... In this dissertation we address the issue of understanding the phenomenon of human emotions. To do so we pose the question of how we can construct biologically plausible embodied models of emotions. The motivation to ask this question is based on our strong belief that we can understand the nature o ...
An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
... divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. • 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. • 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they function. ...
... divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. • 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. • 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they function. ...
Molecules and mechanisms of dendrite development in Drosophila
... Dendrites – processes of neurons that are primarily specialized for information input – are one of nature’s remarkable architectural feats, and the diverse growth patterns shown by dendritic arbors raise important developmental questions. The particular shapes of dendrites are important in neuronal ...
... Dendrites – processes of neurons that are primarily specialized for information input – are one of nature’s remarkable architectural feats, and the diverse growth patterns shown by dendritic arbors raise important developmental questions. The particular shapes of dendrites are important in neuronal ...
Brain Stimulation for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
... Anderson did show, however, a reduced burst firing pattern during DBS, which may support the notion that DBS may exert its therapeutic effects via a modulation of basal ganglia firing patterns rather than by changing firing rates. Similar results have also been observed with a rodent model of DBS (C ...
... Anderson did show, however, a reduced burst firing pattern during DBS, which may support the notion that DBS may exert its therapeutic effects via a modulation of basal ganglia firing patterns rather than by changing firing rates. Similar results have also been observed with a rodent model of DBS (C ...
Read Article - University of Northern Colorado
... emerges to account for the varying findings for the hippocampus. There are a variety of potentially confounding factors in autism research that challenge the scientific community that are not MRI specific, such as age, gender, IQ, and the inherent heterogeneity of the disorder separate from these ot ...
... emerges to account for the varying findings for the hippocampus. There are a variety of potentially confounding factors in autism research that challenge the scientific community that are not MRI specific, such as age, gender, IQ, and the inherent heterogeneity of the disorder separate from these ot ...
15-5 Somatic Motor Pathways
... o Sometimes called the pyramidal system o Provides voluntary control over skeletal muscles System begins at pyramidal cells of primary motor cortex Axons of these upper motor neurons descend into brain stem and spinal cord to synapse on lower motor neurons that control skeletal ...
... o Sometimes called the pyramidal system o Provides voluntary control over skeletal muscles System begins at pyramidal cells of primary motor cortex Axons of these upper motor neurons descend into brain stem and spinal cord to synapse on lower motor neurons that control skeletal ...
Pontine Gustatory Activity Is Altered by Electrical Stimulation in the
... tastants were applied during concurrent CeA stimulation. In most cases a neuron was held long enough to complete the second control series. This was done to assess the stability of the recorded neuron and to determine whether CeA stimulation produced any prolonged effects on gustatory responsiveness ...
... tastants were applied during concurrent CeA stimulation. In most cases a neuron was held long enough to complete the second control series. This was done to assess the stability of the recorded neuron and to determine whether CeA stimulation produced any prolonged effects on gustatory responsiveness ...
judasMRT99
... hippocampus NO induces calcium-independent neurotransmitter release in a population of synapses at all stages of maturation (Sporns and Jenkinson, 1997). Some recently published results, however, have shown that the virtual absence of NOS activity fails to prevent the formation of ocular dominance c ...
... hippocampus NO induces calcium-independent neurotransmitter release in a population of synapses at all stages of maturation (Sporns and Jenkinson, 1997). Some recently published results, however, have shown that the virtual absence of NOS activity fails to prevent the formation of ocular dominance c ...
Sleep and metabolism: Role of hypothalamic
... increase hunger and appetite.19,20 This is illustrated most profoundly in cross-sectional and prospective epidemiologic studies that indicate there is a strong dose-dependent effect of sleep reduction on the incidence of diabetes and obesity.19,21 One limitation of many human epidemiologic studies i ...
... increase hunger and appetite.19,20 This is illustrated most profoundly in cross-sectional and prospective epidemiologic studies that indicate there is a strong dose-dependent effect of sleep reduction on the incidence of diabetes and obesity.19,21 One limitation of many human epidemiologic studies i ...
Coding of Auditory-Stimulus Identity in the Auditory Non
... In contrast, in the ventral auditory pathway, the computational mechanisms that lead from the coding of the sensory features of an auditory stimulus to higher-order representations are relatively unknown. In particular, it is not known how (or even whether) information is transformed between areas o ...
... In contrast, in the ventral auditory pathway, the computational mechanisms that lead from the coding of the sensory features of an auditory stimulus to higher-order representations are relatively unknown. In particular, it is not known how (or even whether) information is transformed between areas o ...
The seasonal hippocampus of food-storing birds.
... same manipulations of daylength are sufficient to induce moult and to bring males and females into breeding condition. These results raise a number of questions about seasonal plasticity in the hippocampus of food-storing birds that we attempted to answer using a combination of behavioural and neuroa ...
... same manipulations of daylength are sufficient to induce moult and to bring males and females into breeding condition. These results raise a number of questions about seasonal plasticity in the hippocampus of food-storing birds that we attempted to answer using a combination of behavioural and neuroa ...
Combining electroencephalographic activity and
... earliest phases of affective auditory stimuli processing [58]. In response to negative emotional patterns, EEG activity in the θ band was associated with the right prefrontal cortex activity, following an increase in the sympathetic response [62]. Furthermore, a positive correlation between HRV high ...
... earliest phases of affective auditory stimuli processing [58]. In response to negative emotional patterns, EEG activity in the θ band was associated with the right prefrontal cortex activity, following an increase in the sympathetic response [62]. Furthermore, a positive correlation between HRV high ...
6.12 Dorsal and Ventral Streams in the Sense of Touch
... The ventral stream – transmitted through the inferotemporal cortex – is the putative ‘what’ pathway. These cortical areas analyze the visual signals to derive cognitive information about the size, shape, and color of the stimulus. These intrinsic properties allow us to recognize such stimuli as dist ...
... The ventral stream – transmitted through the inferotemporal cortex – is the putative ‘what’ pathway. These cortical areas analyze the visual signals to derive cognitive information about the size, shape, and color of the stimulus. These intrinsic properties allow us to recognize such stimuli as dist ...
Chapter 7 Body Systems
... Cell extensions connect to both neurons and capillaries Astrocytes transfer nutrients from the blood to the neurons Form tight sheaths around brain capillaries, which, with ...
... Cell extensions connect to both neurons and capillaries Astrocytes transfer nutrients from the blood to the neurons Form tight sheaths around brain capillaries, which, with ...
Molecular and morphological analyses of basal forebrain
... Since BFCNs are essential for memory and cognitive function, exogenous application of factors that regulate BFCN development may prove useful in generating BFCNs from pluripotent stem cells or by promoting their viability and physiological function in brain regions affected by AD. In support of the ...
... Since BFCNs are essential for memory and cognitive function, exogenous application of factors that regulate BFCN development may prove useful in generating BFCNs from pluripotent stem cells or by promoting their viability and physiological function in brain regions affected by AD. In support of the ...
UNRAVELING THE SENSE OF SMELL
... The sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory system, a system that is characterized by exquisite sensitivity and discriminatory power. Even a slight change in the structure of an odorant can change its perceived odor. For example, the close relative of a chemical that is perceived as pear can hav ...
... The sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory system, a system that is characterized by exquisite sensitivity and discriminatory power. Even a slight change in the structure of an odorant can change its perceived odor. For example, the close relative of a chemical that is perceived as pear can hav ...
Cortex-inspired Developmental Learning for Vision-based Navigation, Attention and Recognition
... to automatically generate internal representations, without a need of human programmers to pre-design task-specific (symbolic) concepts. Its balanced coarse-to-fine tree structure guaranteed real-time retrieval in self-generated high-dimensional state space. K-Nearest Neighbor strategy was adopted in ...
... to automatically generate internal representations, without a need of human programmers to pre-design task-specific (symbolic) concepts. Its balanced coarse-to-fine tree structure guaranteed real-time retrieval in self-generated high-dimensional state space. K-Nearest Neighbor strategy was adopted in ...
Visual and Oculomotor Functions of Monkey Subthalamic Nucleus
... The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is in a crucial position to influence the output of the basal ganglia. It projects to the internal and external segments of the globus pallidus (Carpenter et al. 198 1a; Groenewegen and Berendse 1990; Kita and Kitai 1987; Nauta and Cole 1978; Parent and Smith 1987; Smit ...
... The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is in a crucial position to influence the output of the basal ganglia. It projects to the internal and external segments of the globus pallidus (Carpenter et al. 198 1a; Groenewegen and Berendse 1990; Kita and Kitai 1987; Nauta and Cole 1978; Parent and Smith 1987; Smit ...
Response characteristics of neurons in the pulvinar of awake cats to
... and Duncan 1995). The signal necessary for this enhancement could be generated by a saccade-related activation of Pul neurons that are involved in the processing of oculomotor information rather than in object analysis tasks. The analysis of saccade-related responses of single neurons therefore is a ...
... and Duncan 1995). The signal necessary for this enhancement could be generated by a saccade-related activation of Pul neurons that are involved in the processing of oculomotor information rather than in object analysis tasks. The analysis of saccade-related responses of single neurons therefore is a ...
Negatively-Correlated Firing - Department of Computer Science
... realistic model, which would reduce the clarity of this initial demonstration. We will, however, include a brief discussion on how our model is related to the circuits found in the primary visual cortex. ...
... realistic model, which would reduce the clarity of this initial demonstration. We will, however, include a brief discussion on how our model is related to the circuits found in the primary visual cortex. ...
Novel visual stimuli activate a population of neurons
... Some of these neurons responded to all novel stimuli, and others to only a subset (e.g., to novel faces). The neurons have no responses to familiar reward- or punishment-associated visual stimuli, nor to taste, olfactory or somatosensory inputs. The responses of the neurons typically habituated with ...
... Some of these neurons responded to all novel stimuli, and others to only a subset (e.g., to novel faces). The neurons have no responses to familiar reward- or punishment-associated visual stimuli, nor to taste, olfactory or somatosensory inputs. The responses of the neurons typically habituated with ...
Multiplicative Gain Changes Are Induced by Excitation or Inhibition
... in vivo are measured in the curve of firing rate versus stimulus parameter. We find that when this curve is considered, and when the nonlinear relationships between stimulus parameter and input current and between input current and firing rate in vivo are taken into account, then simple excitation o ...
... in vivo are measured in the curve of firing rate versus stimulus parameter. We find that when this curve is considered, and when the nonlinear relationships between stimulus parameter and input current and between input current and firing rate in vivo are taken into account, then simple excitation o ...
Ventral Premotor and Inferior Parietal Cortices
... without performing any movement and did not receive any reward. The monkey was not required to keep fixation. Eye position was monitored by means of an eye tracking system composed by a 50-Hz CCD camera provided with an infrared filter and 2 infrared spots of light. The video signal was sent to a comp ...
... without performing any movement and did not receive any reward. The monkey was not required to keep fixation. Eye position was monitored by means of an eye tracking system composed by a 50-Hz CCD camera provided with an infrared filter and 2 infrared spots of light. The video signal was sent to a comp ...
Imitation: is cognitive neuroscience solving the correspondence
... by Prinz and colleagues in a series of reaction time experiments using interference paradigms [13–15]. The logic behind their approach is very simple. If observation of an action, A, leads to activation of an internal motor representation of A, then observation of A while preparing to execute an alt ...
... by Prinz and colleagues in a series of reaction time experiments using interference paradigms [13–15]. The logic behind their approach is very simple. If observation of an action, A, leads to activation of an internal motor representation of A, then observation of A while preparing to execute an alt ...