Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration
... • Second stage of aerobic respiration • Couples with chemiosmosis • ETC and ATP synthase are embedded into the membrane of the mitochondria – In prokaryotes this occurs on the cell membrane ...
... • Second stage of aerobic respiration • Couples with chemiosmosis • ETC and ATP synthase are embedded into the membrane of the mitochondria – In prokaryotes this occurs on the cell membrane ...
AP Biology Chapter 5 Notes
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
4 - Clark College
... • Describe what substrates enter and what products exit the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation when oxygen is available to the cell. • Name the coenzymes of the citric acid cycle and their role in metabolism. • Identify where in the cell the reactions of the citric acid cycle and oxidat ...
... • Describe what substrates enter and what products exit the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation when oxygen is available to the cell. • Name the coenzymes of the citric acid cycle and their role in metabolism. • Identify where in the cell the reactions of the citric acid cycle and oxidat ...
Complex I - ISpatula
... (FMN) prosthetic group of this protein to give the reduced form FMNH2 NADH + H+ + FMN FMNH2 +NAD+ ...
... (FMN) prosthetic group of this protein to give the reduced form FMNH2 NADH + H+ + FMN FMNH2 +NAD+ ...
Chapter 9
... BIOL V04 Lecture: Glycolysis, Cellular Respiration & Fermentation (Ch 9) © copyright 2015 Marta D. de Jesus I. In general A. we use food B. but we can’t make food (consumers) C. there are more options D. kinds of reactions occuring in these kinds of processes 1. functional group transfers or release ...
... BIOL V04 Lecture: Glycolysis, Cellular Respiration & Fermentation (Ch 9) © copyright 2015 Marta D. de Jesus I. In general A. we use food B. but we can’t make food (consumers) C. there are more options D. kinds of reactions occuring in these kinds of processes 1. functional group transfers or release ...
Photosynthesis
... Step 1: Chlorophyll is energized by the sun Step 2: Water molecules are split Step 3: More energy is trapped in ATP Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split ...
... Step 1: Chlorophyll is energized by the sun Step 2: Water molecules are split Step 3: More energy is trapped in ATP Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split ...
Microbial Metabolism- Energy and Enzymes
... Aerobic respiration is when O2 acts as the final electron acceptor (O2 H2O) Acceptor + ne- ⇄ donor, n = number of electrons transferred ...
... Aerobic respiration is when O2 acts as the final electron acceptor (O2 H2O) Acceptor + ne- ⇄ donor, n = number of electrons transferred ...
Energy, enzymes and metabolism
... within a cell • Organized into distinct pathways • Pathway - a series of sequential reactions, each catalyzed by a different enzyme, that consists of one or more intermediates and an end-product • Pathways interconnect by sharing a substrate, endproduct or intermediate (e.g. E. coli pathways) • Cata ...
... within a cell • Organized into distinct pathways • Pathway - a series of sequential reactions, each catalyzed by a different enzyme, that consists of one or more intermediates and an end-product • Pathways interconnect by sharing a substrate, endproduct or intermediate (e.g. E. coli pathways) • Cata ...
Lecture Sixteen - Personal Webspace for QMUL
... So the cycling between ATP and ADP is the fundamental mode of energy exchange in biological systems the ENERGY CURRENCY ATP Is Continuously Formed And Consumed ATP is _______ as a long term store A typical cell consumes ATP within ONE minute of its formation therefore turnover of ATP is very ...
... So the cycling between ATP and ADP is the fundamental mode of energy exchange in biological systems the ENERGY CURRENCY ATP Is Continuously Formed And Consumed ATP is _______ as a long term store A typical cell consumes ATP within ONE minute of its formation therefore turnover of ATP is very ...
Cellular Respiration Chapter 9
... The electrons are passed down a chain of proteins until they reach the final electron acceptor…..oxygen! ...
... The electrons are passed down a chain of proteins until they reach the final electron acceptor…..oxygen! ...
SUMMATIVE ASSIGNMENT SBI4U1 - June 2015 Weight: 5% of
... Topic General Chemistry, functional groups, water, bonding Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids ...
... Topic General Chemistry, functional groups, water, bonding Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids ...
Lecture 7
... FADH2 form. 2 ATP also form. c The third and final stage, electron transfer phosphorylation, occurs inside mitochondria. 10 NADH and 2 FADH2 donate electrons and hydrogen ions at electron transfer chains. Electron flow through the chains sets up H+ gradients that drive ATP formation. Oxygen Fig. 7-3 ...
... FADH2 form. 2 ATP also form. c The third and final stage, electron transfer phosphorylation, occurs inside mitochondria. 10 NADH and 2 FADH2 donate electrons and hydrogen ions at electron transfer chains. Electron flow through the chains sets up H+ gradients that drive ATP formation. Oxygen Fig. 7-3 ...
History of Fermentation Processes and Their Fundamental
... Energy of organic molecules is not useable to living organisms—requires conversion into the “currency” of the cell, ATP, adenosine triphosphate ...
... Energy of organic molecules is not useable to living organisms—requires conversion into the “currency” of the cell, ATP, adenosine triphosphate ...
Khaled Hamarneh Summary
... Heme can go into very oxidized state (Fe+4) - Cyto C can bind only one electron. * Complex One: - Another name: NADH dehydrogenase (NADH NAD+). FMN in complex 1, the first one that accepts the electrons from NADH, its tightly bounded to complex because it may go into free radical state. - Pumps 4H ...
... Heme can go into very oxidized state (Fe+4) - Cyto C can bind only one electron. * Complex One: - Another name: NADH dehydrogenase (NADH NAD+). FMN in complex 1, the first one that accepts the electrons from NADH, its tightly bounded to complex because it may go into free radical state. - Pumps 4H ...
Cellular Respiration PowerPoint review
... Pyruvic Acid from Glycolysis enters to form 1 ATP 3 NADH ...
... Pyruvic Acid from Glycolysis enters to form 1 ATP 3 NADH ...
A2 Aerobic respiration Link reaction Glucose cannot cross the
... called cristae create a larger surface area for attachment of these electron carriers. As electrons are passed down the electron transport chain between carriers, energy is released and used to pump hydrogen ions (H+/protons) into the intermembrane space. These protons then move down an electrochemi ...
... called cristae create a larger surface area for attachment of these electron carriers. As electrons are passed down the electron transport chain between carriers, energy is released and used to pump hydrogen ions (H+/protons) into the intermembrane space. These protons then move down an electrochemi ...
METABOLISM
... CATABOLIC ROLE OF CITRIC ACID CYCLE 1) Acetyl-CoA is a common intermediate in the catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. 2) Citric acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix operates as a common „metabolic mill“ and supplies reducing equivalents (electrons, hydrogen atoms) to the respiratory ...
... CATABOLIC ROLE OF CITRIC ACID CYCLE 1) Acetyl-CoA is a common intermediate in the catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. 2) Citric acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix operates as a common „metabolic mill“ and supplies reducing equivalents (electrons, hydrogen atoms) to the respiratory ...
Ch. 7.4: Cellular Respiration
... What: Making ATP w/out O2 (using glycolysis) Context: Working muscles need an ongoing ATP supply; faster than O2 can be supplied for respiration. Yield: 2 ATPs for each glucose (but regular respiration is ...
... What: Making ATP w/out O2 (using glycolysis) Context: Working muscles need an ongoing ATP supply; faster than O2 can be supplied for respiration. Yield: 2 ATPs for each glucose (but regular respiration is ...
2 ATP`s - Madeira City Schools
... Oxygen are proteins called Cytochromes (cyt). a. Their prosthetic group is a heme group. b. It transfers electrons, not oxygen. ...
... Oxygen are proteins called Cytochromes (cyt). a. Their prosthetic group is a heme group. b. It transfers electrons, not oxygen. ...
Oxidative Stress
... factor and inflammatory cytokines It can produce large amounts of NO over hours or even ...
... factor and inflammatory cytokines It can produce large amounts of NO over hours or even ...
From Fig - Jiamusi University
... mol of ATP are formed per atom of oxygen consumed. The malate shuttle system is linked to the NAD –linked respiratory chain, 3 mol of ATP are formed per atom of oxygen consumed. ...
... mol of ATP are formed per atom of oxygen consumed. The malate shuttle system is linked to the NAD –linked respiratory chain, 3 mol of ATP are formed per atom of oxygen consumed. ...
Full_ppt_ch23
... FADH2 are passed to intermediate electron carriers and then ultimately react with molecular oxygen to produce water • Most of the enzymes for the Electron Transport Chain are found in the inner mitochondrial membrane (found in the order in which they are needed) ...
... FADH2 are passed to intermediate electron carriers and then ultimately react with molecular oxygen to produce water • Most of the enzymes for the Electron Transport Chain are found in the inner mitochondrial membrane (found in the order in which they are needed) ...
Cellular Energetics
... • e- are passed down the ETC via redox reactions until they reach the final e- acceptor (O2) to form water • No ATP is made by ETC; must be coupled to oxidative phosphorylation via chemiosmosis (diffusion of H+ across the membrane) ...
... • e- are passed down the ETC via redox reactions until they reach the final e- acceptor (O2) to form water • No ATP is made by ETC; must be coupled to oxidative phosphorylation via chemiosmosis (diffusion of H+ across the membrane) ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.