CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTORYCHEMISTRY III. SAMPLE LECTURE
... 3. Water is the most abundant and important substance in the body. It is an excellent solvent, participates in chemical reactions, absorbs and releases heat slowly, and lubricates. Water is involved in digestion, the elimination of wastes, circulation, and the regulation of body temperature. 4. Inor ...
... 3. Water is the most abundant and important substance in the body. It is an excellent solvent, participates in chemical reactions, absorbs and releases heat slowly, and lubricates. Water is involved in digestion, the elimination of wastes, circulation, and the regulation of body temperature. 4. Inor ...
CHAPTER 6sThe Chemistry of Life2015
... A. Organic Chemistry 1. carbon basedb/c carbon is essential for all life a. carbon can easily form covalent bonds w/ other atoms & functional grps; stable b. can form chains, branched, or ring compounds B. Macromolecules ...
... A. Organic Chemistry 1. carbon basedb/c carbon is essential for all life a. carbon can easily form covalent bonds w/ other atoms & functional grps; stable b. can form chains, branched, or ring compounds B. Macromolecules ...
Preview Sample 2 - Test Bank, Manual Solution, Solution Manual
... the use of water, weak salt solution, and strong salt solution as the 3 “habitats.” Have students formulate a hypothesis and discuss the steps needed to carry out their plan. Have some brine shrimp, or photographs of brine shrimp, available for observation. Animals in the Lab 4. Arrange to take your ...
... the use of water, weak salt solution, and strong salt solution as the 3 “habitats.” Have students formulate a hypothesis and discuss the steps needed to carry out their plan. Have some brine shrimp, or photographs of brine shrimp, available for observation. Animals in the Lab 4. Arrange to take your ...
topic 3 igcse biology
... of the gut. The enzymes then pass out of the cells into the gut, where they come into contact with food molecules. They catalyse the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules. ...
... of the gut. The enzymes then pass out of the cells into the gut, where they come into contact with food molecules. They catalyse the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules. ...
HONORS BIOLOGY CHAPTER 6 STUDY GUIDE
... What do we know about NADH? a. what kind of molecule is it?__________________________ b. what vitamin is it made from in the cells?___________________ c. what is its job?____________________________ d. what is its oxidized form?________________ e. how many electrons can this electron carrier actuall ...
... What do we know about NADH? a. what kind of molecule is it?__________________________ b. what vitamin is it made from in the cells?___________________ c. what is its job?____________________________ d. what is its oxidized form?________________ e. how many electrons can this electron carrier actuall ...
Chapter 2
... carbon skeleton – chain of carbon atoms; each can form 4 covalent bonds functional groups – other atoms in specific arrangements attached to carbon skeleton; confer characteristic chemical properties CLASSES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Carbohydrates - sugars, starches, glycogen, cellulose primarily an ener ...
... carbon skeleton – chain of carbon atoms; each can form 4 covalent bonds functional groups – other atoms in specific arrangements attached to carbon skeleton; confer characteristic chemical properties CLASSES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Carbohydrates - sugars, starches, glycogen, cellulose primarily an ener ...
Building a DNA molecule
... Each pair of students in the class will be assigned one of these amino acids in the chain. Directions: You will be assigned an amino acid. Please note where your amino acid is located in the molecule, because at the end of the lab the whole class has to put their pieces together in the correct seque ...
... Each pair of students in the class will be assigned one of these amino acids in the chain. Directions: You will be assigned an amino acid. Please note where your amino acid is located in the molecule, because at the end of the lab the whole class has to put their pieces together in the correct seque ...
HONORS BIOLOGY CHAPTERy 6 STUDY GUIDE
... What do we know about NADH? a. what kind of molecule is it?__________________________ b. what vitamin is it made from in the cells?___________________ c. what is its job?____________________________ d. what is its oxidized form?________________ e. how many electrons can this electron carrier actuall ...
... What do we know about NADH? a. what kind of molecule is it?__________________________ b. what vitamin is it made from in the cells?___________________ c. what is its job?____________________________ d. what is its oxidized form?________________ e. how many electrons can this electron carrier actuall ...
Structure and Function of Macromolecules
... monomers Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chainlike molecules called polymers. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. The repeated units are small molecules called ...
... monomers Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chainlike molecules called polymers. A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. The repeated units are small molecules called ...
STUDY GUIDE
... C. Define: active site of an enzyme: ____________________________________________________ D. Draw a picture of an enzyme-substrate complex below and label the following: enzyme, ...
... C. Define: active site of an enzyme: ____________________________________________________ D. Draw a picture of an enzyme-substrate complex below and label the following: enzyme, ...
Aerobic organisms obtain energy from oxidation of food molecules
... •4. C metabolites of stored food (e.g. glucose, C3, amino acids) provide C skeleton for biosynthesis of macromolecules, e.g. new enzymes, RNA, cell wall, etc. ...
... •4. C metabolites of stored food (e.g. glucose, C3, amino acids) provide C skeleton for biosynthesis of macromolecules, e.g. new enzymes, RNA, cell wall, etc. ...
general biology syllabus
... 1) C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy (ATP). 2) Glycolysis (set of 10 chemical reactions in cytoplasm) a) C6H12O6 (glucose) + 2 ATP → 2 pyruvate (3 C each) + 4 ATP + high-energy electrons (e–) 3) Fermentation (anaerobic respiration in cytoplasm) a) No ATP production, but allows glycolysis to continue ...
... 1) C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy (ATP). 2) Glycolysis (set of 10 chemical reactions in cytoplasm) a) C6H12O6 (glucose) + 2 ATP → 2 pyruvate (3 C each) + 4 ATP + high-energy electrons (e–) 3) Fermentation (anaerobic respiration in cytoplasm) a) No ATP production, but allows glycolysis to continue ...
Metabolism—chapter 4
... -hydrolysis (the adding in of water) occurs when bonds between molecules break apart -did you notice the two way arrows in the above chemical figure? That means the reaction is able to go both ways. Pretty neat, huh? ...
... -hydrolysis (the adding in of water) occurs when bonds between molecules break apart -did you notice the two way arrows in the above chemical figure? That means the reaction is able to go both ways. Pretty neat, huh? ...
Ch 4: Cellular Metabolism
... • The free anomeric carbon is called reducing end; • The linkage carbon on the first sugar is always C1. So disaccharides can be named as sugar-(a,)1,#-sugar, where a or depends on the anomeric structure of the first sugar. For example, Maltose ...
... • The free anomeric carbon is called reducing end; • The linkage carbon on the first sugar is always C1. So disaccharides can be named as sugar-(a,)1,#-sugar, where a or depends on the anomeric structure of the first sugar. For example, Maltose ...
File
... Glycolysis Glycolysis literally means "_________splitting." In glycolysis, the 6 carbon sugar glucose is split into 2 molecules of pyruvate, also called pyruvic acid. This process produces a net gain of ______ ATP molecules. The resulting molecules of pyruvate each have 3 carbon atoms. Glycolysis t ...
... Glycolysis Glycolysis literally means "_________splitting." In glycolysis, the 6 carbon sugar glucose is split into 2 molecules of pyruvate, also called pyruvic acid. This process produces a net gain of ______ ATP molecules. The resulting molecules of pyruvate each have 3 carbon atoms. Glycolysis t ...
Chemistry of Life Vocabulary
... contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are important parts of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. ...
... contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are important parts of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. ...
Macromolecules & Enzymes
... Atoms present – C, H, and O Function: Major energy source by cells Structural uses – cellulose, cell receptors Monosaccharides (monomers) – single sugar units. ex: glucose, galactose, fructose Disaccharides (polymers) – double sugar units ex: sucrose, lactose, maltose Polysaccharides (polymers)– mor ...
... Atoms present – C, H, and O Function: Major energy source by cells Structural uses – cellulose, cell receptors Monosaccharides (monomers) – single sugar units. ex: glucose, galactose, fructose Disaccharides (polymers) – double sugar units ex: sucrose, lactose, maltose Polysaccharides (polymers)– mor ...
PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX
... fatty acids can not penetrate through blood brain barrier degradation of their own sythesized FA is slow ketone body production is significant just after several days starvation (then they are used instead of more than 50 % of glucose) ...
... fatty acids can not penetrate through blood brain barrier degradation of their own sythesized FA is slow ketone body production is significant just after several days starvation (then they are used instead of more than 50 % of glucose) ...
proteins aminacids notesKelly
... CHAPERONINS = Proteins that stabilize newly-formed polypeptides while they fold into their proper structure • Proteins with hollow cylinder shape • Newly-synthesized protein fits inside while it folds • inner wall of the cylinder is lined with hydrophobic amino acids • keeps hydrophobic regions of t ...
... CHAPERONINS = Proteins that stabilize newly-formed polypeptides while they fold into their proper structure • Proteins with hollow cylinder shape • Newly-synthesized protein fits inside while it folds • inner wall of the cylinder is lined with hydrophobic amino acids • keeps hydrophobic regions of t ...
Chemical Basis of Life packet #2-1.answer.key
... a. It creates the right pH needed for the reaction. b. It decreases the amount of energy needed for the reaction. c. It provides the extra energy needed for the reaction. d. It maintains the proper temperature needed for the reaction. Examine the structural formula below. ...
... a. It creates the right pH needed for the reaction. b. It decreases the amount of energy needed for the reaction. c. It provides the extra energy needed for the reaction. d. It maintains the proper temperature needed for the reaction. Examine the structural formula below. ...
Chemistry
... 3-D structure of proteins 1. Primary structure – amino acids sequence (determine by mRNA) 2. secondary – α-or β-helix; pleated sheet (H-bonds) 3. Tertiary – 3-D protein structure (S-S bonds) 4. Quaternary – the final structure of proteins (subunits, prostetic units and etc.) ...
... 3-D structure of proteins 1. Primary structure – amino acids sequence (determine by mRNA) 2. secondary – α-or β-helix; pleated sheet (H-bonds) 3. Tertiary – 3-D protein structure (S-S bonds) 4. Quaternary – the final structure of proteins (subunits, prostetic units and etc.) ...
H - Images
... The glycosidic bond is between the 1C-4C. The chains coil in water and don’t form H bonds, therefore not very soluble in H2O. Only 20% of starch in potatoes is amylose. 80% is amylopectin- short and branched glucose chains. Is cross-linked. ...
... The glycosidic bond is between the 1C-4C. The chains coil in water and don’t form H bonds, therefore not very soluble in H2O. Only 20% of starch in potatoes is amylose. 80% is amylopectin- short and branched glucose chains. Is cross-linked. ...
Macronutrients
... Your body needs a significant amount of these nutrients MICROnutrients Your body still needs these nutrients, but in smaller amounts MICROnutrients do not provide energy ...
... Your body needs a significant amount of these nutrients MICROnutrients Your body still needs these nutrients, but in smaller amounts MICROnutrients do not provide energy ...
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.