Organic Molecules and Simple Reactions
... The functional groups contribute to the chemical properties of organic molecules. In many cases it is a functional group that becomes involved in a chemical reaction. a. Table 1 shows the number of chemical bonds formed by some atoms. Using this information, draw the structural formula for each of t ...
... The functional groups contribute to the chemical properties of organic molecules. In many cases it is a functional group that becomes involved in a chemical reaction. a. Table 1 shows the number of chemical bonds formed by some atoms. Using this information, draw the structural formula for each of t ...
4. Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is a controversial food preservative added
... b) the reaction between aqueous solutions of cobalt(III) nitrate and sodium hydroxide to form aqueous sodium nitrate and solid cobalt(III) hydroxide. c) the reaction between solid zinc and aqueous hydrochloric acid in a single replacement reaction. d) classify the reactions in (a) and (b). 9. Hydrog ...
... b) the reaction between aqueous solutions of cobalt(III) nitrate and sodium hydroxide to form aqueous sodium nitrate and solid cobalt(III) hydroxide. c) the reaction between solid zinc and aqueous hydrochloric acid in a single replacement reaction. d) classify the reactions in (a) and (b). 9. Hydrog ...
semester two final review key units 5 and 6 only
... Polymer: any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules, that are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers. Biochemistry: sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living orga ...
... Polymer: any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules, that are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers. Biochemistry: sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living orga ...
Types of Chemical Reactions
... The combustion reaction may also be an example of an earlier type such as 2Mg + O2 2MgO. The combustion reaction may be burning of a fuel. ...
... The combustion reaction may also be an example of an earlier type such as 2Mg + O2 2MgO. The combustion reaction may be burning of a fuel. ...
Chem 3.5 Questions 09
... Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) is an ester with a characteristic odour and a component of liniment. Salicylic acid (used to manufacture aspirin) can be prepared from methyl salicylate in the following way: 1. Methyl salicylate is refluxed with sodium hydroxide for 30 minutes during which two ...
... Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) is an ester with a characteristic odour and a component of liniment. Salicylic acid (used to manufacture aspirin) can be prepared from methyl salicylate in the following way: 1. Methyl salicylate is refluxed with sodium hydroxide for 30 minutes during which two ...
+ H 2 O(l )
... What if the solution was basic? Notice that the method has assumed the solution was acidic - we added H+ to balance the equation. The [H+] in a basic solution is very small. The [OH-] is much greater. For this reason, we will add enough OH- ions to both sides of the equation to neutralize the H+ ad ...
... What if the solution was basic? Notice that the method has assumed the solution was acidic - we added H+ to balance the equation. The [H+] in a basic solution is very small. The [OH-] is much greater. For this reason, we will add enough OH- ions to both sides of the equation to neutralize the H+ ad ...
Discussion Sheet 11
... Alcohols can be made from many functional groups Alcohols can be made into many functional groups Problem 1. Fill in the reagents for these reactions ...
... Alcohols can be made from many functional groups Alcohols can be made into many functional groups Problem 1. Fill in the reagents for these reactions ...
eprint_1_2917_493
... Disaccharides They are carbohydrates which yield two molecules of the same or different monosaccharides when hydrolysed . Their general formula is C12H22O11 and examples are sucrose , lactose and ...
... Disaccharides They are carbohydrates which yield two molecules of the same or different monosaccharides when hydrolysed . Their general formula is C12H22O11 and examples are sucrose , lactose and ...
Regents Chemistry Review Questions
... What is something acids, bases, and salts have in common? Which ion do Arrhenius acids release in solution? Which ion do Arrhenius bases release in solution? What is the alternate definition of an acid? What is the alternate definition of a base? What is the chemical formula for ammonia? Is it an ac ...
... What is something acids, bases, and salts have in common? Which ion do Arrhenius acids release in solution? Which ion do Arrhenius bases release in solution? What is the alternate definition of an acid? What is the alternate definition of a base? What is the chemical formula for ammonia? Is it an ac ...
Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
... Never change a subscript to balance an equation (You can only change coefficients) – If you change the subscript (formula) you are describing a different chemical. – H2O is a different compound than H2O2 Never put a coefficient in the middle of a formula; they must go only in the front ...
... Never change a subscript to balance an equation (You can only change coefficients) – If you change the subscript (formula) you are describing a different chemical. – H2O is a different compound than H2O2 Never put a coefficient in the middle of a formula; they must go only in the front ...
16.2: Structure and Bonding in Ethers and Epoxides
... • Works best for methyl- and 1°-halides or tosylates. • E2 elimination is a competing reaction with 2° -halides or tosylates • 3° halides undergo E2 elimination • Vinyl and aryl halides do not react ...
... • Works best for methyl- and 1°-halides or tosylates. • E2 elimination is a competing reaction with 2° -halides or tosylates • 3° halides undergo E2 elimination • Vinyl and aryl halides do not react ...
ch11 - alcohols and ethers
... Base-catalyzed reaction with strong nucleophiles (e.g. an alkoxide or hydroxide) occurs by an SN2 mechanism l The nucleophile attacks at the less stericallyhindered ...
... Base-catalyzed reaction with strong nucleophiles (e.g. an alkoxide or hydroxide) occurs by an SN2 mechanism l The nucleophile attacks at the less stericallyhindered ...
New Phenylglycine-Derived Primary Amine Organocatalysts for the
... We reasoned that the most convenient starting material for primary amine organocatalysts would be a natural or readily available synthetic amino acid, just as is the case for the more common secondary amine organocatalysts 9–12 (Figure 2). ...
... We reasoned that the most convenient starting material for primary amine organocatalysts would be a natural or readily available synthetic amino acid, just as is the case for the more common secondary amine organocatalysts 9–12 (Figure 2). ...
chemical reaction
... – how many moles of products are produced with given a number of moles of reactants. ...
... – how many moles of products are produced with given a number of moles of reactants. ...
Making esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols
... Carboxylic acids and alcohols are often warmed together in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid in order to observe the smell of the esters formed. You would normally use small quantities of everything heated in a test tube stood in a hot water bath for a couple of minutes. Bec ...
... Carboxylic acids and alcohols are often warmed together in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid in order to observe the smell of the esters formed. You would normally use small quantities of everything heated in a test tube stood in a hot water bath for a couple of minutes. Bec ...
Introduction to Chemical Reactions
... All content by HST Educational Innovations © 2012. All rights reserved. Use of this material is invited with proper attribution to the source. ...
... All content by HST Educational Innovations © 2012. All rights reserved. Use of this material is invited with proper attribution to the source. ...
877-Alcohols Carboxylic acids and Esters Presentation
... The formula gives us clues about the structure of the molecule The oxygen and hydrogen in the alcohol functional group are bonded and so are written together ...
... The formula gives us clues about the structure of the molecule The oxygen and hydrogen in the alcohol functional group are bonded and so are written together ...
Carbohydrates as versatile platforms in the construction
... valuable addition to the multicomponent reaction repertoire. The Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction, transforming an azide and an aldehyde to an imine under the influence of a phosphine, meets these criteria. The realization that azides are readily introduced into carbohydrate structures, and that aldeh ...
... valuable addition to the multicomponent reaction repertoire. The Staudinger-aza-Wittig reaction, transforming an azide and an aldehyde to an imine under the influence of a phosphine, meets these criteria. The realization that azides are readily introduced into carbohydrate structures, and that aldeh ...
Strychnine total synthesis
Strychnine total synthesis in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the complex biomolecule strychnine. The first reported method by the group of Robert Burns Woodward in 1954 is considered a classic in this research field. At the time it formed the natural conclusion to an elaborate process of molecular structure elucidation that started with the isolation of strychnine from the beans of Strychnos ignatii by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818. Major contributors to the entire effort were Sir Robert Robinson with over 250 publications and Hermann Leuchs with another 125 papers in a time span of 40 years. Robinson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947 for his work on alkaloids, strychnine included. The process of chemical identification was completed with publications in 1946 by Robinson and later confirmed by Woodward in 1947. X-ray structures establishing the absolute configuration became available between 1947 and 1951 with publications from J. M. Bijvoet and J.H. Robertson .Woodward published a very brief account on the strychnine synthesis in 1954 (just 3 pages) and a lengthy one (42 pages) in 1963.Many more methods exist and reported by the research groups of Magnus, Overman, Kuehne, Rawal, Bosch, Vollhardt, Mori, Shibasaki, Li, Fukuyama Vanderwal and MacMillan. Synthetic (+)-strychnine is also known. Racemic synthesises were published by Padwa in 2007 and in 2010 by Andrade and by Reissig.In his 1963 publication Woodward quoted Sir Robert Robinson who said for its molecular size it is the most complex substance known.