09 Respiration
... synthase to rotate. – The spinning rod causes a conformational change in the knob region, activating catalytic sites where ADP and inorganic Fig. 9.14 phosphate combine to ATP. Copyrightmake © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... synthase to rotate. – The spinning rod causes a conformational change in the knob region, activating catalytic sites where ADP and inorganic Fig. 9.14 phosphate combine to ATP. Copyrightmake © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Harvesting Energy
... The electron carriers donate their electrons to a series of complexes within the inner mitochondrial membrane. These complexes, together called the electron transport chain, use the donated energy from the electron carriers to pump protons into the intermembrane space, forming a concentration gradie ...
... The electron carriers donate their electrons to a series of complexes within the inner mitochondrial membrane. These complexes, together called the electron transport chain, use the donated energy from the electron carriers to pump protons into the intermembrane space, forming a concentration gradie ...
Bio102 Problems
... indicate if the coenzyme(s) is oxidized, reduced or neither. Similarly, identify the carboncontaining molecule that is produced by the process and indicate if those carbon atoms have been oxidized, reduced or neither during the process. ...
... indicate if the coenzyme(s) is oxidized, reduced or neither. Similarly, identify the carboncontaining molecule that is produced by the process and indicate if those carbon atoms have been oxidized, reduced or neither during the process. ...
Cellular Energy
... Electrons in the NADH and FADH2 have a lot of energy. The electrons transfer into the chain. ...
... Electrons in the NADH and FADH2 have a lot of energy. The electrons transfer into the chain. ...
Cell Respiration Cellular Respiration Aerobic Respiration Aerobic
... • Fatty acids are converted into acetyl-CoA • Large amounts of ATP produced per fatty acid ...
... • Fatty acids are converted into acetyl-CoA • Large amounts of ATP produced per fatty acid ...
Ch.23Pt.1_001
... • Products are constantly removed so no build up at the end. Concentration stays low for products ...
... • Products are constantly removed so no build up at the end. Concentration stays low for products ...
PowerPoint
... • 3 CO2, 1 GTP, 4 NADH and 1 FADH2 produced for each pyruvate molecule. • Total: 6CO2, 2 GTP, 8 NADH, 2FADH2 ...
... • 3 CO2, 1 GTP, 4 NADH and 1 FADH2 produced for each pyruvate molecule. • Total: 6CO2, 2 GTP, 8 NADH, 2FADH2 ...
Cellular Respiration
... Electron Transport Chain – uses the high energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi MOST of the energy produced from the breakdown of glucose occurs here (32/34 ATP molecules) O2 is the final electron acceptor ...
... Electron Transport Chain – uses the high energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi MOST of the energy produced from the breakdown of glucose occurs here (32/34 ATP molecules) O2 is the final electron acceptor ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical energy
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
Unit 2 Metabolism and Survival Summary
... biosynthesis. Many microorganisms can produce all the complex molecules required, including amino acids required for protein synthesis. Other microorganisms require more complex compounds to be added to the growth media, including vitamins and fatty acids. Culture conditions include sterility to eli ...
... biosynthesis. Many microorganisms can produce all the complex molecules required, including amino acids required for protein synthesis. Other microorganisms require more complex compounds to be added to the growth media, including vitamins and fatty acids. Culture conditions include sterility to eli ...
Unit 2 Metabolism and Survival Summary
... simple chemical compounds for biosynthesis. Many microorganisms can produce all the complex molecules required, including amino acids required for protein synthesis. Other microorganisms require more complex compounds to be added to the growth media, including vitamins and fatty acids. Culture condi ...
... simple chemical compounds for biosynthesis. Many microorganisms can produce all the complex molecules required, including amino acids required for protein synthesis. Other microorganisms require more complex compounds to be added to the growth media, including vitamins and fatty acids. Culture condi ...
Chapter 5 Notes:
... E. Chlorophylls and other pigments involved in absorption of solar energy reside within thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts F. Enzymes are specialized proteins that are necessary for metabolic processes like PHOTOSYNTHESIS because they lower the activation energy needed and control the rate of react ...
... E. Chlorophylls and other pigments involved in absorption of solar energy reside within thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts F. Enzymes are specialized proteins that are necessary for metabolic processes like PHOTOSYNTHESIS because they lower the activation energy needed and control the rate of react ...
Chapter_9_ppt_FINAL_FINAL_AP_BIO
... 2 NADH (glycolysis) → 6ATP 2 NADH (acetyl CoA) →6ATP 6 NADH (Kreb’s) → 18 ATP 2 FADH2 (Kreb’s) → 4 ATP 38 TOTAL ATP from 1 molecule of glucose (-2 ATP to transport 2 pyruvate into mitochondria) NET of 36 ATP ...
... 2 NADH (glycolysis) → 6ATP 2 NADH (acetyl CoA) →6ATP 6 NADH (Kreb’s) → 18 ATP 2 FADH2 (Kreb’s) → 4 ATP 38 TOTAL ATP from 1 molecule of glucose (-2 ATP to transport 2 pyruvate into mitochondria) NET of 36 ATP ...
AULAS DE BIOQUÍMICA
... Electrons reach Q through Complexes I and II. QH2 serves as a mobile carrier of electrons and protons. It passes electrons to Complex III, which passes them to another mobile connecting link, cytochrome c. Complex IV then transfers electrons from reduced cytochrome c to O2. Electron flow through Com ...
... Electrons reach Q through Complexes I and II. QH2 serves as a mobile carrier of electrons and protons. It passes electrons to Complex III, which passes them to another mobile connecting link, cytochrome c. Complex IV then transfers electrons from reduced cytochrome c to O2. Electron flow through Com ...
Chemical Reactions – Chapter 3
... As with temperature, there is a specific _______________ at which an enzyme will work ...
... As with temperature, there is a specific _______________ at which an enzyme will work ...
Ch. 6and7_Notes
... – Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion – Involves a group of molecules built into the inner membrane of the mitochondrion – Electrons pulled off of food by Glycolysis and Krebs are passed between these molecules. • This will ultimately result in the production of ATP ...
... – Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion – Involves a group of molecules built into the inner membrane of the mitochondrion – Electrons pulled off of food by Glycolysis and Krebs are passed between these molecules. • This will ultimately result in the production of ATP ...
Cellular Respiration: The Big Picture Glycolysis
... molecules. In this example, a bison ingests grass, digests the food, and delivers food molecules to cells of its body. As energy is released by the reactions of cellular respiration, cells capture and store the energy in the bonds of ATP molecules, the chief energy currency of the cell. This plentif ...
... molecules. In this example, a bison ingests grass, digests the food, and delivers food molecules to cells of its body. As energy is released by the reactions of cellular respiration, cells capture and store the energy in the bonds of ATP molecules, the chief energy currency of the cell. This plentif ...
(C) A glucose reserve - Ms. Ottolini`s Biology Wiki!
... transport chain proteins use energy from electrons passed between them to “pump” H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the intermembrane space The final electron acceptor is O2 H2O B. Chemiosmosis H+ flow back down their gradient (proton motive force) through a channel in ATP synthase ...
... transport chain proteins use energy from electrons passed between them to “pump” H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the intermembrane space The final electron acceptor is O2 H2O B. Chemiosmosis H+ flow back down their gradient (proton motive force) through a channel in ATP synthase ...
No Slide Title
... • Hydrogen accumulate inside the cristae • Concentrations gradient drives the H+ through the ATP Synthase • Energy used to make ATP (32 ATP) • The hydrogen then reacts with the oxygen molecules to make H+ + O2 --> H 2O • Some energy lost as heat – useful to keep ...
... • Hydrogen accumulate inside the cristae • Concentrations gradient drives the H+ through the ATP Synthase • Energy used to make ATP (32 ATP) • The hydrogen then reacts with the oxygen molecules to make H+ + O2 --> H 2O • Some energy lost as heat – useful to keep ...
SG 7,8,9,10
... List the energy transforming pathways of carbohydrate metabolism and their interconnections. Describe the 2 stages of glycolysis step by step, include enzymes, products, type of reaction, net energy production. Describe the 3 fates of pyruvate in detail, reactions, control, enzymes, importance of pa ...
... List the energy transforming pathways of carbohydrate metabolism and their interconnections. Describe the 2 stages of glycolysis step by step, include enzymes, products, type of reaction, net energy production. Describe the 3 fates of pyruvate in detail, reactions, control, enzymes, importance of pa ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.