![2.1 Carbohydrates - SandyBiology1-2](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008289843_1-d6484336eed8ecbe1c9899b62b181d65-300x300.png)
2.1 Carbohydrates - SandyBiology1-2
... monomers in a polymer are disassembled by hydrolysis. – In hydrolysis as the covalent bond is broken a hydrogen atom and hydroxyl group from a split water molecule attaches where the covalent bond used to be. ...
... monomers in a polymer are disassembled by hydrolysis. – In hydrolysis as the covalent bond is broken a hydrogen atom and hydroxyl group from a split water molecule attaches where the covalent bond used to be. ...
Chemical Basis of Life (Chapter 2) Matter
... 1. Fatty Acids: chain of 4 to 24 carbon atoms with carboxyl group at one end and methyl group at other. Classified as: o Saturated (Ex: Palmitic acid has so much hydrogen as it can carry-no more could be added) o Unsaturated (Ex: linoleic acid some carbon atoms joined by double covalent bonds) o Pol ...
... 1. Fatty Acids: chain of 4 to 24 carbon atoms with carboxyl group at one end and methyl group at other. Classified as: o Saturated (Ex: Palmitic acid has so much hydrogen as it can carry-no more could be added) o Unsaturated (Ex: linoleic acid some carbon atoms joined by double covalent bonds) o Pol ...
Study Guide for Membranes and Transport
... Cellular Macromolecules: describe the processes which allow monomers to be joined to form polymers as well as polymers to be broken down into monomers. give examples of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids including at least one location within a cell where each can be found. co ...
... Cellular Macromolecules: describe the processes which allow monomers to be joined to form polymers as well as polymers to be broken down into monomers. give examples of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids including at least one location within a cell where each can be found. co ...
What are macromolecules? Cells are built primarily from the largest
... You should learn this list so well that you don't even hesitate to say what the four types of organic macromolecules are. This list is really important to understanding cells, so really memorize it well. It will pop up again and again throughout the semester. Carbohydrates are the "sugars." Both the ...
... You should learn this list so well that you don't even hesitate to say what the four types of organic macromolecules are. This list is really important to understanding cells, so really memorize it well. It will pop up again and again throughout the semester. Carbohydrates are the "sugars." Both the ...
Slide 1
... according to their different chemical structures - have been organized in following groups: basic amino acids ...
... according to their different chemical structures - have been organized in following groups: basic amino acids ...
Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life
... reactions that occur in the body. In order to maintain the proper chemical composition inside the cells, the chemical composition of the fluids outside the cells must be kept relatively constant = homeostasis. Carbonic acid – bicarbonate buffer in blood is maintained by respiration, elimination, s ...
... reactions that occur in the body. In order to maintain the proper chemical composition inside the cells, the chemical composition of the fluids outside the cells must be kept relatively constant = homeostasis. Carbonic acid – bicarbonate buffer in blood is maintained by respiration, elimination, s ...
Protein functions part 2 File
... fibrin are blood clotting proteins Thrombin is an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of the soluble blood protein ...
... fibrin are blood clotting proteins Thrombin is an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of the soluble blood protein ...
What you need to Know for Chapter 1 Quiz
... o Be able to draw alpha glucose, beta glucose, galactose, and fructose o Describe the differences between the different glycosidic linkages (i.e alpha versus beta and location (1,4 vs 1,6). o What are some common disaccharides? o Describe the structure and function of key polysaccharides (starch, gl ...
... o Be able to draw alpha glucose, beta glucose, galactose, and fructose o Describe the differences between the different glycosidic linkages (i.e alpha versus beta and location (1,4 vs 1,6). o What are some common disaccharides? o Describe the structure and function of key polysaccharides (starch, gl ...
Chapter 4: Cellular metabolism
... • Ex. Cells join many monosaccharides into a chain to form larger molecules of glycogen using an anabolic process called dehydration synthesis • Ex. Links glycerol & fatty acid molecules in fat (adipose) cells to form triglycerides • Ex. Join amino acid molecules to build protein molecules; water mo ...
... • Ex. Cells join many monosaccharides into a chain to form larger molecules of glycogen using an anabolic process called dehydration synthesis • Ex. Links glycerol & fatty acid molecules in fat (adipose) cells to form triglycerides • Ex. Join amino acid molecules to build protein molecules; water mo ...
1 Which of the following are the smallest cells? A) human ovum B
... 18 By which process does a glucose molecule move through a cell membrane protein carrier from a region of greater concentration to one of lower concentration? A) ...
... 18 By which process does a glucose molecule move through a cell membrane protein carrier from a region of greater concentration to one of lower concentration? A) ...
File - Hope Christian College Parent and Student Portal
... Energy – Cells need energy to do work and to catalyse reactions •Energy is also needed for growth, cell division, movement and to get rid of waste products. •Energy comes in different forms but cells use chemical energy. •Chemical energy is stored in bonds or the connections that join the atoms to m ...
... Energy – Cells need energy to do work and to catalyse reactions •Energy is also needed for growth, cell division, movement and to get rid of waste products. •Energy comes in different forms but cells use chemical energy. •Chemical energy is stored in bonds or the connections that join the atoms to m ...
Human Physiology Quiz Questions: 1) Purines degrade into what
... 4) What is ‘de novo synthesis’ of nucleic acids and where does it take place? 5) What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide? 6) What is the ‘salvage pathway’ for nucleic acids? 7) What is the primary enzyme that catalyzes glycogenesis? 8) What two membrane transporters absorb monos ...
... 4) What is ‘de novo synthesis’ of nucleic acids and where does it take place? 5) What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide? 6) What is the ‘salvage pathway’ for nucleic acids? 7) What is the primary enzyme that catalyzes glycogenesis? 8) What two membrane transporters absorb monos ...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Biologists depend
... Biologists depend on chemists for much of their understanding of life and the life processes. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four major groups of organic molecules found in living organisms. Carbohydrates make up a large group of organic compounds found in cells. They are ...
... Biologists depend on chemists for much of their understanding of life and the life processes. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four major groups of organic molecules found in living organisms. Carbohydrates make up a large group of organic compounds found in cells. They are ...
Biochem Option (D)
... B.8.1: Describe the structure of nucleotides and their condensation polymers (nucleic acids or polynucleotides): Phosphate group, pentose sugar, nitrogen base Genetic code = it’s all about the nitrogen bases! ...
... B.8.1: Describe the structure of nucleotides and their condensation polymers (nucleic acids or polynucleotides): Phosphate group, pentose sugar, nitrogen base Genetic code = it’s all about the nitrogen bases! ...
Acid - Perkins Science
... mirror images of each other. They are like left- and right-handed gloves: if the palms are facing the same direction, they cannot be superimposed on each other. See D- and L-glyceraldehyde ...
... mirror images of each other. They are like left- and right-handed gloves: if the palms are facing the same direction, they cannot be superimposed on each other. See D- and L-glyceraldehyde ...
Biology 301 Exam 3 Name Spring 2008 1. Which of the following is
... 14. The most specific term usually used to describe a substance in a biological system that increases the rate of a reaction without being permanently changed by the reaction is a(n) A. rate increaser. B. catalyzer. C. catalyst. D. enzyme. 15. Electron transport molecules that only transfer electro ...
... 14. The most specific term usually used to describe a substance in a biological system that increases the rate of a reaction without being permanently changed by the reaction is a(n) A. rate increaser. B. catalyzer. C. catalyst. D. enzyme. 15. Electron transport molecules that only transfer electro ...
ch4 reading guide
... 5. Acetic acid combines with _________________ to form __________________ 6. The citric acid cycle begins when ____________________________________ to form ___________________________________________________________ 7. In the cycle, citric acid is changed ____________________________________ _______ ...
... 5. Acetic acid combines with _________________ to form __________________ 6. The citric acid cycle begins when ____________________________________ to form ___________________________________________________________ 7. In the cycle, citric acid is changed ____________________________________ _______ ...
Quiz #3 - San Diego Mesa College
... Q. 8: During the biological degradation of glucose within a cell, the carbon skeleton of glucose is _______ by a class of enzymes called ________ . A) reduced ….. dehydrogenases B) oxidized …… dehydrogenases C) oxidized ……. reductases D) reduced …… oxidases E) none of the above Q. 9: Which of the fo ...
... Q. 8: During the biological degradation of glucose within a cell, the carbon skeleton of glucose is _______ by a class of enzymes called ________ . A) reduced ….. dehydrogenases B) oxidized …… dehydrogenases C) oxidized ……. reductases D) reduced …… oxidases E) none of the above Q. 9: Which of the fo ...
Carbohydrates lipids and prpoteins 3.2
... formed as a by-product In carbohydrates, the bond that is formed is called a glycosidic linkage The opposite of a condensation reaction is a hydrolysis reaction, which requires a water molecule to break a covalent bond between two subunits Monosaccharides are single monomers that are joined to form ...
... formed as a by-product In carbohydrates, the bond that is formed is called a glycosidic linkage The opposite of a condensation reaction is a hydrolysis reaction, which requires a water molecule to break a covalent bond between two subunits Monosaccharides are single monomers that are joined to form ...
Lecture 2
... all have zwitterionic forms at neutral pH because they have a negatively charged carboxylate and a positively charged ammonia. Zwitterions have two opposite charges that cancel out. Grouping amino acids Amino acids can be classified (sometimes roughly) into groups based on the chemical properties of ...
... all have zwitterionic forms at neutral pH because they have a negatively charged carboxylate and a positively charged ammonia. Zwitterions have two opposite charges that cancel out. Grouping amino acids Amino acids can be classified (sometimes roughly) into groups based on the chemical properties of ...
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
... The repeated sequence of atoms that remains constant from one amino acid to the next is the polypeptide backbone. The different appendages attached to the backbone are the R groups ...
... The repeated sequence of atoms that remains constant from one amino acid to the next is the polypeptide backbone. The different appendages attached to the backbone are the R groups ...
The subcomponents of biological molecules and their sequence
... Molecule’s function and properties are determined by its shape and subcomponents. An amino acid sequence in a polypeptide determines the property of the protein molecule. A carbohydrate’s property can be determined by the structural formula. The number of hydrogen and single bonds in a fatty acid ca ...
... Molecule’s function and properties are determined by its shape and subcomponents. An amino acid sequence in a polypeptide determines the property of the protein molecule. A carbohydrate’s property can be determined by the structural formula. The number of hydrogen and single bonds in a fatty acid ca ...
Transparency master
... Anti-codon – a group of 3 nucleotides in tRNA that complements the codons on the mRNA Codon - a group of 3 nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid Transcription – process by which mRNA molecules are copied from the DNA Translation – when codons in mRNA are decoded into a sequence of amino a ...
... Anti-codon – a group of 3 nucleotides in tRNA that complements the codons on the mRNA Codon - a group of 3 nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid Transcription – process by which mRNA molecules are copied from the DNA Translation – when codons in mRNA are decoded into a sequence of amino a ...
Biochemistry
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerty_Theresa_Radnitz_Cori_(1896-1957)_and_Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg?width=300)
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.