or in the subsequent metabolism of homocysteine by the pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6)-dependent cystathionine β-synthase increase ...
BioMI 2900
BioMI 2900

... Learn net reaction ...
HERE
HERE

... Step 2 • mRNA leaves the nucleus and takes the instructions to the ribosome. ...
Lecture2-2010
Lecture2-2010

... Both His12 and His119 are protonated in the enzymeinhibitor complex. The proton is protected from exchange by the presence of the inhibitor. Need to go to higher pH to remove it. ...
NS 315 Unit 6: Proteins
NS 315 Unit 6: Proteins

...  Protein: Large organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid groups ...
JMT Coffee
JMT Coffee

... formation of bones cartilages, hair teeth and nails. The mucin content in threonine, serine and proline which account for 20% to 55% of the total amino acid content in the intestines is responsible for this activity.  Threonine is responsible for the growth and development of liver muscles, skeleta ...
L1 Protein composition-amino acids - e
L1 Protein composition-amino acids - e

... properties: rotate plane-polarized light. The equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of AA is called racemate or racemic mixture. It does not have any optical properties. All protein molecules are composed of the L-forms of AA. D-forms of the AA have been found in small peptides in some ...
Protein degradation in mouse brain slices
Protein degradation in mouse brain slices

... a role for neurotoxic and unusual neuroexitatory amino acids in the aetiology of certain neurodegenerative disordcrs (Spencer er ul., 1987). This has led us to speculate whether those amino acids that are implicated as possible causativc o r contributory agents in these diseases, might also be invol ...
Daily Trivia - James B. Conant High School
Daily Trivia - James B. Conant High School

... RNA is single stranded : DNA is double stranded RNA is made of the sugar Ribose – DNA is made of deoxyribose RNA has Uracil instead of Thymine – Both DNA and RNA have four nitrogen bases the difference is U vs T ...
chapter 19 addendum
chapter 19 addendum

... off, rearranging to form a phenylthiohydantoin. This can be compared to a standard, and the amino acid identified. Each amino acid is removed from the N terminus and identified this way… and the process is automated on a machine. ...
Proteins
Proteins

... (b) emphasizing pleats and location of R groups. ...
What are you made of?
What are you made of?

... has 3 letters and one amino acid 3 letters = codon Happens in ribosomes ...
Long-term adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the
Long-term adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the

... Time-course analysis of intracellular profiles of central carbon metabolite in the IAP-expressing strain C.U17 and the reference strain C.WT in chemostat cultivations. The metabolite concentrations in C.U17 (IAP, green) and C.WT (WT, black) were log2-scaled and normalized to the initial concentratio ...
Amino Acid Answers: 1. Determine if the amino acids shown are of
Amino Acid Answers: 1. Determine if the amino acids shown are of

... acidic neutral neutral basic Compounds containing the carboxylic acid functional group in their side chain are acidic amino acids. Compounds containing amines in their side chair are basic amino acids. Those side chains containing alkyl groups, alcohols, or even sulfur-containing groups are neutral. ...
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Amino acid synthesis

Amino acid synthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the various amino acids are produced from other compounds. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesise all amino acids. Humans are excellent example of this, since humans can only synthesise 11 of the 20 standard amino acids (aka non-essential amino acid), and in time of accelerated growth, arginine, can be considered an essential amino acid.A fundamental problem for biological systems is to obtain nitrogen in an easily usable form. This problem is solved by certain microorganisms capable of reducing the inert N≡N molecule (nitrogen gas) to two molecules of ammonia in one of the most remarkable reactions in biochemistry. Ammonia is the source of nitrogen for all the amino acids. The carbon backbones come from the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, or the citric acid cycle.In amino acid production, one encounters an important problem in biosynthesis, namely stereochemical control. Because all amino acids except glycine are chiral, biosynthetic pathways must generate the correct isomer with high fidelity. In each of the 19 pathways for the generation of chiral amino acids, the stereochemistry at the α-carbon atom is established by a transamination reaction that involves pyridoxal phosphate. Almost all the transaminases that catalyze these reactions descend from a common ancestor, illustrating once again that effective solutions to biochemical problems are retained throughout evolution.Biosynthetic pathways are often highly regulated such that building-blocks are synthesized only when supplies are low. Very often, a high concentration of the final product of a pathway inhibits the activity of enzymes that function early in the pathway. Often present are allosteric enzymes capable of sensing and responding to concentrations of regulatory species. These enzymes are similar in functional properties to aspartate transcarbamoylase and its regulators. Feedback and allosteric mechanisms ensure that all twenty amino acids are maintained in sufficient amounts for protein synthesis and other processes.
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