Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth
... Respiration uses reducing power to generate ATP NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons to produce proton motive force Allows for recycling of electron carriers ...
... Respiration uses reducing power to generate ATP NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons to produce proton motive force Allows for recycling of electron carriers ...
Exam Two Review Guide Chapter Five Anabolism vs. Catabolism
... 14. The acetyl group needs to combine with coenzyme A to be transported into the mitochondria. When the acetyl group enters the mitochondria, it combines with which molecule to form citrate in the citric acid cycle? 15. What are the other two names for the citric acid cycle? 16. Account for all the ...
... 14. The acetyl group needs to combine with coenzyme A to be transported into the mitochondria. When the acetyl group enters the mitochondria, it combines with which molecule to form citrate in the citric acid cycle? 15. What are the other two names for the citric acid cycle? 16. Account for all the ...
The Theme of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Glycolysis and Cellular
... The main point of oxidative phosphorylation is the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to power ATP production. Similarly, the main purpose of playing arcade games is to win tickets for prizes (okay, and also maybe to have fun and earn high scores in the games). NADH is more often the electron ...
... The main point of oxidative phosphorylation is the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to power ATP production. Similarly, the main purpose of playing arcade games is to win tickets for prizes (okay, and also maybe to have fun and earn high scores in the games). NADH is more often the electron ...
Slide 1
... doctor for help and is sent to the hospital for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? a) ...
... doctor for help and is sent to the hospital for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? a) ...
Chapter 27-28 - Bakersfield College
... coenzymes (NADH and FADH2). These molecules enter the electron transport chain (Stage 4) and ultimately produce ATP. ...
... coenzymes (NADH and FADH2). These molecules enter the electron transport chain (Stage 4) and ultimately produce ATP. ...
Slide 1
... – Functional groups (side chains of amino acids) in active site react (temporarily) with substrate ...
... – Functional groups (side chains of amino acids) in active site react (temporarily) with substrate ...
cellular respiration
... 1. A series of biochemical pathways 2. Involves many chemical reactions and enzymes 3. Process that gradually breaks down food (organic substances) to release small packets of energy 4. Small packets of energy used to convert ADP into ATP 5. ATP is the chemical energy currency used by cells ...
... 1. A series of biochemical pathways 2. Involves many chemical reactions and enzymes 3. Process that gradually breaks down food (organic substances) to release small packets of energy 4. Small packets of energy used to convert ADP into ATP 5. ATP is the chemical energy currency used by cells ...
1. Diagram energy flow through the biosphere
... 6. Define coenzyme and list those involved in respiration. Coenzyme small nonprotein organic molecule that is required for certain enzymes to function NAD+(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) found in all cells that assists electron transfer NADH reduced coenzyme FADH2 reduced coenzyme FAD( ...
... 6. Define coenzyme and list those involved in respiration. Coenzyme small nonprotein organic molecule that is required for certain enzymes to function NAD+(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) found in all cells that assists electron transfer NADH reduced coenzyme FADH2 reduced coenzyme FAD( ...
Multiple Choice Enzymes and Resp Answers
... electrochemical energy is used to drive the formation of ATP by allowing ADP and Pi to react. 7. The electrons combine with oxygen and H+ to form water and the process repeats with new NADH delivering electrons. ...
... electrochemical energy is used to drive the formation of ATP by allowing ADP and Pi to react. 7. The electrons combine with oxygen and H+ to form water and the process repeats with new NADH delivering electrons. ...
BIOCHEMISTRY Electron Transport Chain
... Oxidative Phosphorylation (OP) • The process by which ATP is synthesized from ADP & Pi, using the energy released in the ETC. • The central concept to OP involves coupled reactions. • Coupled reactions – are pairs of concurrently occurring biochemical reactions, in which energy released by one reac ...
... Oxidative Phosphorylation (OP) • The process by which ATP is synthesized from ADP & Pi, using the energy released in the ETC. • The central concept to OP involves coupled reactions. • Coupled reactions – are pairs of concurrently occurring biochemical reactions, in which energy released by one reac ...
Bingo - GRADE 12 BIOLOGY RESOURCE
... • Replace the title entry with your topic title. • Replace each cell with the words or phrases you want the students to become familiar with. – Do the same for all the other slides. ...
... • Replace the title entry with your topic title. • Replace each cell with the words or phrases you want the students to become familiar with. – Do the same for all the other slides. ...
1 - u.arizona.edu
... depends on the ratio of the concentration of products to substrates in the cell; it is by manipulating this ratio that a cell can make an endergonic reaction proceed in the cell; this ability to change the free energy difference by altering the ratio of products to substrates is referred to as a mas ...
... depends on the ratio of the concentration of products to substrates in the cell; it is by manipulating this ratio that a cell can make an endergonic reaction proceed in the cell; this ability to change the free energy difference by altering the ratio of products to substrates is referred to as a mas ...
AP Biology Chapter 9.2016
... • The purpose of the fermentation pathway is to release some NAD+ for use by glycolysis. • The reward for this effort is only 2 ATP. Not much, but better than cell death. ...
... • The purpose of the fermentation pathway is to release some NAD+ for use by glycolysis. • The reward for this effort is only 2 ATP. Not much, but better than cell death. ...
respiration - MagnusonScience
... • As electrons move down ETC they pass energy. • Transported by either NADH or FADH2.. • Purpose of ETC - break up energy into smaller amounts - released in smaller amounts. ...
... • As electrons move down ETC they pass energy. • Transported by either NADH or FADH2.. • Purpose of ETC - break up energy into smaller amounts - released in smaller amounts. ...
chapter 20 lecture (ppt file)
... its active form, usually by hydrolysis, at the active site in the cell. E. g. Pepsinogen is synthesized and transported to the stomach where it is converted to pepsin. The most common form of protein modification is addition or removal of a phosphate group. ...
... its active form, usually by hydrolysis, at the active site in the cell. E. g. Pepsinogen is synthesized and transported to the stomach where it is converted to pepsin. The most common form of protein modification is addition or removal of a phosphate group. ...
Score A_c5_17022012
... (i) What is the reduced co-enzyme? _______ [1m] (ii) What is the reaction involved in the production of ATP when the reduced co-enzyme in e(i) enters the electron transport system? _________________ [1m] ...
... (i) What is the reduced co-enzyme? _______ [1m] (ii) What is the reaction involved in the production of ATP when the reduced co-enzyme in e(i) enters the electron transport system? _________________ [1m] ...
Mitochondria: Energy Conversion
... 1. To know about the structural and biochemical organizations of a mitochondrion 2. To understand the electrochemical reactions through which the chemical energy in food can be converted to chemical energy in ATP 3. To realize how the structural organizations of mitochondria have allowed the above e ...
... 1. To know about the structural and biochemical organizations of a mitochondrion 2. To understand the electrochemical reactions through which the chemical energy in food can be converted to chemical energy in ATP 3. To realize how the structural organizations of mitochondria have allowed the above e ...
1 Pyruvate and acetate metabolism (The citric acid cycle) I. Pyruvate
... A. Entrance into mitochondria If glucose metabolism were to stop with the formation of pyruvate, a total of 2 ATP and 2 NADH (containing 2 pairs of electrons removed from glucose) would be produced. This is indeed the end of the line for glucose metabolism in the cytoplasm, but another phase of proc ...
... A. Entrance into mitochondria If glucose metabolism were to stop with the formation of pyruvate, a total of 2 ATP and 2 NADH (containing 2 pairs of electrons removed from glucose) would be produced. This is indeed the end of the line for glucose metabolism in the cytoplasm, but another phase of proc ...
PART IV Metabolism Introduction to Metabolism
... Other high-energy compounds 1. Acyl phosphates, i.e. acetyl phosphate or 1,3bisphosphoglycerate 2. Enol phosphate, i.e. phosphoenolpyruvate: ADP->ATP ! ...
... Other high-energy compounds 1. Acyl phosphates, i.e. acetyl phosphate or 1,3bisphosphoglycerate 2. Enol phosphate, i.e. phosphoenolpyruvate: ADP->ATP ! ...
logcsscibap_2_4_2_c_..
... Are the shapes of the reactant and active site similar or different? Explain your answer. (2 marks) ...
... Are the shapes of the reactant and active site similar or different? Explain your answer. (2 marks) ...
LT AP BIO
... If molecular oxygen is present……. From this point, each turn 2 C atoms enter (acetyl CoA) and 2 exit (carbon dioxide) Acetyl CoA combines with Oxaloacetate to form Citric acid (why it is also called citric acid cycle) Oxaloacetate is regenerated (the “cycle”) For each pyruvate that enters: 3 NAD+ re ...
... If molecular oxygen is present……. From this point, each turn 2 C atoms enter (acetyl CoA) and 2 exit (carbon dioxide) Acetyl CoA combines with Oxaloacetate to form Citric acid (why it is also called citric acid cycle) Oxaloacetate is regenerated (the “cycle”) For each pyruvate that enters: 3 NAD+ re ...
* Proteins, or polypeptides, are polymers made of monomers called
... It takes more energy to get the reaction to happen without the enzyme (blue hill) than with the enzyme (red ...
... It takes more energy to get the reaction to happen without the enzyme (blue hill) than with the enzyme (red ...
Glycolysis & Fermentation
... 5 Steps in Krebs cycle Step 1 – produces citric acid Step 2 – releases CO2 Step 3 – releases CO2 Step 4 – conversion of 4-carbon compound Step 5 – 4-carbon compound converted back to oxaloacetic acid ...
... 5 Steps in Krebs cycle Step 1 – produces citric acid Step 2 – releases CO2 Step 3 – releases CO2 Step 4 – conversion of 4-carbon compound Step 5 – 4-carbon compound converted back to oxaloacetic acid ...
Bio160 ExIII Sp09
... e. the reactants in an enzyme-catalyzed reactions are referred to as substrates 42. The substrate that is catalyzed by the enzyme we studied in our on-line enzyme lab is: a. glucose b. sucrose c. fructose d. invertase e. acarbose ...
... e. the reactants in an enzyme-catalyzed reactions are referred to as substrates 42. The substrate that is catalyzed by the enzyme we studied in our on-line enzyme lab is: a. glucose b. sucrose c. fructose d. invertase e. acarbose ...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme found in all living cells. The compound is a dinucleotide, because it consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an adenine base and the other nicotinamide. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide exists in two forms, an oxidized and reduced form abbreviated as NAD+ and NADH respectively.In metabolism, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. The coenzyme is, therefore, found in two forms in cells: NAD+ is an oxidizing agent – it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced. This reaction forms NADH, which can then be used as a reducing agent to donate electrons. These electron transfer reactions are the main function of NAD. However, it is also used in other cellular processes, the most notable one being a substrate of enzymes that add or remove chemical groups from proteins, in posttranslational modifications. Because of the importance of these functions, the enzymes involved in NAD metabolism are targets for drug discovery.In organisms, NAD can be synthesized from simple building-blocks (de novo) from the amino acids tryptophan or aspartic acid. In an alternative fashion, more complex components of the coenzymes are taken up from food as the vitamin called niacin. Similar compounds are released by reactions that break down the structure of NAD. These preformed components then pass through a salvage pathway that recycles them back into the active form. Some NAD is also converted into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP); the chemistry of this related coenzyme is similar to that of NAD, but it has different roles in metabolism.Although NAD+ is written with a superscript plus sign because of the formal charge on a particular nitrogen atom, at physiological pH for the most part it is actually a singly charged anion (charge of minus 1), while NADH is a doubly charged anion.