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Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin

... influence the secretory activity of the anterior pituitary gland ...
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... • Protein hormones: interact with receptors on surface of target cells, and set off a series of reactions within the cell. • Lipid hormones: usually enter the cell and are directly involved in activities. • The hypothalamus is the master controller of the endocrine system • Hypothalamus receives inf ...
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... The pineal gland is a small, conical structure that is attached by the pineal stalk to the diencephalon. The superior part of the base of the stalk contains the habenular commissure; the inferior part of the base of the stalk contains the posterior commissure. The pineal gland possesses no nerve cel ...
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Hypothalamus



The hypothalamus (from Greek ὑπό, ""under"" and θάλαμος, ""room, chamber"") is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus, just above the brainstem and is part of the limbic system. In the terminology of neuroanatomy, it forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. All vertebrate brains contain a hypothalamus. In humans, it is the size of an almond.The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones.The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, important aspects of parenting and attachment behaviors, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms.
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