Chapter 6 Microbial Genetics
... DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) is made of subunits called nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of 3 components. These 3 components are linked together with a covalent bond. E. Coli = 4.6 million nucleotide pairs (~1mm) Corn = 2.5 billion nucleotide pairs Human = 3 billion nucleotide pairs (2nm wide by 2 me ...
... DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) is made of subunits called nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of 3 components. These 3 components are linked together with a covalent bond. E. Coli = 4.6 million nucleotide pairs (~1mm) Corn = 2.5 billion nucleotide pairs Human = 3 billion nucleotide pairs (2nm wide by 2 me ...
From Genes to Proteins
... • The building blocks of proteins are amino acids. • They have many different functions. They can be enzymes, hormones, or any of a number of substances your body needs. • Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. ...
... • The building blocks of proteins are amino acids. • They have many different functions. They can be enzymes, hormones, or any of a number of substances your body needs. • Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. ...
II - Humble ISD
... B. tRNA The function of tRNA is to transfer the _____________________ specified by the __________________ to the ____________________ for protein synthesis. The _______________ of the cell is stocked with all 20 amino acids required for protein synthesis. The tRNA molecule carries an ______________ ...
... B. tRNA The function of tRNA is to transfer the _____________________ specified by the __________________ to the ____________________ for protein synthesis. The _______________ of the cell is stocked with all 20 amino acids required for protein synthesis. The tRNA molecule carries an ______________ ...
CHEM523 Test 3
... Your answers must be well organized and concise. You have 75 minutes to complete the exam. 1) (10 points) Draw the mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase that occurs between deoxyribose at the end of a DNA chain and a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate. Include the chemical structure of ...
... Your answers must be well organized and concise. You have 75 minutes to complete the exam. 1) (10 points) Draw the mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase that occurs between deoxyribose at the end of a DNA chain and a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate. Include the chemical structure of ...
Chp5B - OoCities
... Base-pairing rules are that adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T); guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C). Two strands of DNA are complimentary and thus can serve as templates to make new complementary strands. It is this mechanism of precise copying that ...
... Base-pairing rules are that adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T); guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C). Two strands of DNA are complimentary and thus can serve as templates to make new complementary strands. It is this mechanism of precise copying that ...
DNA Replication
... Components of DNA • NUCLEOTIDE – Phosphate group-phosphodiester bond – 5-Carbon sugar-deoxyribose – nucleic acid (1 of the nucleic acids) • Guanine-Purine • Cytosine-Pyrimidines • Adenine-Purine • Thymine-Pyrimidines • Held by hydrogen bonds • One end of chain with free 5’ phosphate group • Other e ...
... Components of DNA • NUCLEOTIDE – Phosphate group-phosphodiester bond – 5-Carbon sugar-deoxyribose – nucleic acid (1 of the nucleic acids) • Guanine-Purine • Cytosine-Pyrimidines • Adenine-Purine • Thymine-Pyrimidines • Held by hydrogen bonds • One end of chain with free 5’ phosphate group • Other e ...
anth-260-midterm-review-sheet
... • According to Boyd and Silk, stabilizing selection tends to prevent traits of organisms changing over time. a. True b. False ...
... • According to Boyd and Silk, stabilizing selection tends to prevent traits of organisms changing over time. a. True b. False ...
rss_genetics_lesson
... • 3 types: • messenger RNA: mRNA carries the DNA nucleotide sequence for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome • transfer RNA: tRNA transports amino acids (building blocks of proteins) to the ribosome • ribosomal RNA: rRNA makes up the structure of the ribosome ...
... • 3 types: • messenger RNA: mRNA carries the DNA nucleotide sequence for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome • transfer RNA: tRNA transports amino acids (building blocks of proteins) to the ribosome • ribosomal RNA: rRNA makes up the structure of the ribosome ...
Searching for the “Secret of Life”
... the base pairs No T (thymine) so when it reads the nucleotide A on DNA it matches it with U (Uracil). ...
... the base pairs No T (thymine) so when it reads the nucleotide A on DNA it matches it with U (Uracil). ...
Genetics Science Learning Center
... 25. What word is used to describe having two of the same alleles? _________________________ What letters would be used to describe someone with a straight thumb? _______ 26. What letters would be used to describe a heterozygous combination? _________ 27. What combination of alleles are possible in a ...
... 25. What word is used to describe having two of the same alleles? _________________________ What letters would be used to describe someone with a straight thumb? _______ 26. What letters would be used to describe a heterozygous combination? _________ 27. What combination of alleles are possible in a ...
Lipids and Proteins
... - There are __________ types of amino acids. Our bodies naturally make __________, but we must eat certain foods to obtain the other __________. - Proteins are different from carbs and lipids because they contain the element _________________ in them. They also sometimes contain __________________. ...
... - There are __________ types of amino acids. Our bodies naturally make __________, but we must eat certain foods to obtain the other __________. - Proteins are different from carbs and lipids because they contain the element _________________ in them. They also sometimes contain __________________. ...
Sample Exam #2 ( file)
... A. responsible for making sure DNA replication does not produce mutations. B. used to translate an mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a protein. C. the code geneticists use to let A stand for adenine, G for guanine, C for cytosine, and T for thymidine. D. sequences of one, two or three bases depen ...
... A. responsible for making sure DNA replication does not produce mutations. B. used to translate an mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a protein. C. the code geneticists use to let A stand for adenine, G for guanine, C for cytosine, and T for thymidine. D. sequences of one, two or three bases depen ...
Discovering the genetic material
... which is heat-resistant, could get into the R cells, providing new genetic information. The proteins were denatured int he heat-killed S cells, so proteins could not carry the genetic information. 2., The phage infection experiments (of Hershey and Chase, 1952) DNA virus ...
... which is heat-resistant, could get into the R cells, providing new genetic information. The proteins were denatured int he heat-killed S cells, so proteins could not carry the genetic information. 2., The phage infection experiments (of Hershey and Chase, 1952) DNA virus ...
DNA RNA Lecture Website
... 2. There are ___ different nucleotides (since there are four different nitrogenous bases). three nucleotides in 3. It was discovered that ______________ amino acid sequence must specify each __________. This would provide for ___ 64 possible combinations of amino acids. triplet of nucleotides is cal ...
... 2. There are ___ different nucleotides (since there are four different nitrogenous bases). three nucleotides in 3. It was discovered that ______________ amino acid sequence must specify each __________. This would provide for ___ 64 possible combinations of amino acids. triplet of nucleotides is cal ...
1) Which residues prefer helix, strand, turn:
... 3) Cys, Pro, Trp, Met, His, Gly are more special than the other 14 amino acids. Why? Which special things do you know about each of them? Cys: Bridges; reactive, can bind metals Pro: ring of N-Ca with side chain; therefore less flexible than the 19 others. And therefore has no H on backbone N. Trp: ...
... 3) Cys, Pro, Trp, Met, His, Gly are more special than the other 14 amino acids. Why? Which special things do you know about each of them? Cys: Bridges; reactive, can bind metals Pro: ring of N-Ca with side chain; therefore less flexible than the 19 others. And therefore has no H on backbone N. Trp: ...
Final
... The autosomal genes cinnabar and brown in Drosophila encode proteins required for eye pigments. When the recessive allele of the sex-linked white gene is homozygous or hemizygous, however, neither pigment is actually visible in the fly's eye. What is this relationship among different gene called? ...
... The autosomal genes cinnabar and brown in Drosophila encode proteins required for eye pigments. When the recessive allele of the sex-linked white gene is homozygous or hemizygous, however, neither pigment is actually visible in the fly's eye. What is this relationship among different gene called? ...
Chapter 1 The Framework of Biology
... Messenger RNA, mRNA, transfer RNA, tRNA, and ribosomal RNA, rRNA, are all involved in protein synthesis. rRNA molecules may be called ribozymes. DNA directs the synthesis of proteins by the process of transcription and translation. The genetic code is comprised of sets of three bases called codons. ...
... Messenger RNA, mRNA, transfer RNA, tRNA, and ribosomal RNA, rRNA, are all involved in protein synthesis. rRNA molecules may be called ribozymes. DNA directs the synthesis of proteins by the process of transcription and translation. The genetic code is comprised of sets of three bases called codons. ...
File - MRS. WILSON Science
... instructions are not made directly into proteins. First, a DNA message is converted into RNA in a process called transcription. Then, the RNA message is converted into proteins in a process called translation. The relationship between these molecules and processes is summed up in the central dogma, ...
... instructions are not made directly into proteins. First, a DNA message is converted into RNA in a process called transcription. Then, the RNA message is converted into proteins in a process called translation. The relationship between these molecules and processes is summed up in the central dogma, ...
Lecture 4 - ISP 2016
... Box 3: Aptamers, in vitro evolution Aptamer - oligonucleotide or peptide that binds to a specific target molecule. ...
... Box 3: Aptamers, in vitro evolution Aptamer - oligonucleotide or peptide that binds to a specific target molecule. ...
Site-specific recombination mechanisms exploit DNA
... Putte (Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Leiden University) determined that bacteriophage (Mu) changes its host range through expression of different tail fibers by changing the orientation of a specific DNA segment, the G segment, in its genome1. The phage-encoded Gin recombinase protein specifical ...
... Putte (Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Leiden University) determined that bacteriophage (Mu) changes its host range through expression of different tail fibers by changing the orientation of a specific DNA segment, the G segment, in its genome1. The phage-encoded Gin recombinase protein specifical ...
Regents Review Sheet 1
... Mutation: Alteration of DNA resulting in a misshapen protein (chemicals & radiation.) Gel Electrophoresis: A restriction enzyme cuts the DNA at a specific base sequence. The fragments migrate towards the positive end of the gel (DNA is negatively charged). The smaller fragments move faster. Species ...
... Mutation: Alteration of DNA resulting in a misshapen protein (chemicals & radiation.) Gel Electrophoresis: A restriction enzyme cuts the DNA at a specific base sequence. The fragments migrate towards the positive end of the gel (DNA is negatively charged). The smaller fragments move faster. Species ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.