• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
DNA_Project - Berkeley Cosmology Group
DNA_Project - Berkeley Cosmology Group

... We did all about DNA. So to start off: DNA is made from a nucleotides which are made from phosphate, a sugar, and one of four nitrogenous bases. The four nitrogenous bases are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. Based on this cytosine bonds with guanine, and thymine binds with guanine to form b ...
Chapter 25: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 25: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

... A ribosome has a binding site for mRNA as well as binding sites for two tRNA molecules at a time. As the ribosome moves down the mRNA molecule, new tRNAs arrive, and a polypeptide forms and grows longer. Translation terminates once the polypeptide is fully formed; the ribosome separates into two su ...
DrMoran
DrMoran

...  Long stretches of DNA make up genes.  Genes make different things for our body.  They are packaged up into chromosomes  Chromosomes are like a big recipe box for our bodies and DNA is the recipe! ...
Causes
Causes

... radioactive elements in 1898 • first discovered mutagenic agent known -effects on genes first reported in 1920s in Drosophila (Muller) BIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT ...
Chapters 2
Chapters 2

... Proteins-large complex molecules are major building blocks of all living organisms. Discuss the following in relation to proteins: a. The chemical composition and levels of structures of proteins b. The roles of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis c. The role of proteins in regulating chemical reaction ...
Types of RNA
Types of RNA

... (Lipids, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids) ...
Bio 1 Unit Objectives Protein Synthesis Readings
Bio 1 Unit Objectives Protein Synthesis Readings

... Exploring Life: Chapter 11 Online Activities ...
DNA - Hermantown
DNA - Hermantown

... region of gene • RNA polymerase unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA • RNA polymerase adds complementary RNA nucleotides • RNA polymerase reaches a sequence of nucleotides on the gene that signals “stop” • RNA polymerase detaches ...
DNA paper 1 - DavidHein-CESRC-page
DNA paper 1 - DavidHein-CESRC-page

... called complementary base pairs. Adenine and Guanine are purines and Thymine and Cytosine are pyrimidines. The pyrimidines and purines are bonded together with hydrogen bonds. The pairs are held on with deoxyribose and phosphate molecules in a sequence that curves to make a double helix. Replication ...
Genetic_Engineers_Mini
Genetic_Engineers_Mini

... the copying of an original type ...
Journey Into dna
Journey Into dna

... molecule. Nucleosome: Double helix: Which two scientists used Rosalind Franklin’s photo 51 to piece together the first accurate model of DNA? The structure of DNA resembles a _____________ ______________. DNA bases: Name the base for each abbreviation: T= A= C= G= A always pairs up with ____________ ...
Chemistry of the cell - University of Bristol
Chemistry of the cell - University of Bristol

... RNA can not only carry information but also perform functions, similar to proteins: in the ribosome where the proteins are made it is the RNA which obviously joins the amino acids together. There are also “rybozymes” – species of RNA which can attack and destroy other RNAs. Nucleotides give rise to ...
DNA to Protein Synthesis Internet Quest
DNA to Protein Synthesis Internet Quest

... 7.   Click  and  read  slides  9  –  14.  Using  slide  14,  illustrate  how  the  mRNA  molecule  is  “read”  and  used  to  build  a   polypeptide  chain  (protein)  during  translation.  Label  the  following  terms:  ribosome,  mRNA ...
DNA
DNA

... • The energy source is a nucleoside triphosphate. • This molecule is similar to ATP except the sugar is deoxyribose and the sugar in ATP is ribose. • The energy comes from the hydrolysis of the phosphate tail. ...
Class Outline 1. Understanding polynucleotide structure (Read) 2
Class Outline 1. Understanding polynucleotide structure (Read) 2

... Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses. DNA along with RNA and proteins, is one of the three major macromolecules(large complex molecules) essential for all known forms of ...
DNA- The Molecule of Life
DNA- The Molecule of Life

...  Translocation: When one part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.  Non-disjunction: Means “not coming apart”. When homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis. ...
BIOTECHNOLOGY
BIOTECHNOLOGY

... 3. The two cells were fused by electricity. Simulating a fertilization event only in this case the DNA is from one parent. 4. The embryo was implanted into a surrogate mother sheep  Dolly (with the exact DNA from the original udder cell. Gel Electrophoresis: a technique that allows separating and s ...
Biochemistry
Biochemistry

... Describe what isotopes are and how radioactive isotopes are used in biology Describe the difference between a covalent and an ionic bond and explain why bonds are important. Explain the difference between acids and bases and be able to identify an acid or base by its position on the pH scale. Also e ...
DNA extraction activity
DNA extraction activity

...  Open jar and slowly pour mixture into filter  Let solution collect in bottom of cup  Throw away filter with junk in it  Look carefully at your DNA solution  Not that impressive, is it! ...
CH 5 - shsbiology
CH 5 - shsbiology

... • Saturated: contain maxi # of H & solid at room temp., common in animals • Unsaturated: less than max # of H, liquid at room temp., common in plants • Oils= liquid at room temperature • Insulate body for temperature • Store energy ...
macromolecules - BHSBiology-Cox
macromolecules - BHSBiology-Cox

... Other ...
File
File

... __29. Cholesterol is the base molecule that will form which product? a. hormones ...
CHAPTER 11.1
CHAPTER 11.1

... double helix are AGTCGG, what are the six bases on the complementary section of the other strand of DNA? ...
PCR Lab Notes
PCR Lab Notes

... There are 23 pairs of chromosomes which contains 30,000 to 50,000 genes. These genes only comprise about 5 % of chromosomal DNA. The other 95% is non-coding DNA. The sequence with the genes are introns, which is transcribed into RNA but in the end do not make a protein. ...
Chapter 1 Answers
Chapter 1 Answers

... During interphase the DNA is not visible through a microscope; it only becomes visible as chromosomes during mitosis. Why isn’t the DNA visible during interphase and why would this be the case? The DNA is not visible during interphase because during this phase, portions are being used in transcripti ...
< 1 ... 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 ... 1036 >

Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report