Identification of Two Mammalian Reductases
... contained a Kozak sequence followed by an ATG codon and a NotI restriction enzyme site. The resulting PCR products were ligated into pCMV-Script (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) and digested with NotI, and three copies of the HA epitope (YPYDVPDYA) were inserted at the 5⬘ end of each cDNA. The resulting p ...
... contained a Kozak sequence followed by an ATG codon and a NotI restriction enzyme site. The resulting PCR products were ligated into pCMV-Script (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) and digested with NotI, and three copies of the HA epitope (YPYDVPDYA) were inserted at the 5⬘ end of each cDNA. The resulting p ...
Polypeptide Composition of Envelopes of Spinach Chloroplasts
... Preparation of intact chloroplasts—Spinach was purchased from a local farmer. Intact chloroplasts were prepared according to Siegenthaler and Dumont (1990) with some modifications. Leaves were homogenized for 10 s in the grinding medium containing 350 mM sorbitol, 25 mM 3-(/V-morpholino)propanesufon ...
... Preparation of intact chloroplasts—Spinach was purchased from a local farmer. Intact chloroplasts were prepared according to Siegenthaler and Dumont (1990) with some modifications. Leaves were homogenized for 10 s in the grinding medium containing 350 mM sorbitol, 25 mM 3-(/V-morpholino)propanesufon ...
Mitochondrial protein acetylation regulates metabolism
... mitochondrion. Most lysine-acetylated proteins identified in mitochondrial fractions were metabolic enzymes. Lysine acetylation was also identified on the mitochondrial DNA-encoded ATP synthase Fo subunit 8, implying that proteins can become acetylated within mitochondria. The acetylation status of ...
... mitochondrion. Most lysine-acetylated proteins identified in mitochondrial fractions were metabolic enzymes. Lysine acetylation was also identified on the mitochondrial DNA-encoded ATP synthase Fo subunit 8, implying that proteins can become acetylated within mitochondria. The acetylation status of ...
Distinct Classes of Mitotic Cyclins Are Differentially
... no or very limited structural similarity with mitotic cyclins. Higher plants grow by continuously differentiating new organs postembryonically from meristem cells, according to interna1developmental programs or as a result of environmental stimuli. New organs are normally initiated by the division o ...
... no or very limited structural similarity with mitotic cyclins. Higher plants grow by continuously differentiating new organs postembryonically from meristem cells, according to interna1developmental programs or as a result of environmental stimuli. New organs are normally initiated by the division o ...
... i) Although the relative position of the TA bases is correct, the diagram contains at least three errors. Identify and correct three of these errors (3 pts). ii) Sketch the phosphate linkage that you would observe linking the T to the next base (2 pts) ii) Indicate the “Watson-Crick’ hydrogen bonds ...
Odyssey of Agrobacterium T-DNA.
... (border sequences) that define the T-DNA. In the presence of VirD1 protein, VirD2 cleaves the border sequence in a site- and strand-specific manner and subsequently becomes covalently attached to the 5¢ end of the nicked DNA. The nicked DNA is then displaced from the plasmid producing single-strande ...
... (border sequences) that define the T-DNA. In the presence of VirD1 protein, VirD2 cleaves the border sequence in a site- and strand-specific manner and subsequently becomes covalently attached to the 5¢ end of the nicked DNA. The nicked DNA is then displaced from the plasmid producing single-strande ...
Two Oxidosqualene Cyclases Responsible for
... isomers, a reaction catalyzed by oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs). The different OSCs have characteristic product specificities, which are mainly due to differences in the numbers of high-energy intermediates the enzymes can stabilize. The goal of this investigation was to clone and characterize OSCs f ...
... isomers, a reaction catalyzed by oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs). The different OSCs have characteristic product specificities, which are mainly due to differences in the numbers of high-energy intermediates the enzymes can stabilize. The goal of this investigation was to clone and characterize OSCs f ...
Different packing of external residues can explain differences in the
... Stabilization of the native state by the mutation of amino acid residues situated on the protein surface is one possible explanation for this phenomenon. These mutations lead to a large number of enthalpic interactions that form only after overcoming the free-energy barrier in the course of folding ...
... Stabilization of the native state by the mutation of amino acid residues situated on the protein surface is one possible explanation for this phenomenon. These mutations lead to a large number of enthalpic interactions that form only after overcoming the free-energy barrier in the course of folding ...
Prokaryotic orthologues of mitochondrial alternative oxidase and plastid terminal oxidase
... above) again generated the expected 511 bp product, confirming the presence of PTOX transcript (Figure 1B). Expression was also confirmed by northern analysis of total RNA, which generated a band of ca. 800 bp (Figure 1C). The A. variabilis PTOX sequence was analyzed in the upstream region of the st ...
... above) again generated the expected 511 bp product, confirming the presence of PTOX transcript (Figure 1B). Expression was also confirmed by northern analysis of total RNA, which generated a band of ca. 800 bp (Figure 1C). The A. variabilis PTOX sequence was analyzed in the upstream region of the st ...
2 Applications
... Since the completion of genome sequencing of several organisms including the human genome, attention has been directed from genome to proteome analysis. The term proteome was first introduced by Wilkins et al. in 1995 [1] and denotes the total number of proteins expressed by a genome at a given time ...
... Since the completion of genome sequencing of several organisms including the human genome, attention has been directed from genome to proteome analysis. The term proteome was first introduced by Wilkins et al. in 1995 [1] and denotes the total number of proteins expressed by a genome at a given time ...
Metabolic regulation of Escherichia coli cultivated under anaerobic
... the establishment of pathogenic bacteria within the intes* ...
... the establishment of pathogenic bacteria within the intes* ...
Protein Nutrition of Dairy Cattle – An Overview
... both energy and protein sources being fed to ruminants, variability in production responses should not be surprising. Presumably, this variability can be because 1) amino acid requirements for ruminants are not defined adequately and 2) the supply and availability of amino acids from both microbes a ...
... both energy and protein sources being fed to ruminants, variability in production responses should not be surprising. Presumably, this variability can be because 1) amino acid requirements for ruminants are not defined adequately and 2) the supply and availability of amino acids from both microbes a ...
Chylomicron Remnants and Nonesterified Fatty Involved in Lipogenesis in Rats
... Treatment with nascent chylomicrons or remnants in the absence of insulin also did not affect SREBP-1c mRNA abundance. Accompanying the decrease in SREBP-1c expression, the release of active or mature SREBP-1c was inhibited by both nonesterified PUFA and PUFA-enriched remnants (Fig. 2B). Treatment w ...
... Treatment with nascent chylomicrons or remnants in the absence of insulin also did not affect SREBP-1c mRNA abundance. Accompanying the decrease in SREBP-1c expression, the release of active or mature SREBP-1c was inhibited by both nonesterified PUFA and PUFA-enriched remnants (Fig. 2B). Treatment w ...
Chemical synthesis of proteins
... should also remove the amino acid side-chain-protecting groups, which are stable to the Na-deprotection conditions. There are two main protocols that have been used for the solid-phase chemical synthesis of proteins. The first protocol uses the tertiary-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) group for Na-amino prot ...
... should also remove the amino acid side-chain-protecting groups, which are stable to the Na-deprotection conditions. There are two main protocols that have been used for the solid-phase chemical synthesis of proteins. The first protocol uses the tertiary-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) group for Na-amino prot ...
TFE3 contains two activation domains, one acidic and the other
... TFE3 shown to be sufficient for activation (Fig. 1 A). Interestingly, although the proline content in the highly conserved region is low (3/38), all three prolines are perfectly conserved. The two TFE3 activation domains activate transcription synergistically We showed previously that TFE3L is capab ...
... TFE3 shown to be sufficient for activation (Fig. 1 A). Interestingly, although the proline content in the highly conserved region is low (3/38), all three prolines are perfectly conserved. The two TFE3 activation domains activate transcription synergistically We showed previously that TFE3L is capab ...
Determination of Protein Molecular Weight
... In most cases, SDS binds to proteins in a constant ratio of 1.4 grams of SDS per gram of protein. On average, the number of bound SDS molecules is half the number of amino acid residues in the polypeptide. The amount of negative charge of the SDS is much more than the negative and positive charges o ...
... In most cases, SDS binds to proteins in a constant ratio of 1.4 grams of SDS per gram of protein. On average, the number of bound SDS molecules is half the number of amino acid residues in the polypeptide. The amount of negative charge of the SDS is much more than the negative and positive charges o ...
Ecological and molecular investigations of cyanotoxin production
... which in£uence toxin production, have been gained from the studies stated above. Individual studies are not readily comparable due to the di¡erent bacterial strains, culturing methods and toxin analyses employed by the various laboratories. Toxins (or toxicity) have commonly been measured via mouse ...
... which in£uence toxin production, have been gained from the studies stated above. Individual studies are not readily comparable due to the di¡erent bacterial strains, culturing methods and toxin analyses employed by the various laboratories. Toxins (or toxicity) have commonly been measured via mouse ...
The transcriptional regulator CprK detects chlorination by combining
... membrane anchored by a small protein and are corrinoid/ iron–sulfur-containing proteins. CprA Rdh isolated from Desulfitobacterium species are able to dechlorinate a range of halogen-substituted phenolic compounds [9–11]. In D. dehalogenans and D. hafniense, the CprA genes are under tight transcript ...
... membrane anchored by a small protein and are corrinoid/ iron–sulfur-containing proteins. CprA Rdh isolated from Desulfitobacterium species are able to dechlorinate a range of halogen-substituted phenolic compounds [9–11]. In D. dehalogenans and D. hafniense, the CprA genes are under tight transcript ...
Protein kinases - Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal
... 3. PhosphoNET: PhosphoNET presently holds data on more than 26,000 phosphorylation sites in over 5350 human proteins that have been collected from the scientific literature and other reputable websites. ...
... 3. PhosphoNET: PhosphoNET presently holds data on more than 26,000 phosphorylation sites in over 5350 human proteins that have been collected from the scientific literature and other reputable websites. ...
... amino acid protein belonging to the lipocalin protein superfamily (Pervaiz, S. and Brew, K. (1985) Science 228, 335-337). The 3' half encoded HI-30 which constitutes the Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitory (l.,.chein) domain of porcine inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (iaTl). In Northern blot hybridizati ...
Gene–Nutrition Interaction in Human Performance and Exercise
... training on gene expression and function are just beginning to be understood. Gene expression is highly regulated, involving many proteins and activated by multiple signals. In addition, gene expression and protein assembly are not completely correlated, and measures of gene expression are merely th ...
... training on gene expression and function are just beginning to be understood. Gene expression is highly regulated, involving many proteins and activated by multiple signals. In addition, gene expression and protein assembly are not completely correlated, and measures of gene expression are merely th ...
Computer-Based Design of Novel Protein Structures
... published a review of the diiron proteins they have designed from idealized models of fourhelix bundles. Coiled-coils are special because an analytic expression can be used to describe their allowed geometries. This property of coiledcoils was first explored by Francis Crick (7) and more recently has ...
... published a review of the diiron proteins they have designed from idealized models of fourhelix bundles. Coiled-coils are special because an analytic expression can be used to describe their allowed geometries. This property of coiledcoils was first explored by Francis Crick (7) and more recently has ...
Functional characterization of LePGT1, a membrane
... of membrane-bound AS-PTs has been reported regardless of origin. In particular, no characterization of plant AS-PTs has been reported. This is mainly because of the difficulty in handling these proteins. Representative of membrane-bound AS-PTs are the PPT [PHB (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) prenyltransfera ...
... of membrane-bound AS-PTs has been reported regardless of origin. In particular, no characterization of plant AS-PTs has been reported. This is mainly because of the difficulty in handling these proteins. Representative of membrane-bound AS-PTs are the PPT [PHB (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) prenyltransfera ...
Gene Section PKM2 (pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2) in Oncology and Haematology
... above the pyruvate kinase reaction and an increased channeling of glucose carbons into synthetic processes, i.e. DNA, phospholipid and amino acid synthesis. Tumor cells contain high levels of dimeric M2-PK, which has therefore been termed 'Tumor M2-PK'. The M2-PK tetramer to dimer ratio fluctuates i ...
... above the pyruvate kinase reaction and an increased channeling of glucose carbons into synthetic processes, i.e. DNA, phospholipid and amino acid synthesis. Tumor cells contain high levels of dimeric M2-PK, which has therefore been termed 'Tumor M2-PK'. The M2-PK tetramer to dimer ratio fluctuates i ...
a server for analyzing and predicting RNA
... Figure 1. Summary of RNABindR performance in predicting RNAbinding residues. Specificity versus sensitivity trade-off and the average performance statistics for RNABindR in leave-one-out cross-validation experiments on the RB147 dataset are shown. The plot shows the specificity and sensitivity values a ...
... Figure 1. Summary of RNABindR performance in predicting RNAbinding residues. Specificity versus sensitivity trade-off and the average performance statistics for RNABindR in leave-one-out cross-validation experiments on the RB147 dataset are shown. The plot shows the specificity and sensitivity values a ...