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Slide - Smith Lab
Slide - Smith Lab

... Retention of T cells with specificity to ocular antigens due to Weak negative selection in individuals with particular HLA types Previous infection or trauma primed for ocular antigens in an ...
Kuby Immunology 6/e - Dr. Jennifer Capers, PhD
Kuby Immunology 6/e - Dr. Jennifer Capers, PhD

... Bind to BOTH the TCR and MHC Can cause over-activation  Overproduction of TH-cell cytokines, leading to systemic toxicity ...
Immunology & History of HIV
Immunology & History of HIV

... Early history of HIV •Two samples from Kinshasa, Congo, 1959 and 1960 ...
lec #1 done by Leen AbdelFattah / Slides #1
lec #1 done by Leen AbdelFattah / Slides #1

... maturation , it express different receptors on its surface at different stages, to specify its location we depend on the surface receptors ,BCR: B cell receptor, which are the immunoglobins on its surface. BCR could be IgM or IgD Function of the BCR: recognition of foreign substances. But they can b ...
Autoimmunity Autoimmunity Targets of Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity Autoimmunity Targets of Autoimmunity

... – T cells interact strongly with self MHC and self peptides are killed – B cells that have anti-self antibodies are killed ...
Lecture #23 - Suraj @ LUMS
Lecture #23 - Suraj @ LUMS

... • The nonspecific (innate) responses are the first line of defense - block the entry and spread of disease-causing agents. • Highly specific (adaptive) responses are the second line of defense and are tailored to an individual threat. • Antibody-mediated and cell-mediated responses are two types of ...
Defense against Disease: White Blood Cells
Defense against Disease: White Blood Cells

... from invaders (bacteria, viruses, etc.) ...
Immune Worksheet Session 27- 4/7/11
Immune Worksheet Session 27- 4/7/11

... 2) In positive selection, what happens if the T cell recognizes the self-MHC? In positive selection, what happens if the T cell fails to recognize the self-MHC? 3) In negative selection, what happens if the T cell recognizes the self-antigen? In negative selection, what happens if the T cell fails t ...
DISEASE - IMMUNE SYSTEM
DISEASE - IMMUNE SYSTEM

... All about antigens ...
Nonspecific Immunity
Nonspecific Immunity

... Delayed hypersensitivity T • Allergic reactions, organ rejection – Suppressor T – Antigen Presenting Cells (APC) • MHC-I • MHC-II ...
79th WPI-IIIS Seminar - International Institute for Integrative Sleep
79th WPI-IIIS Seminar - International Institute for Integrative Sleep

Epitope mapping
Epitope mapping

Document
Document

... • The nature of the disease is determined by the type of dominant immune response – Th1 response: inflammation, autoantibody production; autoimmune diseases – Th2 response: IgE+eosinophil-mediated inflammation; allergic reactions – Th17 response: acute (and chronic?) inflammation; increasingly recog ...
practice
practice

... 2. Lymphocytes secrete antibodies. 3. Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on T helper lymphocytes. 4. Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous. 5. Only memory cells remain to fight future potential infections. A) B) C) D) ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
File - Mr. Shanks` Class

... MHC protein__ ...
Cell theory
Cell theory

... Robert Hooke- was the first person to see a single cell in a microscope. It was four walls. It reminded him of a monastery room-referred to as a cell. So he called it “the cell”. Antoine Leeuwenhoek- Saw water in a microscope and discovered that tiny microscopic bacteria do exist in water. Matt Schl ...
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM CH 43
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM CH 43

AUTOIMMUNE ENDOCRINE DISEASES
AUTOIMMUNE ENDOCRINE DISEASES

... There are multiple possible etiologies of autoimmune endocrinopathies, but regardless of the precise cause, there are two fundamentally different autoimmune mechanisms causing endocrine disease in the first 2 vignettes. In the patient with hyperthyroidism, a functional agonistic autoantibody, either ...
bios 1030. week 11. session 3. hannah reckman. password= bronchi
bios 1030. week 11. session 3. hannah reckman. password= bronchi

... c) Maintain our blood volume by collecting excess fluid that will leak out of capillaries when they are dilated and leaky because of histamines. d) Consists only of lymph nodes that hold our B and T cells. 5) Your complement system is being activated by antibodies in an attempt to get rid of an anti ...
a. active site is covered (toxin)
a. active site is covered (toxin)

T-cell Recognition/Antigen presentation
T-cell Recognition/Antigen presentation

IMMUNOLOGY 2010™ Poster Symposia Schedule
IMMUNOLOGY 2010™ Poster Symposia Schedule

... Disease Cytokines II: Immunomodulatory Cytokines Effector Cells and Tissue Damage in Autoimmunity Host Defense: Innate Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction Immune Regulation of Host Immunity during Viral Infection Immune System Regulation iTreg, Th17, and CD4 CTL Differentiation Leukocyte Activa ...
Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer Therapy: New Insights and
Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer Therapy: New Insights and

... However, there is also evidence that anti-CTLA-4 has to engage the target on both effector (Teff) and regulatory (Treg) T cells. Thus anti-CTLA-4 exerts its anti-tumor effects by multiple mechanisms. PD-1, another checkpoint, recruits a phosphatase and seems to interfere with T cell antigen receptor ...
Master Answers for the Autoimmune Disease Small group Master
Master Answers for the Autoimmune Disease Small group Master

... There are multiple possible etiologies of autoimmune endocrinopathies, but regardless of the precise cause, there are two fundamentally different autoimmune mechanisms causing endocrine disease in the first 2 vignettes. In the patient with hyperthyroidism, a functional agonistic autoantibody, either ...
F13Lect21Cancer
F13Lect21Cancer

... Translocation (9, 22) creates the fusion protein of BCR (function unknown) and Abl (cytoplasmic protein kinase regulating actin polumerization). BCR-Abl is a protein kinase with broad target specificity including JAK 2 and STAT5. ...
< 1 ... 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 ... 514 >

Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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