3.5 revision guide alcohols
... If the compound has an –OH group in addition to other functional groups that need a suffix ending then the OH can be named with the prefix hydroxy-): ...
... If the compound has an –OH group in addition to other functional groups that need a suffix ending then the OH can be named with the prefix hydroxy-): ...
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... 7. Methyl alcohol is industrially prepared from (a) CO + H 2 (b) C2 H 5 OH (c) CH 3 COCH 3 (d) CH 3 COOH 8. Benzyl alcohol is obtained from benzaldehyde by (a) Fittig's reaction (b)Cannizaro'sreaction (c) Kolbe'sreaction (d)Wurtz's reaction 9. Primary alcohols can be obtained from the reaction of th ...
... 7. Methyl alcohol is industrially prepared from (a) CO + H 2 (b) C2 H 5 OH (c) CH 3 COCH 3 (d) CH 3 COOH 8. Benzyl alcohol is obtained from benzaldehyde by (a) Fittig's reaction (b)Cannizaro'sreaction (c) Kolbe'sreaction (d)Wurtz's reaction 9. Primary alcohols can be obtained from the reaction of th ...
Notes on Substitutions and Eliminations
... synthesis. Substitution and Elimination reactions cover a broad range of reactions, leading to an even broader range of products. These two reaction classes are intimately connected, so learning to separate the reactions becomes the real challenge. Here are some tips and pointers to help you effecti ...
... synthesis. Substitution and Elimination reactions cover a broad range of reactions, leading to an even broader range of products. These two reaction classes are intimately connected, so learning to separate the reactions becomes the real challenge. Here are some tips and pointers to help you effecti ...
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... Halogenoalkanes can be made via the reverse reaction of making alcohols; the nucleophile is Hal-. Eg. 1-bromobutane is made using a nucleophilic substitution reaction between butan-1-ol and Br- ions, in the presence of a strong acid. Ist step: H+ ions bond to O atom on the alcohol: ...
... Halogenoalkanes can be made via the reverse reaction of making alcohols; the nucleophile is Hal-. Eg. 1-bromobutane is made using a nucleophilic substitution reaction between butan-1-ol and Br- ions, in the presence of a strong acid. Ist step: H+ ions bond to O atom on the alcohol: ...
Epoxyalkyl peptide derivatives as active-site
... On the basis of this knowledge of the catalytic mechanism of asparagine N-glycosyltransferases, we have designed and synthesized two hexapeptides as potential active-site-directed inhibitors for this class of enzymes. Both compounds are derived from the basic sequence Arg-Asn-Gly-Yaa-Ala-Val-OMe, wh ...
... On the basis of this knowledge of the catalytic mechanism of asparagine N-glycosyltransferases, we have designed and synthesized two hexapeptides as potential active-site-directed inhibitors for this class of enzymes. Both compounds are derived from the basic sequence Arg-Asn-Gly-Yaa-Ala-Val-OMe, wh ...
radicals
... Decarboxylation produce CO2, and are thus thermodynamically favorable. These reactions proceed most readily when the COOH moiety is attached to an electronegative atom, like oxygen or nitrogen. ...
... Decarboxylation produce CO2, and are thus thermodynamically favorable. These reactions proceed most readily when the COOH moiety is attached to an electronegative atom, like oxygen or nitrogen. ...
CHE 312 Answers in BOLD RED EXAM 1 KEY (Ch. 16
... The biggest disadvantage of acid anhydrides as reagents for use in synthesis is that A. half the carboxyl is wasted B. they are too inert C. they are very expensive D. they are unstable ...
... The biggest disadvantage of acid anhydrides as reagents for use in synthesis is that A. half the carboxyl is wasted B. they are too inert C. they are very expensive D. they are unstable ...
Alkanes
... Unsaturated carbon chain, contains at least 1 double bond How do you name alkenes? 1 Count longest chain 2 Name double bond with lowest number 3 Name substituents. ...
... Unsaturated carbon chain, contains at least 1 double bond How do you name alkenes? 1 Count longest chain 2 Name double bond with lowest number 3 Name substituents. ...
Lecture 15
... zinc • Deprotonation of nicotinamide ribose by His-51 • Deprotonation of Ser-48 by nicotinamide ribose • Deprotonation of the alcohol by Ser-48 • Hydride transfer from the alkoxide ion to NAD+, leading to NADH and a zinc bound aldehyde or ketone • Release of the product aldehyde ...
... zinc • Deprotonation of nicotinamide ribose by His-51 • Deprotonation of Ser-48 by nicotinamide ribose • Deprotonation of the alcohol by Ser-48 • Hydride transfer from the alkoxide ion to NAD+, leading to NADH and a zinc bound aldehyde or ketone • Release of the product aldehyde ...
A-level Paper 2 Practice Paper 1 - A
... Cetrimide is used as an antiseptic. [CH3(CH2)15N(CH3)3]+ Br– cetrimide Name this type of compound. Give the reagent that must be added to CH3(CH2)15NH2 to make cetrimide and state the reaction conditions. Name the type of mechanism involved in this reaction. ...
... Cetrimide is used as an antiseptic. [CH3(CH2)15N(CH3)3]+ Br– cetrimide Name this type of compound. Give the reagent that must be added to CH3(CH2)15NH2 to make cetrimide and state the reaction conditions. Name the type of mechanism involved in this reaction. ...
Classification of Halogen Derivatives
... Aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction. Their low reactivity is attributed due to the following reasons: 1. Due to resonance, C-X bond has partial double bond character. 2. Stabilisation of the molecule by delocalisation of electrons. 3. (Instability of phenyl carb ...
... Aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction. Their low reactivity is attributed due to the following reasons: 1. Due to resonance, C-X bond has partial double bond character. 2. Stabilisation of the molecule by delocalisation of electrons. 3. (Instability of phenyl carb ...
The SN2 Reaction: 1
... aqueous mixtures. The NaBr-H2S04 method is preferred to the Br2S02 method because of the unpleasant, choking property of sulfur dioxide. The overall equation is given above, along with key properties of the starting material and principal product. The probable by-products are 1-butene, dibutyl ether ...
... aqueous mixtures. The NaBr-H2S04 method is preferred to the Br2S02 method because of the unpleasant, choking property of sulfur dioxide. The overall equation is given above, along with key properties of the starting material and principal product. The probable by-products are 1-butene, dibutyl ether ...
4.5: Bonding in Alcohols and Alkyl Halides
... 4.4: Classes of Alcohols and Alkyl Halides - Alcohols and alkyl halides are classified as according to the degree of substitution of the carbon bearing the halogen or -OH group OH primary (1°) : one alkyl substituent secondary (2°) : two alkyl substituents tertiary (3°) : three alkyl substituents 2- ...
... 4.4: Classes of Alcohols and Alkyl Halides - Alcohols and alkyl halides are classified as according to the degree of substitution of the carbon bearing the halogen or -OH group OH primary (1°) : one alkyl substituent secondary (2°) : two alkyl substituents tertiary (3°) : three alkyl substituents 2- ...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Epoxides
... aromatic ring has been converted into an epoxide. What happens to aromatic compounds when they enter the body as a foreign substance (such as cigarette smoke, drugs, charcoalbroiled meats or automobile exhaust)? ...
... aromatic ring has been converted into an epoxide. What happens to aromatic compounds when they enter the body as a foreign substance (such as cigarette smoke, drugs, charcoalbroiled meats or automobile exhaust)? ...
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... change in the receptor site. Not produced by the body. An organic molecule containing a carbon atom with a + charge. Intermediates in the electrophilic addition reactions of alkenes. A carbon atom with 4 different atoms or groups of atoms attached. A reaction in which two molecules join together and ...
... change in the receptor site. Not produced by the body. An organic molecule containing a carbon atom with a + charge. Intermediates in the electrophilic addition reactions of alkenes. A carbon atom with 4 different atoms or groups of atoms attached. A reaction in which two molecules join together and ...
chemistry 2 - waiukucollegescience
... In order to distinguish between propan-1-ol and propene a student said it was necessary to use bromine water rather than acidified potassium permanganate. Discuss this statement. ...
... In order to distinguish between propan-1-ol and propene a student said it was necessary to use bromine water rather than acidified potassium permanganate. Discuss this statement. ...
CHE-06 year 2004
... Outline ring bromination and sulphonation reactions of the following compounds. In each (7) case give the structure of the major reaction product(s). Also indicate whether the reaction would occur faster or slower than the corresponding reaction of benzene. i) ii) iii) ...
... Outline ring bromination and sulphonation reactions of the following compounds. In each (7) case give the structure of the major reaction product(s). Also indicate whether the reaction would occur faster or slower than the corresponding reaction of benzene. i) ii) iii) ...
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... compound you will reduce in Experiment 15.1. The reduction of the carbonyl group takes place by the nucleophilic attack of BH4- on the carbon. In this reaction, the large amount of ethanol used as the solvent converts the product alkoxide to the product alcohol. ...
... compound you will reduce in Experiment 15.1. The reduction of the carbonyl group takes place by the nucleophilic attack of BH4- on the carbon. In this reaction, the large amount of ethanol used as the solvent converts the product alkoxide to the product alcohol. ...
Chapter 10 The Chemistry of Alcohols and Thiols
... balanced half-reaction.) The iodine can be assigned an oxidation number of +7 in periodate and +5 in iodate. How do we know this? Assign +2 to every oxygen because oxygen is divalent and presumably has two bonds to the iodine. (See the top of text p. 456 for a similar case.) Assign a –1 for every ne ...
... balanced half-reaction.) The iodine can be assigned an oxidation number of +7 in periodate and +5 in iodate. How do we know this? Assign +2 to every oxygen because oxygen is divalent and presumably has two bonds to the iodine. (See the top of text p. 456 for a similar case.) Assign a –1 for every ne ...
Microsoft Word - Final Exam Study Guide
... alcohols/ethers/epoxides, multistep synthesis, protecting groups, redox reactions, reagents for redox reactions, Grignard reaction 1. Mechanisms. These are the very basic types of mechanisms. You should also be able to explain regiochemistry and stereochemistry outcomes, as well as rearrangements, e ...
... alcohols/ethers/epoxides, multistep synthesis, protecting groups, redox reactions, reagents for redox reactions, Grignard reaction 1. Mechanisms. These are the very basic types of mechanisms. You should also be able to explain regiochemistry and stereochemistry outcomes, as well as rearrangements, e ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034 PART-A
... second order in HNO2. Explain. How will you determine the configuration of a) () mandelic acid with respect to (+) lactic acid? b) () lactic acid with respect to (+) tartaric acid? How will you correlate the configuration of (+)--phenyl--methylbutyric acid and ()-2phenyl-2-butanol by Baeyer-Vil ...
... second order in HNO2. Explain. How will you determine the configuration of a) () mandelic acid with respect to (+) lactic acid? b) () lactic acid with respect to (+) tartaric acid? How will you correlate the configuration of (+)--phenyl--methylbutyric acid and ()-2phenyl-2-butanol by Baeyer-Vil ...
Samantha Landolfa Amy Ryan Section 10 Experiment 9 – Alkenes
... In this experiment, 2-methyl-2-butanol is dehydrated to produce a mixture of two isomers that can be analyzed by gas chromatography. The dehydration of the alcohol is accomplished via an E1 elimination reaction. The rates of reactivity are tertiary > secondary > primary. An E1 reaction is favored wh ...
... In this experiment, 2-methyl-2-butanol is dehydrated to produce a mixture of two isomers that can be analyzed by gas chromatography. The dehydration of the alcohol is accomplished via an E1 elimination reaction. The rates of reactivity are tertiary > secondary > primary. An E1 reaction is favored wh ...
Chapter 25 Organic and Biological Chemistry
... To Name a Compound… 1. Find the longest chain in the molecule. 2. Number the chain from the end nearest the first substituent encountered. 3. List the substituents as a prefix along with the number(s) of the carbon(s) to which they are attached. ...
... To Name a Compound… 1. Find the longest chain in the molecule. 2. Number the chain from the end nearest the first substituent encountered. 3. List the substituents as a prefix along with the number(s) of the carbon(s) to which they are attached. ...
The Chemistry of Alkyl Halides - Welcome to people.pharmacy
... In a stereospecific reaction with a given stereochemistry—anti-elimination, in this case—a diastereomeric product requires a diastereomeric starting material (either enantiomer). The easiest path to the answer is to convert the starting material in Eq. 9.40a into its diastereomer by the interchange ...
... In a stereospecific reaction with a given stereochemistry—anti-elimination, in this case—a diastereomeric product requires a diastereomeric starting material (either enantiomer). The easiest path to the answer is to convert the starting material in Eq. 9.40a into its diastereomer by the interchange ...
Nucleophilic Substitution Swapping
... Note: NaOH or KOH, NaCN etc is the source of The OH¯ , and CN¯ above as they are ionic But we can ignore the metals as spectators NaOH ---> Na⁺ + OH⁻ ...
... Note: NaOH or KOH, NaCN etc is the source of The OH¯ , and CN¯ above as they are ionic But we can ignore the metals as spectators NaOH ---> Na⁺ + OH⁻ ...
Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement
The Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement (TDR) is the chemical reaction of a 1-aminomethyl-cycloalkanol with nitrous acid to form an enlarged cycloketone.The Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion, Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement, or TDR, provides an easy way to increase amino-substituted cycloalkanes and cycloalkanols in size by one carbon. Ring sizes from cyclopropane through cyclooctane are able to undergo Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion with some degree of success. Yields decrease as initial ring size increases, and the ideal use of TDR is for synthesis of five, six, and seven membered rings. A principal synthetic application of Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion is to bicyclic or polycyclic systems. Several reviews on this reaction have been published.