Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting
... strongest cases supported by phylogenetic trees corresponded to 357 LGTs from prokaryotic donors (see Additional file 2; see Additional file 5). Topologies consistent with eukaryote-to-eukaryote LGT following initial acquisition of a gene from a prokaryotic donor were identified for 39 genes in 26 d ...
... strongest cases supported by phylogenetic trees corresponded to 357 LGTs from prokaryotic donors (see Additional file 2; see Additional file 5). Topologies consistent with eukaryote-to-eukaryote LGT following initial acquisition of a gene from a prokaryotic donor were identified for 39 genes in 26 d ...
comparing quantitative trait loci and gene expression data
... with the genes controlling some aspect of the phenotype. One mechanism by which a gene might be associated with the trait is through altered transcription which is easily measured by microarray analysis. Microarrays have the ability to measure a large percentage of the genes in the genome, and this ...
... with the genes controlling some aspect of the phenotype. One mechanism by which a gene might be associated with the trait is through altered transcription which is easily measured by microarray analysis. Microarrays have the ability to measure a large percentage of the genes in the genome, and this ...
The Evolutionary History of Human and Chimpanzee Y
... (Pan troglodytes) Y-chromosome sequences revealed that although there are no lineage-specific gene-disruptive mutations in the X-degenerate portion of the Y-chromosome fixed within humans, surprisingly, 4 genes, CYorf15B, TBL1Y, TMSB4Y, and USP9Y, are disrupted by one or more splice site or prematur ...
... (Pan troglodytes) Y-chromosome sequences revealed that although there are no lineage-specific gene-disruptive mutations in the X-degenerate portion of the Y-chromosome fixed within humans, surprisingly, 4 genes, CYorf15B, TBL1Y, TMSB4Y, and USP9Y, are disrupted by one or more splice site or prematur ...
Interplay between copy number, dosage compensation and
... as expression noise [1-3]. Following pioneering work at the single cell level [4] and the first mathematical models of the process [5], we typically distinguish two major sources of stochastic gene expression variation. An intrinsic contribution resulting from stochasticity of biochemical processes, ...
... as expression noise [1-3]. Following pioneering work at the single cell level [4] and the first mathematical models of the process [5], we typically distinguish two major sources of stochastic gene expression variation. An intrinsic contribution resulting from stochasticity of biochemical processes, ...
Factors Affecting synonymous codon Usage Bias in chloroplast
... plant nuclear genes and in chloroplasts.32 Chloroplasts differ from the nuclear genome of higher plants in that they encode only 30 tRNA species. Since chloroplasts have restricted their tRNA genes, the use of preferred codons by chloroplast encoded proteins appears more extreme. However, a positive ...
... plant nuclear genes and in chloroplasts.32 Chloroplasts differ from the nuclear genome of higher plants in that they encode only 30 tRNA species. Since chloroplasts have restricted their tRNA genes, the use of preferred codons by chloroplast encoded proteins appears more extreme. However, a positive ...
Insights into three whole-genome duplications gleaned
... With the discovery of at least three successive whole-genome duplications (WGDs) in the history of the P. tetraurelia lineage (AURY et al. 2006), there is renewed interest in the evolution and genetics of Paramecium. WGDs can be found in the ancestry of many model organisms, including zebrafish (POS ...
... With the discovery of at least three successive whole-genome duplications (WGDs) in the history of the P. tetraurelia lineage (AURY et al. 2006), there is renewed interest in the evolution and genetics of Paramecium. WGDs can be found in the ancestry of many model organisms, including zebrafish (POS ...
Chapter 11 Transcription and RNA Processing
... Bases preceding the initiation site are given minus (–) prefixes and are referred to as upstream sequences. Bases following the initiation site are given plus (+) prefixes and are referred to as downstream sequences. Consensus sequences: highly conserved ...
... Bases preceding the initiation site are given minus (–) prefixes and are referred to as upstream sequences. Bases following the initiation site are given plus (+) prefixes and are referred to as downstream sequences. Consensus sequences: highly conserved ...
publication
... Informatics database map and the Davis Human/Mouse homology map have been made by identifying human orthologs to mapped mouse genes (8). Detailed characterizations of disease regions are increasingly being done through mouse–human genomic comparisons aimed at identifying novel genes and regulatory e ...
... Informatics database map and the Davis Human/Mouse homology map have been made by identifying human orthologs to mapped mouse genes (8). Detailed characterizations of disease regions are increasingly being done through mouse–human genomic comparisons aimed at identifying novel genes and regulatory e ...
Articles - American Scientist
... on a factual premise. To the assertion that high rates of horizontal gene transfer and high recombination rates in viruses mean that “a set of genes that is found together in a viral genome at a given time has little chance to remain linked after a small number of generations,” Navas-Castillo counte ...
... on a factual premise. To the assertion that high rates of horizontal gene transfer and high recombination rates in viruses mean that “a set of genes that is found together in a viral genome at a given time has little chance to remain linked after a small number of generations,” Navas-Castillo counte ...
Highly precise and developmentally programmed genome
... expression but is destroyed at each sexual cycle, while the germline micronucleus (MIC) undergoes meiosis and transmits its genome to the zygotic nucleus. New MICs and MACs of sexual progeny differentiate from copies of the zygotic nucleus and extensive genome rearrangements take place in the new MA ...
... expression but is destroyed at each sexual cycle, while the germline micronucleus (MIC) undergoes meiosis and transmits its genome to the zygotic nucleus. New MICs and MACs of sexual progeny differentiate from copies of the zygotic nucleus and extensive genome rearrangements take place in the new MA ...
Smchd1 regulates a subset of autosomal genes subject to
... [9-11], and (d) the apparently random widespread monoallelic expression of possibly hundreds of individual genes spread throughout the genome [12,13]. While the molecular mechanisms underlying the different forms of monoallelic expression have unique characteristics, they may be expected to share co ...
... [9-11], and (d) the apparently random widespread monoallelic expression of possibly hundreds of individual genes spread throughout the genome [12,13]. While the molecular mechanisms underlying the different forms of monoallelic expression have unique characteristics, they may be expected to share co ...
CSE 181 Project guidelines
... the bulk of the ribosome and provides structural scaffolding for the ribosome and catalyzes peptide bond formation. • tRNA (transfer RNA): The small L-shaped RNAs that deliver specific amino acids to ribosomes according to the sequence of a bound mRNA. ...
... the bulk of the ribosome and provides structural scaffolding for the ribosome and catalyzes peptide bond formation. • tRNA (transfer RNA): The small L-shaped RNAs that deliver specific amino acids to ribosomes according to the sequence of a bound mRNA. ...
Generating Marker-Free Transgenic Wheat Using Minimal Gene
... Because of its simplicity, this method is widely used in different plant species, but it is ...
... Because of its simplicity, this method is widely used in different plant species, but it is ...
the genome of herpes simplex virus: structure, replication and
... term, latent infections (Roizman, 1982). Three sub-families have been defined, based primarily on biological characteristics; these are termed the Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-herpesvirinae. The genomes of the herpesviruses vary widely, in their size and base composition and in the arrangement of large, ...
... term, latent infections (Roizman, 1982). Three sub-families have been defined, based primarily on biological characteristics; these are termed the Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-herpesvirinae. The genomes of the herpesviruses vary widely, in their size and base composition and in the arrangement of large, ...
Module 1 - Bioinformatics.ca
... – Use aligner like BWA and a genome + junction database – Junction database needs to be tailored to read length • Or you can use a standard junction database for all read lengths and an aligner that allows substring alignments for the junctions only (e.g. ...
... – Use aligner like BWA and a genome + junction database – Junction database needs to be tailored to read length • Or you can use a standard junction database for all read lengths and an aligner that allows substring alignments for the junctions only (e.g. ...
Physical Mapping of a 670-kb Region of Chromosomes XVI and XVII
... chromosomal bands XVI (2.3 Mb) and XVII (2.6 Mb) were isolated from a preparative PFGE gel et al. 1999). Whether other reand digested with EcoRI (E) or BamHI (B) restriction enzymes. The restriction fragments were arrangements are produced by separated by conventional agarose gel electrophoresis, bl ...
... chromosomal bands XVI (2.3 Mb) and XVII (2.6 Mb) were isolated from a preparative PFGE gel et al. 1999). Whether other reand digested with EcoRI (E) or BamHI (B) restriction enzymes. The restriction fragments were arrangements are produced by separated by conventional agarose gel electrophoresis, bl ...
The plant genome`s methylation status and response to stress
... radial flowers whereas wildtype plants have bilaterally symmetrical flowers. A methylated allele of the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA and PCF (TCP) transcription factor gene co-segregates with the radial phenotype, and the mutant and wildtype have only a single sequence polymorphism within about 1 k ...
... radial flowers whereas wildtype plants have bilaterally symmetrical flowers. A methylated allele of the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA and PCF (TCP) transcription factor gene co-segregates with the radial phenotype, and the mutant and wildtype have only a single sequence polymorphism within about 1 k ...
A Customized Gene Expression Microarray
... Plant PhysiologyÒ, August 2010, Vol. 153, pp. 1716–1728, www.plantphysiol.org Ó 2010 American Society of Plant Biologists Downloaded from on June 16, 2017 - Published by www.plantphysiol.org Copyright © 2010 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. ...
... Plant PhysiologyÒ, August 2010, Vol. 153, pp. 1716–1728, www.plantphysiol.org Ó 2010 American Society of Plant Biologists Downloaded from on June 16, 2017 - Published by www.plantphysiol.org Copyright © 2010 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. ...
Genomic Analysis of Arabidopsis Thaliana
... In addition to the many advantages described above, the rapid rise of Arabidopsis as a preferred plant model is based upon its small genome size and few repetitive sequences. The framework for Arabadopsis genomics was set by early kinetic analyses of total Arabidopsis DNA in 1984. Most of the genome ...
... In addition to the many advantages described above, the rapid rise of Arabidopsis as a preferred plant model is based upon its small genome size and few repetitive sequences. The framework for Arabadopsis genomics was set by early kinetic analyses of total Arabidopsis DNA in 1984. Most of the genome ...
Nucleotide sequence of a segment of Drosophila mitochondrial DNA
... A+T-rich region, and segments lying on either side of this region of the mtDNA molecule of Drosophila yakuba (5). The latter segments were shown to contain genes which are also found in the mtDNA molecules of various mammalian species (6-8). However, the order in which the genes are arranged differs ...
... A+T-rich region, and segments lying on either side of this region of the mtDNA molecule of Drosophila yakuba (5). The latter segments were shown to contain genes which are also found in the mtDNA molecules of various mammalian species (6-8). However, the order in which the genes are arranged differs ...
A systemic gene silencing method suitable for high throughput
... [17-20], indicating that they share a common and evolutionarily conserved mechanism that is likely to be present in all plants, including ferns. One striking feature of gene silencing is that the silencing effects are non-cell autonomous and spread to neighboring cells. For this reason, transient ex ...
... [17-20], indicating that they share a common and evolutionarily conserved mechanism that is likely to be present in all plants, including ferns. One striking feature of gene silencing is that the silencing effects are non-cell autonomous and spread to neighboring cells. For this reason, transient ex ...
Microbial Gene Transfer: An Ecological
... mucus (1 L) were first concentrated to approx. 50 ml and 1 ml used in filter transformation assays. For sediments and bacteria in sponge tissue, the bacteria were extracted mechanically and then used in filter transformation assays. Transformation was assessed as expression of the antibiotic resista ...
... mucus (1 L) were first concentrated to approx. 50 ml and 1 ml used in filter transformation assays. For sediments and bacteria in sponge tissue, the bacteria were extracted mechanically and then used in filter transformation assays. Transformation was assessed as expression of the antibiotic resista ...
PDF
... in introns are likely to be under the influence of natural selection in plants in general. Selective constraint (also known as functional or evolutionary constraint) is defined here as the factor by which evolutionary divergence of a functional sequence is reduced, relative to a neutrally evolving s ...
... in introns are likely to be under the influence of natural selection in plants in general. Selective constraint (also known as functional or evolutionary constraint) is defined here as the factor by which evolutionary divergence of a functional sequence is reduced, relative to a neutrally evolving s ...
"Frontmatter". In: Plant Genomics and Proteomics
... comparable processes of pattern formation and the underlying genes appear to be similar, the actual mechanisms of getting to the end points of development are different. Once again, this reinforces the need to look specifically at the plant processes in order to understand how plants function. One o ...
... comparable processes of pattern formation and the underlying genes appear to be similar, the actual mechanisms of getting to the end points of development are different. Once again, this reinforces the need to look specifically at the plant processes in order to understand how plants function. One o ...
Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology
... mycosubtilin biosynthesis gene cluster devoted to synthesis of an iturin-like compound, is situated at the same location [Duitman et al., 1999], suggesting that additional NRPS operons could be integrated in different ways in this area either as an insertion or as a substitution of existing NRPS ope ...
... mycosubtilin biosynthesis gene cluster devoted to synthesis of an iturin-like compound, is situated at the same location [Duitman et al., 1999], suggesting that additional NRPS operons could be integrated in different ways in this area either as an insertion or as a substitution of existing NRPS ope ...
Transposable element
A transposable element (TE or transposon) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within the genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genome size. Transposition often results in duplication of the TE. Barbara McClintock's discovery of these jumping genes earned her a Nobel prize in 1983.TEs make up a large fraction of the C-value of eukaryotic cells. There are at least two classes of TEs: class I TEs generally function via reverse transcription, while class II TEs encode the protein transposase, which they require for insertion and excision, and some of these TEs also encode other proteins. It has been shown that TEs are important in genome function and evolution. In Oxytricha, which has a unique genetic system, they play a critical role in development. They are also very useful to researchers as a means to alter DNA inside a living organism.