Comparative Bacterial Genomics Genome Databases
... The file extension is now *.gbk.dna, illustrating the the file contains DNA extracted from a GenBank file. You shall now try to run this procedure on all the GenBank files in the GBK folder. This can be done using a so called for-loop, which runs a specific command a number of times in stead of one. ...
... The file extension is now *.gbk.dna, illustrating the the file contains DNA extracted from a GenBank file. You shall now try to run this procedure on all the GenBank files in the GBK folder. This can be done using a so called for-loop, which runs a specific command a number of times in stead of one. ...
The Mouse Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain V
... With the exception of the intronic enhancer E, the regulatory elements that control ordered recombination and allelic exclusion have not been identified. E is required for efficient D to J recombination (18, 19). It acts in part by activation of antisense intergenic transcription, which is abrogat ...
... With the exception of the intronic enhancer E, the regulatory elements that control ordered recombination and allelic exclusion have not been identified. E is required for efficient D to J recombination (18, 19). It acts in part by activation of antisense intergenic transcription, which is abrogat ...
Lesson Plan, GeneChip® Microarrays: Teacher`s Guide
... synthesize concepts from previous topics in this course. These answers are in no way complete, but do make sure to get to the major points of the question. Part I – Intro, and Gene Expression Microarrays (1) What is gene expression? What can affect gene expression? ...
... synthesize concepts from previous topics in this course. These answers are in no way complete, but do make sure to get to the major points of the question. Part I – Intro, and Gene Expression Microarrays (1) What is gene expression? What can affect gene expression? ...
Chapter 11 Powerpoint
... • 2. All have a significant number of unusual bases made by altering normal base posttranscriptionally • 3. All have base sequences in one part of molecule that are complementary to those in other parts • 4. Thus, all fold in a similar way to form cloverleaf-like structure (in 2 dimensions) • 5. Ami ...
... • 2. All have a significant number of unusual bases made by altering normal base posttranscriptionally • 3. All have base sequences in one part of molecule that are complementary to those in other parts • 4. Thus, all fold in a similar way to form cloverleaf-like structure (in 2 dimensions) • 5. Ami ...
Structural Variants in the Human Genome
... 350 base pairs in length Contain an RNA Polymerase III promoter, Alu site Appear to evolve from 7S RNA signal recognition particle ...
... 350 base pairs in length Contain an RNA Polymerase III promoter, Alu site Appear to evolve from 7S RNA signal recognition particle ...
The Genome of a Mongolian Individual Reveals
... plus the low quality ones, were filtered out. Read pairs from the libraries with short insert size (<1 kb) were then assembled into distinct contigs based on the K-mer overlap information. Next, read pairs derived from long insert-size libraries (>1 kb) were aligned to the contig sequences, and the ...
... plus the low quality ones, were filtered out. Read pairs from the libraries with short insert size (<1 kb) were then assembled into distinct contigs based on the K-mer overlap information. Next, read pairs derived from long insert-size libraries (>1 kb) were aligned to the contig sequences, and the ...
unit-2 genetics of prokaryotes and eukaryotic
... complex of the integrase enzyme (Figure 2.6) with a second bacteriophage protein, which is produced by the virus only when its host cell is stressed. If the sites recognized by such a recombination enzyme are flipped, the DNA between them will be inverted rather than excised (Figure 2.7). Many other ...
... complex of the integrase enzyme (Figure 2.6) with a second bacteriophage protein, which is produced by the virus only when its host cell is stressed. If the sites recognized by such a recombination enzyme are flipped, the DNA between them will be inverted rather than excised (Figure 2.7). Many other ...
Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium: Final
... then doubling it using tissue culture techniques. Phureja types are virtually identical to conventional potatoes in their genome sequence and the use of DM made the task of sequencing the genome much simpler. The genome sequencing process itself is quite simple nowadays, thanks to the recent develop ...
... then doubling it using tissue culture techniques. Phureja types are virtually identical to conventional potatoes in their genome sequence and the use of DM made the task of sequencing the genome much simpler. The genome sequencing process itself is quite simple nowadays, thanks to the recent develop ...
Evolution of synonymous codon usage in metazoans Laurent Duret
... identification of functional features. The main difficulty in the comparative approach is distinguishing the action of selection from the results of neutral evolutionary processes [4]. In this review, the power and limits of comparative analysis are illustrated by recent work on the evolution of syn ...
... identification of functional features. The main difficulty in the comparative approach is distinguishing the action of selection from the results of neutral evolutionary processes [4]. In this review, the power and limits of comparative analysis are illustrated by recent work on the evolution of syn ...
Divergent Evolutionary and Expression Patterns between Lineage
... To identify A. thaliana specific new genes, we selected new genes based on two criteria: first, the gene was not located in any of the syntenic regions between A. thaliana and the rest of three species A. lyrata, C. rubella, B. rapa; second, the gene did not have any reciprocal ortholog in A. lyrata ...
... To identify A. thaliana specific new genes, we selected new genes based on two criteria: first, the gene was not located in any of the syntenic regions between A. thaliana and the rest of three species A. lyrata, C. rubella, B. rapa; second, the gene did not have any reciprocal ortholog in A. lyrata ...
Differential roles of TGIF family genes in mammalian reproduction Open Access
... TGIF2 arose from TGIF1 by duplication, whereas TGIFLX arose by retrotransposition to the X-chromosome. These genes have not been characterised in any non-eutherian mammals. We therefore studied the TGIF family in the tammar wallaby (a marsupial mammal) to investigate their roles in reproduction and ...
... TGIF2 arose from TGIF1 by duplication, whereas TGIFLX arose by retrotransposition to the X-chromosome. These genes have not been characterised in any non-eutherian mammals. We therefore studied the TGIF family in the tammar wallaby (a marsupial mammal) to investigate their roles in reproduction and ...
Discussion paper - Office of the Gene Technology Regulator
... The primary aim of this review is to provide clarity about whether organisms developed using a range of new technologies are subject to regulation as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and ensure that new technologies are regulated in a manner commensurate with the risks they pose. The technical ...
... The primary aim of this review is to provide clarity about whether organisms developed using a range of new technologies are subject to regulation as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and ensure that new technologies are regulated in a manner commensurate with the risks they pose. The technical ...
Regulation of 6sg expression site transcription and switching in
... rRNA spacers are generally inactive, or have low activity, in bloodstream and procyclic forms. Some mechanism apparently operates to ensure full activation of a single ES in bloodstream-form trypanosomes and the inactivity of all ES promoters in procyclic forms. As previously shown, a rRNA promoter ...
... rRNA spacers are generally inactive, or have low activity, in bloodstream and procyclic forms. Some mechanism apparently operates to ensure full activation of a single ES in bloodstream-form trypanosomes and the inactivity of all ES promoters in procyclic forms. As previously shown, a rRNA promoter ...
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting parasitic
... strongest cases supported by phylogenetic trees corresponded to 357 LGTs from prokaryotic donors (see Additional file 2; see Additional file 5). Topologies consistent with eukaryote-to-eukaryote LGT following initial acquisition of a gene from a prokaryotic donor were identified for 39 genes in 26 d ...
... strongest cases supported by phylogenetic trees corresponded to 357 LGTs from prokaryotic donors (see Additional file 2; see Additional file 5). Topologies consistent with eukaryote-to-eukaryote LGT following initial acquisition of a gene from a prokaryotic donor were identified for 39 genes in 26 d ...
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting parasitic
... strongest cases supported by phylogenetic trees corresponded to 357 LGTs from prokaryotic donors (see Additional file 2; see Additional file 5). Topologies consistent with eukaryote-to-eukaryote LGT following initial acquisition of a gene from a prokaryotic donor were identified for 39 genes in 26 d ...
... strongest cases supported by phylogenetic trees corresponded to 357 LGTs from prokaryotic donors (see Additional file 2; see Additional file 5). Topologies consistent with eukaryote-to-eukaryote LGT following initial acquisition of a gene from a prokaryotic donor were identified for 39 genes in 26 d ...
TNFα signals through specialized factories where responsive coding
... only a few fold more "contacts". Why? Does this mean that the number of true contacts is relatively small? Does it mean that the vast majority of reads in the 4C -Seq readout are just hits on the same small number of contacts? Does it mean that the library contacts are primarily the high frequency c ...
... only a few fold more "contacts". Why? Does this mean that the number of true contacts is relatively small? Does it mean that the vast majority of reads in the 4C -Seq readout are just hits on the same small number of contacts? Does it mean that the library contacts are primarily the high frequency c ...
Document
... Visualization Using IGV The Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) is a tool that supports the visualization of mapped reads to a reference genome, among other functionalities. We will use it to observe where hits were called for the de-novo alignment (Run 1A) for the two samples (control and experimenta ...
... Visualization Using IGV The Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) is a tool that supports the visualization of mapped reads to a reference genome, among other functionalities. We will use it to observe where hits were called for the de-novo alignment (Run 1A) for the two samples (control and experimenta ...
Origin of the eukaryotic cell
... the origin of eukaryotic cell (Albani et al. 2010). The relationship among three domains, Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea, in the tree of life was investigated in this project through phylogenies constructed from two mitochondrial transmembrane proteins HSP70 and HSP60. The trees were rooted with a ...
... the origin of eukaryotic cell (Albani et al. 2010). The relationship among three domains, Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea, in the tree of life was investigated in this project through phylogenies constructed from two mitochondrial transmembrane proteins HSP70 and HSP60. The trees were rooted with a ...
Evolutionary relationships of the Tas2r receptor gene families in
... conservation in mouse than in human and suggest a classification in five groups that may reflect a specialization in their functional activity to detect bitter compounds. Tas2r genes are organized in clusters in both mouse and human genomes and an analysis of these clusters and phylogenetic analyses ...
... conservation in mouse than in human and suggest a classification in five groups that may reflect a specialization in their functional activity to detect bitter compounds. Tas2r genes are organized in clusters in both mouse and human genomes and an analysis of these clusters and phylogenetic analyses ...
Surveying Saccharomyces Genomes to Identify Functional Elements
... Identification of Non-Protein-Coding RNAs Many highly conserved sequences in intergenic regions were identified that are unlikely to encode proteins because no ORF was apparent in the S. cerevisiae genome sequence. In the few cases where we obtained sequences from more than one species that are simi ...
... Identification of Non-Protein-Coding RNAs Many highly conserved sequences in intergenic regions were identified that are unlikely to encode proteins because no ORF was apparent in the S. cerevisiae genome sequence. In the few cases where we obtained sequences from more than one species that are simi ...
A Feeling for the Organism — Life and Work of Barbara McClintock
... Genes met the King of the Nobel Swedes(2) was the consensus swayed in McClintock's direction and she at last received recognition as a true innovator, especially for her discovery of transpositioning of genes in plants, which according to scientific dogma at the time was completely contraindicated b ...
... Genes met the King of the Nobel Swedes(2) was the consensus swayed in McClintock's direction and she at last received recognition as a true innovator, especially for her discovery of transpositioning of genes in plants, which according to scientific dogma at the time was completely contraindicated b ...
The evolution of developmental gene networks
... torso, triggering a signalling cascade that regulates the zygotic expression of downstream segmentation genes, such as tailless, at either pole of the egg. (b) Gap genes. The net result of maternal signalling is the activation along the egg antero-posterior axis of a series of zygotic gap genes (i.e ...
... torso, triggering a signalling cascade that regulates the zygotic expression of downstream segmentation genes, such as tailless, at either pole of the egg. (b) Gap genes. The net result of maternal signalling is the activation along the egg antero-posterior axis of a series of zygotic gap genes (i.e ...
Transgenic Plastids in Basic Research and Plant Biotechnology
... to effective inhibition of plastid protein biosynthesis by spectinomycin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic speci®cally blocking translation on prokaryotic-type 70 S ribosomes). A successfully transformed chloroplast expresses the spectinomycin-resistance gene, aadA, thus allowing for continued cell and ...
... to effective inhibition of plastid protein biosynthesis by spectinomycin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic speci®cally blocking translation on prokaryotic-type 70 S ribosomes). A successfully transformed chloroplast expresses the spectinomycin-resistance gene, aadA, thus allowing for continued cell and ...
A natural chimeric yeast containing genetic material from three species
... Saccharomyces bayanus-like, are ubiquitous and contributed parts of the nuclear genome; the third, Saccharomyces sp. I F 0 1802-like, which has been found only in Japan, contributed the mitochondrial DNA molecule. These data suggest that the yeast cell is able to accommodate, express and propagate g ...
... Saccharomyces bayanus-like, are ubiquitous and contributed parts of the nuclear genome; the third, Saccharomyces sp. I F 0 1802-like, which has been found only in Japan, contributed the mitochondrial DNA molecule. These data suggest that the yeast cell is able to accommodate, express and propagate g ...
Transposable element
A transposable element (TE or transposon) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within the genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genome size. Transposition often results in duplication of the TE. Barbara McClintock's discovery of these jumping genes earned her a Nobel prize in 1983.TEs make up a large fraction of the C-value of eukaryotic cells. There are at least two classes of TEs: class I TEs generally function via reverse transcription, while class II TEs encode the protein transposase, which they require for insertion and excision, and some of these TEs also encode other proteins. It has been shown that TEs are important in genome function and evolution. In Oxytricha, which has a unique genetic system, they play a critical role in development. They are also very useful to researchers as a means to alter DNA inside a living organism.