Imitation: is cognitive neuroscience solving the correspondence
... by Prinz and colleagues in a series of reaction time experiments using interference paradigms [13–15]. The logic behind their approach is very simple. If observation of an action, A, leads to activation of an internal motor representation of A, then observation of A while preparing to execute an alt ...
... by Prinz and colleagues in a series of reaction time experiments using interference paradigms [13–15]. The logic behind their approach is very simple. If observation of an action, A, leads to activation of an internal motor representation of A, then observation of A while preparing to execute an alt ...
Motor systems Basal ganglia
... You have just read about the different motor-related cortical areas. Premotor areas are involved in planning, while MI is involved in execution. What you don’t know is that the cortical areas involved in movement control need “help” from other brain circuits in order to smoothly orchestrate motor be ...
... You have just read about the different motor-related cortical areas. Premotor areas are involved in planning, while MI is involved in execution. What you don’t know is that the cortical areas involved in movement control need “help” from other brain circuits in order to smoothly orchestrate motor be ...
Rules relating connections to cortical structure in primate prefrontal cortex H. Barbas
... areas in comparison with the eulaminate areas can be explained if limbic areas complete their development earlier than the eulaminate, at a time when cell cycle duration is longer and fewer cells migrate to the cortex [7]. Conversely, the higher density of neurons in eulaminate areas is consistent w ...
... areas in comparison with the eulaminate areas can be explained if limbic areas complete their development earlier than the eulaminate, at a time when cell cycle duration is longer and fewer cells migrate to the cortex [7]. Conversely, the higher density of neurons in eulaminate areas is consistent w ...
Neurodynamical modeling of arbitrary visuomotor tasks
... learning must be considered more carefully. After a short overview of the modeling literature, we present an extensive summary of the work done during the PhD. We conclude the introductory chapter with an outlook and future ideas for further modeling work. After the introduction, we present in four ...
... learning must be considered more carefully. After a short overview of the modeling literature, we present an extensive summary of the work done during the PhD. We conclude the introductory chapter with an outlook and future ideas for further modeling work. After the introduction, we present in four ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... These data suggest that the nucleus of the solitary tract probably contains a subpopulation of cardiovascular-related neurons whose bioelectrical activity may be affected by exogenous vasopressin. In the present study, using electrophysiological recordings from brain-stem slices, we show that vasopr ...
... These data suggest that the nucleus of the solitary tract probably contains a subpopulation of cardiovascular-related neurons whose bioelectrical activity may be affected by exogenous vasopressin. In the present study, using electrophysiological recordings from brain-stem slices, we show that vasopr ...
Serotonin Receptors – From Molecular Biology to
... acting as one of the neurotransmitters at synapses of nerve cells. Serotonin acts through several receptor types and subtypes. The profusion of 5-HT receptors should eventually allow a better understanding of the different and complex processes in which serotonin is involved. Its role is expected in ...
... acting as one of the neurotransmitters at synapses of nerve cells. Serotonin acts through several receptor types and subtypes. The profusion of 5-HT receptors should eventually allow a better understanding of the different and complex processes in which serotonin is involved. Its role is expected in ...
Fig. 2 - eNeuro
... used to drive the glass blob to tap the tadpole forehead to simulate its physical head-on clashes with a solid surface. The speed of tap could be adjusted by changing the sinewave frequency to match natural swimming speed (⬃36 mm/s). To exclude the involvement of the cement gland in KO responses, th ...
... used to drive the glass blob to tap the tadpole forehead to simulate its physical head-on clashes with a solid surface. The speed of tap could be adjusted by changing the sinewave frequency to match natural swimming speed (⬃36 mm/s). To exclude the involvement of the cement gland in KO responses, th ...
Stress and Glucocorticoids Affect the Expression of Brain
... ticoids hasten the loss of hippocampal neurons that normally occurs during aging (Landfield, 1987). As the hippocampus is important in cognitive processes such as learning and memory, neuronal damage to this structure may be linked to the cognitive impairments that occur during aging and chronic str ...
... ticoids hasten the loss of hippocampal neurons that normally occurs during aging (Landfield, 1987). As the hippocampus is important in cognitive processes such as learning and memory, neuronal damage to this structure may be linked to the cognitive impairments that occur during aging and chronic str ...
Divided by Cytochrome Oxidase: A Map of the Projections from V1 to
... release of BDNF from presynaptic terminals in cortical neurons (37). A recent report (38) provides evidence for activity-dependent postsynaptic release of BDNF from cultured hippocampal neurons. However, because this BDNF release has not yet been directly correlated with LTP recordings, more work is ...
... release of BDNF from presynaptic terminals in cortical neurons (37). A recent report (38) provides evidence for activity-dependent postsynaptic release of BDNF from cultured hippocampal neurons. However, because this BDNF release has not yet been directly correlated with LTP recordings, more work is ...
Horizontal Interactions in Cat Striate Cortex: 1. Anatomical Substrate
... After 2 or 3 days of survival animals that received only WGA-HRP injections and whose visual cortex was to be prepared for tangential sectioning (see Table l), were anaesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride, and killed with an overdose injection of pentobarbitone sodium (N ...
... After 2 or 3 days of survival animals that received only WGA-HRP injections and whose visual cortex was to be prepared for tangential sectioning (see Table l), were anaesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride, and killed with an overdose injection of pentobarbitone sodium (N ...
Synapse
... The role of phenotypic sensitivity to drugs of abuse has received considerable attention as it may help unravel the complex mechanisms that control gene function and therefore drug-induced behavioral responses (Crabbe and Belknap, 1992; Goldman, 1995). In the case of cocaine and ethanol, rodent and ...
... The role of phenotypic sensitivity to drugs of abuse has received considerable attention as it may help unravel the complex mechanisms that control gene function and therefore drug-induced behavioral responses (Crabbe and Belknap, 1992; Goldman, 1995). In the case of cocaine and ethanol, rodent and ...
A behavioral switch: cGMP and PKC signaling in olfactory neurons
... Despite strong innate preferences, chemosensory behaviors of C. elegans can be altered by adaptation, sensitization, and associative learning. A striking change in behavior is caused by starving animals in the presence of NaCl, which is normally an attractive taste. Starvation/salt pairing for as li ...
... Despite strong innate preferences, chemosensory behaviors of C. elegans can be altered by adaptation, sensitization, and associative learning. A striking change in behavior is caused by starving animals in the presence of NaCl, which is normally an attractive taste. Starvation/salt pairing for as li ...
Self-Organizing Feature Maps with Lateral Connections: Modeling
... correlations in input during development, they can potentially form long-term representations of input regularities such as gestalt rules [19]; and (4) by combining such representations with input activity, they may also perform feature grouping and segmentation during perception [19]. Therefore, to ...
... correlations in input during development, they can potentially form long-term representations of input regularities such as gestalt rules [19]; and (4) by combining such representations with input activity, they may also perform feature grouping and segmentation during perception [19]. Therefore, to ...
GENETIC MECH.Epilepsy2005 - University of Colorado Denver
... networks. The initially localized hyperexcitability spreads into surrounding neuronal networks, where it might be either counterbalanced by inhibitory mechanisms, or, after involving more and more neurons, cause a clinically visible seizure. A related but different mechanism is found in absence seiz ...
... networks. The initially localized hyperexcitability spreads into surrounding neuronal networks, where it might be either counterbalanced by inhibitory mechanisms, or, after involving more and more neurons, cause a clinically visible seizure. A related but different mechanism is found in absence seiz ...
Lesser
... Tübingen in Germany and his co-workers found that people with damage to, or shrinkage of, part or all of the cerebellum are prone to make errors in tests in which they are asked to detect the presence, speed and direction of moving patterns. In addition, Hermann Ackermann and his collaborators, also ...
... Tübingen in Germany and his co-workers found that people with damage to, or shrinkage of, part or all of the cerebellum are prone to make errors in tests in which they are asked to detect the presence, speed and direction of moving patterns. In addition, Hermann Ackermann and his collaborators, also ...
Long thought to be solely the BRAIN`S COORDINATOR of body
... Tübingen in Germany and his co-workers found that people with damage to, or shrinkage of, part or all of the cerebellum are prone to make errors in tests in which they are asked to detect the presence, speed and direction of moving patterns. In addition, Hermann Ackermann and his collaborators, also ...
... Tübingen in Germany and his co-workers found that people with damage to, or shrinkage of, part or all of the cerebellum are prone to make errors in tests in which they are asked to detect the presence, speed and direction of moving patterns. In addition, Hermann Ackermann and his collaborators, also ...
The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
... definition but recent studies indicate that it is excitatory and possibly glutamatergic 6'7. The neurotransmitter of SNc neurons is dopamine (DA). The striatum is primarily composed of projection neurons 8'9. Studies in rats suggested that striatal projection neurons give rise to extensive collatera ...
... definition but recent studies indicate that it is excitatory and possibly glutamatergic 6'7. The neurotransmitter of SNc neurons is dopamine (DA). The striatum is primarily composed of projection neurons 8'9. Studies in rats suggested that striatal projection neurons give rise to extensive collatera ...
Confidence-Related Decision Making
... decision. Noise resulting from the random spiking times of individual neurons makes the decision making probabilistic. We also show that a second attractor network can make decisions based on the confidence in the first decision. This system is supported by and accounts for neuronal responses record ...
... decision. Noise resulting from the random spiking times of individual neurons makes the decision making probabilistic. We also show that a second attractor network can make decisions based on the confidence in the first decision. This system is supported by and accounts for neuronal responses record ...
Dopamine`s Actions in Primate Prefrontal Cortex
... from DA “salience cells” that respond to aversive as well as rewarding stimuli. dlPFC Delay cells generate persistent representations of visual spatial position across the delay epoch and are thought to be concentrated in deep layer III (and possibly superficial layer V), whereas Response-related ce ...
... from DA “salience cells” that respond to aversive as well as rewarding stimuli. dlPFC Delay cells generate persistent representations of visual spatial position across the delay epoch and are thought to be concentrated in deep layer III (and possibly superficial layer V), whereas Response-related ce ...
Production of nerve growth factor by
... ratio of TrkA and p75NTR expression may result in increased NGF apoptotic signaling through p75NTR. We hypothesized that Ab exerts indirect neurotoxic effects by inducing astrocytic NGF production, which may act in concert with other inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), to induce hippoc ...
... ratio of TrkA and p75NTR expression may result in increased NGF apoptotic signaling through p75NTR. We hypothesized that Ab exerts indirect neurotoxic effects by inducing astrocytic NGF production, which may act in concert with other inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), to induce hippoc ...
When the Sun Prickles Your Nose: An EEG Study Identifying
... Although generally considered harmless, it has been hypothesized that photic sneezing is at least in part a causal factor in conduction deafness, mediastinorrhexis and cerebral hemorrhage [3]. Lang & Howland [8] point out that photic sneezing could be dangerous for individuals in certain professions ...
... Although generally considered harmless, it has been hypothesized that photic sneezing is at least in part a causal factor in conduction deafness, mediastinorrhexis and cerebral hemorrhage [3]. Lang & Howland [8] point out that photic sneezing could be dangerous for individuals in certain professions ...
Neural Basis of Brain Dysfunction Produced by Early Sleep Problems
... Abstract: There is a wealth of evidence that disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms, which are common in modern society even during the early stages of life, have unfavorable effects on brain function. Altered brain function can cause problem behaviors later in life, such as truancy from or dropping ...
... Abstract: There is a wealth of evidence that disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms, which are common in modern society even during the early stages of life, have unfavorable effects on brain function. Altered brain function can cause problem behaviors later in life, such as truancy from or dropping ...
Stress effects on memory
... Stress exerts, mediated via catecholamines and glucocorticoids, manifold effects on health, emotion, and cognition (de Kloet et al., 2005). Here we focus on how stress affects learning and memory processes. In the first part of this review, we briefly summarize the effects of (acute) stress on (hippoc ...
... Stress exerts, mediated via catecholamines and glucocorticoids, manifold effects on health, emotion, and cognition (de Kloet et al., 2005). Here we focus on how stress affects learning and memory processes. In the first part of this review, we briefly summarize the effects of (acute) stress on (hippoc ...
Adaptation of Firing Rate and Spike
... 21) or posthatch stage (postnatal day 1)] were decapitated rapidly, and a 1 cm section of the skull containing the brainstem was removed with a razor blade and immersed in ice-cold artificial CSF (ACSF) composed of the following (in mM): 130 NaCl, 3 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 1.25 NaH2PO4, 26 NaHCO3, 2 MgCl2, an ...
... 21) or posthatch stage (postnatal day 1)] were decapitated rapidly, and a 1 cm section of the skull containing the brainstem was removed with a razor blade and immersed in ice-cold artificial CSF (ACSF) composed of the following (in mM): 130 NaCl, 3 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 1.25 NaH2PO4, 26 NaHCO3, 2 MgCl2, an ...
Dendritic Spine Density Varies Between Unisensory
... biophysical differences between unisensory and multisensory neurons. ...
... biophysical differences between unisensory and multisensory neurons. ...