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... 3. In general terms, explain the role of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. 4. Identify the three stages of cellular respiration and state the region of the eukaryotic cell where each stage occurs. 5. Understand the process of glycolysis, and explain why ATP is required for the pr ...
... 3. In general terms, explain the role of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. 4. Identify the three stages of cellular respiration and state the region of the eukaryotic cell where each stage occurs. 5. Understand the process of glycolysis, and explain why ATP is required for the pr ...
Respiration and Fermentation
... 1. Some bacteria can use carbon dioxide rather than oxygen as the prime oxidizing molecule and therefore produce methane (CH4) rather than water as a waste product. (T/F) 2. Autotrophs are organisms which can go out and hunt for their own food, unlike plants which stay in one place and absorb sunshi ...
... 1. Some bacteria can use carbon dioxide rather than oxygen as the prime oxidizing molecule and therefore produce methane (CH4) rather than water as a waste product. (T/F) 2. Autotrophs are organisms which can go out and hunt for their own food, unlike plants which stay in one place and absorb sunshi ...
Cellular_Respiration2011
... Synthesizing molecules for growth and reproduction Transport work – active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis Mechanical work – muscle contraction, cilia and flagella movement, organelle movement ...
... Synthesizing molecules for growth and reproduction Transport work – active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis Mechanical work – muscle contraction, cilia and flagella movement, organelle movement ...
Living organisms need a constant input of energy
... Glycolysis, Krebs, and the lot of it The metabolism of carbohydrate molecules in cells, particulary glucose, provides energy in the form of ATP. Through the glycolytic pathway, glucose is first converted to pyruvate, anaerobically, in the cytosol. In the absence of sufficient oxygen, in the cytosol, ...
... Glycolysis, Krebs, and the lot of it The metabolism of carbohydrate molecules in cells, particulary glucose, provides energy in the form of ATP. Through the glycolytic pathway, glucose is first converted to pyruvate, anaerobically, in the cytosol. In the absence of sufficient oxygen, in the cytosol, ...
Name ENERGY AND LIFE 8-1 pp 201
... 1. Which molecule stores more than 90 times the energy in an ATP molecule ? A. ADP B. water C. glucose D. adenine 2. All organisms get the ENERGY they need to regenerate ATP from __________________________ A. phosphates B. foods like glucose C. organelles D. ADP 3. CIRCLE ALL THE STATEMENTS THAT ARE ...
... 1. Which molecule stores more than 90 times the energy in an ATP molecule ? A. ADP B. water C. glucose D. adenine 2. All organisms get the ENERGY they need to regenerate ATP from __________________________ A. phosphates B. foods like glucose C. organelles D. ADP 3. CIRCLE ALL THE STATEMENTS THAT ARE ...
7 CellRespiration
... 3. Describe the function of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD+) and how they can be oxidized and reduced. How are these two molecules written when they are reduced? Exactly how do they carry electrons? 4. Name the three parts of cellular respiration and wr ...
... 3. Describe the function of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD+) and how they can be oxidized and reduced. How are these two molecules written when they are reduced? Exactly how do they carry electrons? 4. Name the three parts of cellular respiration and wr ...
acetyl-CoA - Winona State University
... 72 ATP + 16 ATP + 8 ATP = 96 ATP PLUS: each time acetyl-CoA cut off the FA chain: 1NADH+1FADH2 created Additional Energy: (7XNADH)+(7XFADH2)(7X3)+ (7X2)= 35 ATP Total oxidation of palmitic acid to CO2= 96+35=131 (130)ATP Compare to the 38 ATP from a single glucose molecule! Fats create tons of AT ...
... 72 ATP + 16 ATP + 8 ATP = 96 ATP PLUS: each time acetyl-CoA cut off the FA chain: 1NADH+1FADH2 created Additional Energy: (7XNADH)+(7XFADH2)(7X3)+ (7X2)= 35 ATP Total oxidation of palmitic acid to CO2= 96+35=131 (130)ATP Compare to the 38 ATP from a single glucose molecule! Fats create tons of AT ...
Introduction to: Cellular Respiration
... What happens to the Krebs cycle products? Carbon Dioxide is released to the atmosphere ATP is used for cellular activities NADH and FADH2 are used in the electron transport chain to produce large amounts of ATP ...
... What happens to the Krebs cycle products? Carbon Dioxide is released to the atmosphere ATP is used for cellular activities NADH and FADH2 are used in the electron transport chain to produce large amounts of ATP ...
H 2 O 2
... Hydroxycobalamin (a semisynthetic compound) exhibits high affinity to CN– ions, binds them in the form of harmless cyanocobalamin (B12). Sodium nitrite NaNO2 or amyl nitrite oxidize hemoglobin (FeII) to methemoglobin (FeIII), which is not able to transport oxygen, but binds CN– and may so prevent in ...
... Hydroxycobalamin (a semisynthetic compound) exhibits high affinity to CN– ions, binds them in the form of harmless cyanocobalamin (B12). Sodium nitrite NaNO2 or amyl nitrite oxidize hemoglobin (FeII) to methemoglobin (FeIII), which is not able to transport oxygen, but binds CN– and may so prevent in ...
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration.notebook
... In the beginning to start glycolysis, 2 molecules of ATP are used creating 2 ADP. When glycolysis is complete, 4 ATP molecules have been produced which results in a net gain of 2 ATP. In glycolysis, highenergy electrons, are passed to an electron carrier called NAD+ to create a molecule of NADH. ...
... In the beginning to start glycolysis, 2 molecules of ATP are used creating 2 ADP. When glycolysis is complete, 4 ATP molecules have been produced which results in a net gain of 2 ATP. In glycolysis, highenergy electrons, are passed to an electron carrier called NAD+ to create a molecule of NADH. ...
I. Introduction to class
... from NADH and FADH2 are released to chain of electron carriers. Electron carriers are on cell membrane (plasma membrane of bacteria or inner mitochondrial membrane in eucaryotes). Final electron acceptor is oxygen. A proton gradient is generated across membrane as electrons flow down chain. ...
... from NADH and FADH2 are released to chain of electron carriers. Electron carriers are on cell membrane (plasma membrane of bacteria or inner mitochondrial membrane in eucaryotes). Final electron acceptor is oxygen. A proton gradient is generated across membrane as electrons flow down chain. ...
Biochemical activity of bacteria
... • All bacteria utilize energy sources to produce ATP. • Source of energy for bacteria: C: from sugar and lipid → energy & biosynthesis N: from protein → biosynthesis O: from air →energy ...
... • All bacteria utilize energy sources to produce ATP. • Source of energy for bacteria: C: from sugar and lipid → energy & biosynthesis N: from protein → biosynthesis O: from air →energy ...
Ch. 6 Cellular Respiration
... Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) into two pyruvic acid (pyruvate) (3C) molecules ...
... Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) into two pyruvic acid (pyruvate) (3C) molecules ...
Membrane Transport
... – Primary active transport—uses ATP – Secondary active transport—uses a different energy source – Pumps things UP a conc. gradient ...
... – Primary active transport—uses ATP – Secondary active transport—uses a different energy source – Pumps things UP a conc. gradient ...
UNIT 5 NOTES – ENERGY PROCESSES METABOLISM Metabolism
... from the matrix into the intermembrane space. This process sets up an electrochemical gradient of H+ ions between the two sides of the inner membrane. This potential energy will be used to fuel the second part of oxidative phosphorylation. B. Chemiosmosis Chemiosmosis – energy stored in the form o ...
... from the matrix into the intermembrane space. This process sets up an electrochemical gradient of H+ ions between the two sides of the inner membrane. This potential energy will be used to fuel the second part of oxidative phosphorylation. B. Chemiosmosis Chemiosmosis – energy stored in the form o ...
Comprehenexam- - HCC Learning Web
... 1) List sequences that represent the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex level? _____ ______ ______ _______ ______ _____ ______ 2) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a ____________ 3) The main source of energy for producers in ...
... 1) List sequences that represent the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex level? _____ ______ ______ _______ ______ _____ ______ 2) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a ____________ 3) The main source of energy for producers in ...
Chem*3560 Lecture 30: Ion pumps in the membrane
... Na+/K+ ATPase has two conformations The overall structure is ααββ. The α subunits (1000 amino acids) have 8 transmembrane helices each, plus a large cytoplasmic ATPase domain. Each α subunit appears to be a complete functional unit, and the purpose of the dimer and the β subunit (300 amino acids, mo ...
... Na+/K+ ATPase has two conformations The overall structure is ααββ. The α subunits (1000 amino acids) have 8 transmembrane helices each, plus a large cytoplasmic ATPase domain. Each α subunit appears to be a complete functional unit, and the purpose of the dimer and the β subunit (300 amino acids, mo ...
CHEMISTRY
... become IONS- they have a charge. Ex. a Hydrogen atom that loses it’s electron is called a hydrogen ion, H+, or a proton. ...
... become IONS- they have a charge. Ex. a Hydrogen atom that loses it’s electron is called a hydrogen ion, H+, or a proton. ...
Unit 13 - Electrochemistry
... - Single replacement and combustion reactions are redox reactions, double replacement is not a redox reaction. ...
... - Single replacement and combustion reactions are redox reactions, double replacement is not a redox reaction. ...
Bioenergetics - people.emich.edu
... • pyruvate enters the Krebs from glycolysis • fatty acids also enter the Krebs cycle • together pyruvate and fatty acids drive the Krebs to produce a lot of ATP ...
... • pyruvate enters the Krebs from glycolysis • fatty acids also enter the Krebs cycle • together pyruvate and fatty acids drive the Krebs to produce a lot of ATP ...
CHAPTER 5 Energy and Life.
... Heat, Acidity and Enzyme concentration affect Enzyme function. If the human body temperature reaches 112 degrees F many enzymes Are destroyed. Even a temperature of 105 degrees F affects enzymes. Eating an all protein diet can affect the acidity of the blood causing Enzyme problems. Pepsin Enzyme is ...
... Heat, Acidity and Enzyme concentration affect Enzyme function. If the human body temperature reaches 112 degrees F many enzymes Are destroyed. Even a temperature of 105 degrees F affects enzymes. Eating an all protein diet can affect the acidity of the blood causing Enzyme problems. Pepsin Enzyme is ...
Chapter 3
... • Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) – Completes the oxidation of substrates – Produces NADH and FADH to enter the electron transport chain ...
... • Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) – Completes the oxidation of substrates – Produces NADH and FADH to enter the electron transport chain ...
Cellular Respiration
... which create an H+ gradient across the membrane Of H+ back across the membrane Oxidative phosphorylation ...
... which create an H+ gradient across the membrane Of H+ back across the membrane Oxidative phosphorylation ...
Metabolism
... A substance is oxidized when it loses one or more electrons A substance is reduced when it gains one or more electrons Oxidation-reduction reactions are controlled by enzymes Antioxidants – compounds that donate electrons to oxidized compounds, putting them into a more reduced (stable) state ...
... A substance is oxidized when it loses one or more electrons A substance is reduced when it gains one or more electrons Oxidation-reduction reactions are controlled by enzymes Antioxidants – compounds that donate electrons to oxidized compounds, putting them into a more reduced (stable) state ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.