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Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid

... the occipital poles of the cerebral hemisphere. The internal concave border is free and forms the tentorial notch which partially encircles the mesencephalon; the tentorium cerebelli is attached ventrolaterally to the dorsomedially ridge of the petrous part of the temporal bone and contains a part o ...
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... The external organs of reproduction are collectively labeled the pudenda or the vulva. These terms include the structures that are visible externally from the lower margin of the pubis to the perineum, the area in the midline next to the anus. The pudenda consist of the labia majora and minora, the ...
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... body cells 1.14 Recall that mitosis occurs during growth, repair and asexual reproduction 1.15 Recall that, at fertilisation, haploid gametes combine to form a diploid zygote 1.16 Describe the division of a cell by meiosis as the production of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromo ...
Lesson 1: Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology
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... endometrium, the myometrium, and the perimetrium. The endometrium is the inner layer or mucosa. A fertilized egg burrows into the endometrium (implantation) and resides there for the rest of its development. When the female is not pregnant, the endometrial lining sloughs off about every 28 days in r ...
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...  stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum (yellow body).  stimulates the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone and oestrogen. Days 15-21: Period of rest (Secretory phase) The empty follicle now fills up with a yellow pigment and is called a corpus luteum - secretes progesterone and some oestr ...
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... • The are set at right angles to each other and represent the three planes of space. • They are three in number: the external or horizontal, the superior or frontal, and the posterior or sagittal. One end of each canal opens out into a larger space known as ampulla, the other end is even. The fronta ...
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE EAR
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... • The are set at right angles to each other and represent the three planes of space. • They are three in number: the external or horizontal, the superior or frontal, and the posterior or sagittal. One end of each canal opens out into a larger space known as ampulla, the other end is even. The fronta ...
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... When discussing organ systems, many of them are located in “compartments” in the body called cavities. ◦ Cranial cavity: contains the brain ◦ Spinal cavity: surrounds the spinal chord ◦ Thoracic cavity: contains heart, lungs and organs of the respiratory system ◦ Abdominal cavity: contains organs of ...
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... • Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Muscle tissue: Contracts to cause movement • Muscles attached to bones (skeletal) • Muscles of heart (cardiac) • Muscles of walls of hollow organs (smooth) Epithelial tissue: Forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters ...
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... 18.In addition to these functions of exchange between the two individual blood streams, the placenta also produces an extensive array of hormones. 19. These include human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) produced by embryonic tissue right from the time of implantation: this promptly protects the embryo ...
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... connective, muscle, and nervous.  A. Epithelial tissue lines the body’s surface, openings, and tubes in the body, such as blood vessels.  Epithelial tissues are groups of cells arranged together in sheets. ...
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... 4. Alveolus. Each bronchiole branch ends in a small sac called an alveolus (plural, alveoli). Each alveolus is densely surrounded by blood-carrying capillaries. 5. Diffusion between alveolar chambers and blood. Gas exchange occurs by diffusion across the moist, sac membranes of the alveoli. Oxygen d ...
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Exam 1
Exam 1

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Human embryogenesis



Human embryogenesis is the process of cell division and cellular differentiation of the embryo that occurs during the early stages of development. In biological terms, human development entails growth from a one celled zygote to an adult human being. Fertilisation occurs when the sperm cell successfully enters and fuses with an egg cell (ovum). The genetic material of the sperm and egg then combine to form a single cell called a zygote and the germinal stage of prenatal development commences. Embryogenesis covers the first eight weeks of development and at the beginning of the ninth week the embryo is termed a fetus.Human embryology is the study of this development during the first eight weeks after fertilisation. The normal period of gestation (pregnancy) is nine months or 38 weeks.The germinal stage, refers to the time from fertilization, through the development of the early embryo until implantation is completed in the uterus. The germinal stage takes around 10 days.During this stage, the zygote, which is defined as an embryo because it contains a full complement of genetic material, begins to divide, in a process called cleavage. A blastocyst is then formed and implanted in the uterus. Embryogenesis continues with the next stage of gastrulation when the three germ layers of the embryo form in a process called histogenesis, and the processes of neurulation and organogenesis follow. The embryo is referred to as a fetus in the later stages of prenatal development, usually taken to be at the beginning of the ninth week. In comparison to the embryo, the fetus has more recognizable external features, and a more complete set of developing organs. The entire process of embryogenesis involves coordinated spatial and temporal changes in gene expression, cell growth and cellular differentiation. A nearly identical process occurs in other species, especially among chordates.
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