Energy Production
... It produces ATP to support continuos muscle activity for longer than 90-120 seconds. The availability of oxygen through the process of respiration is vital. Without oxygen ATP cannot be supplied. Through glycolysis, pyruvic acid is supplied, with the presence of oxygen, it is converted to acetyl Coe ...
... It produces ATP to support continuos muscle activity for longer than 90-120 seconds. The availability of oxygen through the process of respiration is vital. Without oxygen ATP cannot be supplied. Through glycolysis, pyruvic acid is supplied, with the presence of oxygen, it is converted to acetyl Coe ...
First Exam Study Guide
... between an acid and a base? Can you recognize an example of each? What is a buffer? How does the carbonic acid / bicarbonate buffer respond to added acid or base? 6. Can you recognize straight chains, branched chains and rings of carbon atoms? 7. What are the structures and names of the various func ...
... between an acid and a base? Can you recognize an example of each? What is a buffer? How does the carbonic acid / bicarbonate buffer respond to added acid or base? 6. Can you recognize straight chains, branched chains and rings of carbon atoms? 7. What are the structures and names of the various func ...
30_General pathways of amino acids transformation
... Storing amino acids as nutrients and as building blocks for the growing organism. Transport function (proteins transport fatty acids, bilirubin, ions, hormones, some drugs etc.). Proteins are essential elements in contractile and motile systems (actin, myosin). Protective or defensive functi ...
... Storing amino acids as nutrients and as building blocks for the growing organism. Transport function (proteins transport fatty acids, bilirubin, ions, hormones, some drugs etc.). Proteins are essential elements in contractile and motile systems (actin, myosin). Protective or defensive functi ...
b. Ketogenic amino acids
... in the synthesis of glucose or lipid, or in the production of energy through their oxidation to CO2 and water by the citric acid cycle. ...
... in the synthesis of glucose or lipid, or in the production of energy through their oxidation to CO2 and water by the citric acid cycle. ...
Biosynthesis of proteins on ribosomes GENETIC
... 1. Unambiguous. In any organism each codon corresponds to only one amino acid. 2. Code is degenerate. There are multiple codons for most amino acids. 3. Universal. Codons are the same for all organism. ...
... 1. Unambiguous. In any organism each codon corresponds to only one amino acid. 2. Code is degenerate. There are multiple codons for most amino acids. 3. Universal. Codons are the same for all organism. ...
OCN621: Biological Oceanography- Bioenergetics-II
... 1. Provides proper chemical environment for cellular processes (e.g., pH). 2. Brings needed substrates (glucose, amino acids) &essential minerals (nitrate, phosphate, & important ions K+ and Ca++) where they are needed. 3. Gets rid of waste products (H+, Na+ , C02, lactic acid). Characteristics of a ...
... 1. Provides proper chemical environment for cellular processes (e.g., pH). 2. Brings needed substrates (glucose, amino acids) &essential minerals (nitrate, phosphate, & important ions K+ and Ca++) where they are needed. 3. Gets rid of waste products (H+, Na+ , C02, lactic acid). Characteristics of a ...
Chapter 7 Review Name: Date: Question Answer Process that
... If oxygen is not present, pyruvate and NADH enter this metabolic Alcoholic fermentation pathway; produces carbon dioxide and ethanol; used by yeast and some plant cells ...
... If oxygen is not present, pyruvate and NADH enter this metabolic Alcoholic fermentation pathway; produces carbon dioxide and ethanol; used by yeast and some plant cells ...
Transport of molecules into a bacterial cell
... – What is the greediest electron hog we know? Molecular oxygen. – In Electron transport, electrons are passed to oxygen so that these metabolic processes can continue with more glucose. – Electron carriers in membrane are reversibly reduced, then reoxidized as they pass electrons (or Hs) to the next ...
... – What is the greediest electron hog we know? Molecular oxygen. – In Electron transport, electrons are passed to oxygen so that these metabolic processes can continue with more glucose. – Electron carriers in membrane are reversibly reduced, then reoxidized as they pass electrons (or Hs) to the next ...
Final Exam Revision Answers 2009
... 28. Which of the structures cannot exist as shown at any pH in aqueous solution? A. ...
... 28. Which of the structures cannot exist as shown at any pH in aqueous solution? A. ...
BIO PLACEMENT TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS Review 1: Answer
... 17) A lipid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers? A) Glucose or modified glucose molecules B) Amino Acids C) Nucleotides D) Alternating sugar and phosphate groups E) Fatty acids and glycerol 18) How are amino acids and proteins related? A) Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids B) A ...
... 17) A lipid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers? A) Glucose or modified glucose molecules B) Amino Acids C) Nucleotides D) Alternating sugar and phosphate groups E) Fatty acids and glycerol 18) How are amino acids and proteins related? A) Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids B) A ...
Fundamentals of Chemistry
... organisms (ex. calcium from calcium carbonate, sodium from sodium chloride) – Cohesive: molecules of water “stick together” (results from hydrogen bonds) good medium for chemistry and high surface tension • Top mm of ocean/lakes with highest abundance of photosynthetic microbes, many organisms can ...
... organisms (ex. calcium from calcium carbonate, sodium from sodium chloride) – Cohesive: molecules of water “stick together” (results from hydrogen bonds) good medium for chemistry and high surface tension • Top mm of ocean/lakes with highest abundance of photosynthetic microbes, many organisms can ...
glycolysis4bio
... that make a little bit of ATP from the partial breakdown of sugar into energy. • Organisms usually choose one of two paths after glycolysis: Fermentation or Aerobic Respiration. ...
... that make a little bit of ATP from the partial breakdown of sugar into energy. • Organisms usually choose one of two paths after glycolysis: Fermentation or Aerobic Respiration. ...
Complementation with wild type MamL-EGFP rescued 62
... S1 Text. Amino acid substitutions within MamL MamL contains nine basic and potentially positively charged (including histidine) amino acid residues close to or at its very C-terminus. The C-terminal accumulation of basic residues is a conserved feature in MamL and MamL-like homologs from other MTB ( ...
... S1 Text. Amino acid substitutions within MamL MamL contains nine basic and potentially positively charged (including histidine) amino acid residues close to or at its very C-terminus. The C-terminal accumulation of basic residues is a conserved feature in MamL and MamL-like homologs from other MTB ( ...
Biological Molecules
... Compared to tropical fish, arctic fish oils have more unsaturated fatty acids. 2. More cholesterol 3. Less saturated fatty acids 4. More transunsaturated fatty acids ...
... Compared to tropical fish, arctic fish oils have more unsaturated fatty acids. 2. More cholesterol 3. Less saturated fatty acids 4. More transunsaturated fatty acids ...
Macromolecules
... - Store genetic information and code for proteins -DNA—the nucleic acid, found in the nucleus of cells ...
... - Store genetic information and code for proteins -DNA—the nucleic acid, found in the nucleus of cells ...
Bioenergetics
... Chemical energy enters the body as carbohydrates, fats and proteins, which are comprised of glucose molecules, fatty acids and amino acids, respectively o The body uses these substrates to produce ATP ...
... Chemical energy enters the body as carbohydrates, fats and proteins, which are comprised of glucose molecules, fatty acids and amino acids, respectively o The body uses these substrates to produce ATP ...
Exam 4
... a. are oxidative. b. produce ATP. c. produce GTP. d. are transketolases. e. are transaldolases. 21. Transketolases transfer a. 1. b. 2. c. 3. d. 4. ...
... a. are oxidative. b. produce ATP. c. produce GTP. d. are transketolases. e. are transaldolases. 21. Transketolases transfer a. 1. b. 2. c. 3. d. 4. ...
Protein Synthesis and Mutations Review Sheet 2014
... Directions: Write the answers to each of the questions on a separate sheet of paper or flash cards. For the terms, either use them in your answers or separately define or describe their relation to the concepts of protein synthesis or mutations. Protein Synthesis: Chapter 8.4 and 8.5 1. What are thr ...
... Directions: Write the answers to each of the questions on a separate sheet of paper or flash cards. For the terms, either use them in your answers or separately define or describe their relation to the concepts of protein synthesis or mutations. Protein Synthesis: Chapter 8.4 and 8.5 1. What are thr ...
The Mechanics of Life
... • All organisms store the informa$on to replicate themselves as a simple chemical code. • Informa$on is encoded by the precise sequence of subunits in a long polymer called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). ...
... • All organisms store the informa$on to replicate themselves as a simple chemical code. • Informa$on is encoded by the precise sequence of subunits in a long polymer called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). ...
Ch 6 Chemistry of Life Lecture
... o Amino acids have a Nitrogen (amine), a pair of oxygens (carboxylic acid), a central carbon, and a special group that changes depending on which amino acid you have This special group is called an “R” group o Each amino acid (a.a.) is connected by attaching the amine from one a.a. to the carboxyl ...
... o Amino acids have a Nitrogen (amine), a pair of oxygens (carboxylic acid), a central carbon, and a special group that changes depending on which amino acid you have This special group is called an “R” group o Each amino acid (a.a.) is connected by attaching the amine from one a.a. to the carboxyl ...
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY.rtf
... Transcription—copies one of the DNA strands from the 3’end, and makes RNA beginning at its 5’end. The new RNA is complementary (A=U and G=C) and antiparallel to the coding strand of DNA Transcription is catalyzed in the nucleus by RNA polymerase 3 types of RNA mRNA—Is the template read to make prote ...
... Transcription—copies one of the DNA strands from the 3’end, and makes RNA beginning at its 5’end. The new RNA is complementary (A=U and G=C) and antiparallel to the coding strand of DNA Transcription is catalyzed in the nucleus by RNA polymerase 3 types of RNA mRNA—Is the template read to make prote ...
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.