A Superfamily of S Locus-Related Sequences in
... sequences, which we designated SY7 and SY2a, SY2D, and ’ SY2y, respectively, because, as shown below, they comprise nonfunctional pseudogenes. DNA gel blot analysis using probes derived from the S-related sequences within these genomic regions of Arabidopsis demonstrated intense cross-hybridizationb ...
... sequences, which we designated SY7 and SY2a, SY2D, and ’ SY2y, respectively, because, as shown below, they comprise nonfunctional pseudogenes. DNA gel blot analysis using probes derived from the S-related sequences within these genomic regions of Arabidopsis demonstrated intense cross-hybridizationb ...
PDF - Blood Journal
... region of chromosome 16 with a constitutively open chromatin structure in all cell types. The genes have methylation-free CpG islands, and the major regulatory element (␣-MRE) is a single erythroid-specific DNaseI hypersensitive site located in the intron of a ubiquitously expressed gene, some 40 kb ...
... region of chromosome 16 with a constitutively open chromatin structure in all cell types. The genes have methylation-free CpG islands, and the major regulatory element (␣-MRE) is a single erythroid-specific DNaseI hypersensitive site located in the intron of a ubiquitously expressed gene, some 40 kb ...
Site-Specific Integration of Transgenes in
... recombinase-mediated site-specific integration (SSI) are promising technologies to address the challenges for placing a single copy of transgenes into a precharacterized site in a plant genome. Several site-specific DNA recombination systems, such as the bacteriophage Cre-lox and the yeast FLPFRT an ...
... recombinase-mediated site-specific integration (SSI) are promising technologies to address the challenges for placing a single copy of transgenes into a precharacterized site in a plant genome. Several site-specific DNA recombination systems, such as the bacteriophage Cre-lox and the yeast FLPFRT an ...
Section D - Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Chromosome Structure
... • Some genes contain terminator sequences requiring an accessory factor, the rho protein (ρ) to mediated transcription termination. • Rho binds to specific sites in the singlestranded RNA. • Rho protein (hexameric protein) binds to certain RNA structure (72bp) • Rho hydrolyses ATP and moves along th ...
... • Some genes contain terminator sequences requiring an accessory factor, the rho protein (ρ) to mediated transcription termination. • Rho binds to specific sites in the singlestranded RNA. • Rho protein (hexameric protein) binds to certain RNA structure (72bp) • Rho hydrolyses ATP and moves along th ...
Discriminate the Falsely Predicted Protein–Coding Genes in
... lacking of introns, whereas more and more researches indicate the issue of gene finding in microbial genomes is far from thoroughly resolved, the annotation quality of microbial genomes has been questioned continuously [1, 2]. In most microbial genomes, it is found some annotated genes do not encode ...
... lacking of introns, whereas more and more researches indicate the issue of gene finding in microbial genomes is far from thoroughly resolved, the annotation quality of microbial genomes has been questioned continuously [1, 2]. In most microbial genomes, it is found some annotated genes do not encode ...
Modulation of CTCF Insulator Function by
... CTCF plays diverse roles in the regulation of eukaryotic genes. A new study by Lefevre et al. in a recent issue of Molecular Cell reveals a novel mechanism in which noncoding RNA transcription and nucleosome repositioning evicts CTCF from a regulatory element to facilitate induction of a nearby gene ...
... CTCF plays diverse roles in the regulation of eukaryotic genes. A new study by Lefevre et al. in a recent issue of Molecular Cell reveals a novel mechanism in which noncoding RNA transcription and nucleosome repositioning evicts CTCF from a regulatory element to facilitate induction of a nearby gene ...
Chromatin: A sticky silence
... for repression. Alternatively, a repetitive organization of primary sequences may facilitate or promote heterochromatinization in conjunction with the critical threshold of silencing factors. It has consistently been observed that multiple insertion of a gene, as well as long-range pairing, correlat ...
... for repression. Alternatively, a repetitive organization of primary sequences may facilitate or promote heterochromatinization in conjunction with the critical threshold of silencing factors. It has consistently been observed that multiple insertion of a gene, as well as long-range pairing, correlat ...
Comparison of Amino Acid Sequences of Halloween Genes in
... different orders. A high similarity can be traced within order Lepidoptera. In this paper, I will focus on the Halloween genes that control the ecdysteroid biosynthesis pathway to build up a peak titer of 20E hormone. These genes were selected for amplification in Spodoptera litura and then converte ...
... different orders. A high similarity can be traced within order Lepidoptera. In this paper, I will focus on the Halloween genes that control the ecdysteroid biosynthesis pathway to build up a peak titer of 20E hormone. These genes were selected for amplification in Spodoptera litura and then converte ...
Non-coding RNAs - Structural Biology Labs
... RNA results in proteins? • Of all RNA, transcribed in higher eukaryotes, 98% are never translated into proteins • Of those 98%, about 50-70% are introns • The rest originate from non-protein genes, including rRNA, tRNA and a vast number of other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) • Even introns have been show ...
... RNA results in proteins? • Of all RNA, transcribed in higher eukaryotes, 98% are never translated into proteins • Of those 98%, about 50-70% are introns • The rest originate from non-protein genes, including rRNA, tRNA and a vast number of other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) • Even introns have been show ...
DINE-1 - Biological Sciences
... All comparisons are shown at the same scale using the DNA Strider computer program set to require matches of 11 of 15 bp for a dot in the matrix. Large arrows indicate the locations of the repeat within the 1F element. Conserved domains A and B are label in each plot. a)- A schematic of the DINE-1 1 ...
... All comparisons are shown at the same scale using the DNA Strider computer program set to require matches of 11 of 15 bp for a dot in the matrix. Large arrows indicate the locations of the repeat within the 1F element. Conserved domains A and B are label in each plot. a)- A schematic of the DINE-1 1 ...
Block 1: Genetics Dr. McKinney Test 1: Transcription (4) The order
... iii. rRNA (a) 1. It’s important to not that all have the same mechanism of action but different types of promoters, and therefore, different transcripts. Also, cell mitochondria have their own RNA polymerases. In contrast, Prokaryotes only have ONE RNA pol to generate ALL types of RNA (m,t,rRNA). Th ...
... iii. rRNA (a) 1. It’s important to not that all have the same mechanism of action but different types of promoters, and therefore, different transcripts. Also, cell mitochondria have their own RNA polymerases. In contrast, Prokaryotes only have ONE RNA pol to generate ALL types of RNA (m,t,rRNA). Th ...
Kinoshita, T et al.
... the imprinted pattern of FWA expression in A. halleri [34]. Thus, in A. halleri at least, the tandem repeat structure, but not the SINE-related sequence, is dispensable for imprinting. The relationship between genomic imprinting and transposon insertion is of interest because in mammals the paternal ...
... the imprinted pattern of FWA expression in A. halleri [34]. Thus, in A. halleri at least, the tandem repeat structure, but not the SINE-related sequence, is dispensable for imprinting. The relationship between genomic imprinting and transposon insertion is of interest because in mammals the paternal ...
Histone genes of Volvox carteri: DNA sequence and organization of
... obtain evolutionary markers for the analysis of phylogenetic relationships. As has been shown in a recent comparison of H3 genes (9), differences in gene structure between replication type (H3.1 and H3.2) and replacement-type (H3.3) gene families are paralleled by specific differences in amino acid ...
... obtain evolutionary markers for the analysis of phylogenetic relationships. As has been shown in a recent comparison of H3 genes (9), differences in gene structure between replication type (H3.1 and H3.2) and replacement-type (H3.3) gene families are paralleled by specific differences in amino acid ...
Gene Conversion as a Source of Nucleotide Diversity in
... Examination of polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum gene for falcipain 2 revealed that this gene is one of two paralogs separated by 10.8 kb in chromosome 11. We designate the annotated gene denoted chr11.gen_424 as encoding falcipain 2A and the annotated gene denoted chr11.gen_427 as encoding ...
... Examination of polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum gene for falcipain 2 revealed that this gene is one of two paralogs separated by 10.8 kb in chromosome 11. We designate the annotated gene denoted chr11.gen_424 as encoding falcipain 2A and the annotated gene denoted chr11.gen_427 as encoding ...
The Modular Structure and Function of the Wheat HI Promoter with S
... box constitutes a type III element and the 202-bp sequence containing these elements from —128 to +74 of the TH315 gene was shown to be sufficient to confer S phase-specific expression. The type III element is found in all plant histone HI and H2B genes, suggesting that it is a subtypespecific eleme ...
... box constitutes a type III element and the 202-bp sequence containing these elements from —128 to +74 of the TH315 gene was shown to be sufficient to confer S phase-specific expression. The type III element is found in all plant histone HI and H2B genes, suggesting that it is a subtypespecific eleme ...
Looping versus linking: toward a model for long
... by which LCRs mediate the formation of an open chromatin structure must account for how biochemical modifications such as histone acetylation and linker histone depletion are accomplished over regions as broad as the -globin locus. Studies of the intronic immunoglobulin enhancer (Eµ) suggest that c ...
... by which LCRs mediate the formation of an open chromatin structure must account for how biochemical modifications such as histone acetylation and linker histone depletion are accomplished over regions as broad as the -globin locus. Studies of the intronic immunoglobulin enhancer (Eµ) suggest that c ...
Normalization of gene expression measurements in tumor tissues
... urothelial cell carcinomas:14,15 two pTa grade 1, two pTa grade 2, two pT1 grade 2, two pT2 grade 3, two pT3 grade 3, and two pT4 grade 3 with distant metastates. Total RNA was isolated from tissues and reverse transcribed to cDNA as described previously.16 ...
... urothelial cell carcinomas:14,15 two pTa grade 1, two pTa grade 2, two pT1 grade 2, two pT2 grade 3, two pT3 grade 3, and two pT4 grade 3 with distant metastates. Total RNA was isolated from tissues and reverse transcribed to cDNA as described previously.16 ...
File - Molecular Biology 2
... in the genome. Although most of the DNA in mammalian genomes does not consist of genes, still, isolating any one gene is like searching for the proverbial needle in a haystack. Most techniques used in the analysis of genes and other DNA sequences require that the sequence be available in significant ...
... in the genome. Although most of the DNA in mammalian genomes does not consist of genes, still, isolating any one gene is like searching for the proverbial needle in a haystack. Most techniques used in the analysis of genes and other DNA sequences require that the sequence be available in significant ...
Homologous and Nonhomologous Rearrangements: Interactions
... as a circular double-strand binary string containing a variable number of genes separated by non-coding sequences (figure 1). Genes are identified and decoded thanks to an explicit transcription-translation process based upon predefined signaling sequences. Then, an abstract “folding” process gives ...
... as a circular double-strand binary string containing a variable number of genes separated by non-coding sequences (figure 1). Genes are identified and decoded thanks to an explicit transcription-translation process based upon predefined signaling sequences. Then, an abstract “folding” process gives ...
Genome Evolution and Developmental Constraint in Caenorhabditis
... Understanding interspecific morphological differences and patterns of diversity has long been the focus of both paleontologists and evolutionary biologists and has been the impetus for a prodigious amount of theoretical and speculative work. Much of this theory strives to establish general principle ...
... Understanding interspecific morphological differences and patterns of diversity has long been the focus of both paleontologists and evolutionary biologists and has been the impetus for a prodigious amount of theoretical and speculative work. Much of this theory strives to establish general principle ...
Pair-wise sequence alignment
... • Paralogous sequences are homologous sequences that exists within a species • They have a common origin but involve gene duplication events to arise • Purpose of gene duplication is to use sequence to implement a new function • Perform different functions ...
... • Paralogous sequences are homologous sequences that exists within a species • They have a common origin but involve gene duplication events to arise • Purpose of gene duplication is to use sequence to implement a new function • Perform different functions ...
—1— User Guide © Copyright 2009 Robert C. Edgar, all rights
... (inter) once for the entire genome, then the intra-chromosome simulator (intra) once for each chromosome. This process is called a cycle. The output from one cycle can be used as input to another cycle. It is generally better to run many short cycles rather than one or a few long cycles as longer cy ...
... (inter) once for the entire genome, then the intra-chromosome simulator (intra) once for each chromosome. This process is called a cycle. The output from one cycle can be used as input to another cycle. It is generally better to run many short cycles rather than one or a few long cycles as longer cy ...
Primer on Molecular Genetics
... cells and tissues as well as enzymes for essential biochemical reactions. The human genome is estimated to comprise at least 100,000 genes. Human genes vary widely in length, often extending over thousands of bases, but only about 10% of the genome is known to include the protein-coding sequences (e ...
... cells and tissues as well as enzymes for essential biochemical reactions. The human genome is estimated to comprise at least 100,000 genes. Human genes vary widely in length, often extending over thousands of bases, but only about 10% of the genome is known to include the protein-coding sequences (e ...
Transposable element
A transposable element (TE or transposon) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within the genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genome size. Transposition often results in duplication of the TE. Barbara McClintock's discovery of these jumping genes earned her a Nobel prize in 1983.TEs make up a large fraction of the C-value of eukaryotic cells. There are at least two classes of TEs: class I TEs generally function via reverse transcription, while class II TEs encode the protein transposase, which they require for insertion and excision, and some of these TEs also encode other proteins. It has been shown that TEs are important in genome function and evolution. In Oxytricha, which has a unique genetic system, they play a critical role in development. They are also very useful to researchers as a means to alter DNA inside a living organism.