PowerPoint
... Ends forming oxaloacetate Cycle starts again Net gain of 4 CO2, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP ...
... Ends forming oxaloacetate Cycle starts again Net gain of 4 CO2, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP ...
Ken Wu`s Metabolism Tutorial Dec 2012
... – On the inner membrane of the mitochondria – Communicated directly with ubiquinone – Succinate – Fumerate – Generates 1xFADH2 ...
... – On the inner membrane of the mitochondria – Communicated directly with ubiquinone – Succinate – Fumerate – Generates 1xFADH2 ...
Part 2 - Saddleback College
... What is the net yield of energy produced from 1 pyruvate molecule? 2 pyruvate (3C) 2 NAD+ + H+. ...
... What is the net yield of energy produced from 1 pyruvate molecule? 2 pyruvate (3C) 2 NAD+ + H+. ...
(pg 104-110) - Cellular Respiration
... • occurs in mitochondrial matrix (fluid contained w/in inner membrane) • pyruvic acid is oxidized, reducing NAD+ to NADH • Net Energy Production ...
... • occurs in mitochondrial matrix (fluid contained w/in inner membrane) • pyruvic acid is oxidized, reducing NAD+ to NADH • Net Energy Production ...
hapter 11
... catabolized by the Embden-Meyerhof, EntnerDuodoroff, and pentose phosphate pathways 4. Identify those reactions of the Embden-Meyerhof, Entner-Duodoroff, and pentose phosphate pathways that consume ATP, produce ATP and NAD(P)H, generate precursor metabolites, or are redox reactions ...
... catabolized by the Embden-Meyerhof, EntnerDuodoroff, and pentose phosphate pathways 4. Identify those reactions of the Embden-Meyerhof, Entner-Duodoroff, and pentose phosphate pathways that consume ATP, produce ATP and NAD(P)H, generate precursor metabolites, or are redox reactions ...
Problem Set 1 - Berkeley MCB
... (I) Is FAD a better oxidizer than NAD+? Explain your answer using numbers in the Table. ...
... (I) Is FAD a better oxidizer than NAD+? Explain your answer using numbers in the Table. ...
6O2 + C6H12O6 ------------------------
... Total ATP =___ 5. Describe ways ATP is used in the body. RSQ – list at least 3. 6. Anaerobic Respiration: Occurs when _______________ is available. a. Equation for lactic acid fermentation-b. Equation for alcoholic fermentation-Compare lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation by describin ...
... Total ATP =___ 5. Describe ways ATP is used in the body. RSQ – list at least 3. 6. Anaerobic Respiration: Occurs when _______________ is available. a. Equation for lactic acid fermentation-b. Equation for alcoholic fermentation-Compare lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation by describin ...
NotesSkeletalMuscleActivity
... Direct Phosphorylation of ADP by Creatine Phosphate CP + ADP creatine + ATP No Oxygen Required 1 ATP per Creatine Phosphate Provides 15 seconds of energy Fastest source of energy ...
... Direct Phosphorylation of ADP by Creatine Phosphate CP + ADP creatine + ATP No Oxygen Required 1 ATP per Creatine Phosphate Provides 15 seconds of energy Fastest source of energy ...
as a PDF
... Proton motive force = Potential energy stored in the proton gradient created across biological membranes that are involved in chemiosmosis. • This force is an electrochemical gradient with two components: 1. Concentration gradient of protons (chemical gradient). 2. Voltage across the membrane becaus ...
... Proton motive force = Potential energy stored in the proton gradient created across biological membranes that are involved in chemiosmosis. • This force is an electrochemical gradient with two components: 1. Concentration gradient of protons (chemical gradient). 2. Voltage across the membrane becaus ...
PRODUCT FACT SHEET - Taylormade Horse Supplies
... The anaerobic work creates a buildup of waste products, acid, and heat. This subsequently alters the cell by preventing the cell’s enzymes from functioning and the myofilaments from efficiently contracting. The cell membranes may then be damaged if the horse is forced to continue work, which allows ...
... The anaerobic work creates a buildup of waste products, acid, and heat. This subsequently alters the cell by preventing the cell’s enzymes from functioning and the myofilaments from efficiently contracting. The cell membranes may then be damaged if the horse is forced to continue work, which allows ...
in the presence of oxygen
... • Electrons pass from carriers through the ETC to oxygen to form water • As e- pass through ETC they lose energy • Energy lost from e-, is used to pump H+ across the membrane • With a high conc. of H+ outside of the membrane and a low conc. Inside the membrane H+ pass through ATP synthase • ATP synt ...
... • Electrons pass from carriers through the ETC to oxygen to form water • As e- pass through ETC they lose energy • Energy lost from e-, is used to pump H+ across the membrane • With a high conc. of H+ outside of the membrane and a low conc. Inside the membrane H+ pass through ATP synthase • ATP synt ...
word
... Explain how enzymes bind substrates in the active site (lock & key, induced fit) Explain how enzymes form enzyme-substrate complex Explain the central role of enzymes as catalysts What is allosteric regulation? What are the products of complete cellular respiration of glucose versus anaerobic respir ...
... Explain how enzymes bind substrates in the active site (lock & key, induced fit) Explain how enzymes form enzyme-substrate complex Explain the central role of enzymes as catalysts What is allosteric regulation? What are the products of complete cellular respiration of glucose versus anaerobic respir ...
Chapter 9 powerpoint and animations
... = organisms that can make ATP using either fermentation or cellular respiration Ex: yeast and many bacteria With oxygen pyruvate → Krebs cycle ...
... = organisms that can make ATP using either fermentation or cellular respiration Ex: yeast and many bacteria With oxygen pyruvate → Krebs cycle ...
Sample exam questions Chapter 11 Carbohydrates
... C. ketoglutarate D. fumarate E. oxalacetate * 31) In the reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, the two carbons constituting the acetyl group are A. Transferred directly to the biotin cofactor. B. Transferred to the lipoamide by an earlier intermediate in the process. * C. Oxidiz ...
... C. ketoglutarate D. fumarate E. oxalacetate * 31) In the reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, the two carbons constituting the acetyl group are A. Transferred directly to the biotin cofactor. B. Transferred to the lipoamide by an earlier intermediate in the process. * C. Oxidiz ...
Chapter 7: Where it Starts – Photosynthesis
... - The spent e- eventually is returned to its original ______________ (ATP, electron transport, Photosystem) Photosystems I - This type of photosystem uses ___________ photophosphorylation - ________ is split by _______ energy, and an e- enters the chlorophyll _____ - The chlorophyll’s original ____ ...
... - The spent e- eventually is returned to its original ______________ (ATP, electron transport, Photosystem) Photosystems I - This type of photosystem uses ___________ photophosphorylation - ________ is split by _______ energy, and an e- enters the chlorophyll _____ - The chlorophyll’s original ____ ...
Mitochondrial Shuttles and Transporters - Rose
... Glycerophosphate shuttle The glycolytic intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate can be converted to glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3phosphate dehydrogenase; this process also results in conversion of NADH to NAD. Glycerol-3-phosphate can then be converted back to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by fla ...
... Glycerophosphate shuttle The glycolytic intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate can be converted to glycerol-3-phosphate by glycerol-3phosphate dehydrogenase; this process also results in conversion of NADH to NAD. Glycerol-3-phosphate can then be converted back to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by fla ...
Metabolism: the chemical reactions of a cell
... In allosteric site, inhibitor is not reacted, but causes a shape change in the protein. The substrate no longer fits in the active site, so it is not chemically changed either. ghs.gresham.k12.or.us/.../ noncompetitive.htm ...
... In allosteric site, inhibitor is not reacted, but causes a shape change in the protein. The substrate no longer fits in the active site, so it is not chemically changed either. ghs.gresham.k12.or.us/.../ noncompetitive.htm ...
8.3 Cellular Respiration
... Answer = Chemiosmosis Sound familiar? We learned it in photosynthesis too! ...
... Answer = Chemiosmosis Sound familiar? We learned it in photosynthesis too! ...
Unit 2 Review Sheet - Discover more about NYLearns.org
... charges?” What do we call this? Draw a few water molecules to show how this bonding occurs between water ...
... charges?” What do we call this? Draw a few water molecules to show how this bonding occurs between water ...
Cell Metabolism - Florida International University
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
File - Martin Ray Arcibal
... The phosphate group that was released forms a bond with one of the molecules that will undergo the reaction, making it phosphorylated. This is the key to the energy coupling of the reactions because the additional phosphate group makes the molecule more reactive than the original unphosphorylated m ...
... The phosphate group that was released forms a bond with one of the molecules that will undergo the reaction, making it phosphorylated. This is the key to the energy coupling of the reactions because the additional phosphate group makes the molecule more reactive than the original unphosphorylated m ...
Chapter 4: Cellular Metabolism
... 12. The chain lowers _____________________________ and transfers energy to __________________________________________________________________ 13. ATP synthase uses energy to _______________________________________ 14. At the end of the chain, hydrogen atoms and oxygen combine to form ______ ________ ...
... 12. The chain lowers _____________________________ and transfers energy to __________________________________________________________________ 13. ATP synthase uses energy to _______________________________________ 14. At the end of the chain, hydrogen atoms and oxygen combine to form ______ ________ ...
chapter 4 pptol
... released to the cytoplasm, and will be used again. The ribosome moves to a new position at the next codon on mRNA. A new tRNA complementary to the next codon on mRNA brings the next amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain. Q15 RNA HAS THE ABILITY TO ACT LIKE AN ENZYME TO CATALYZE REA ...
... released to the cytoplasm, and will be used again. The ribosome moves to a new position at the next codon on mRNA. A new tRNA complementary to the next codon on mRNA brings the next amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain. Q15 RNA HAS THE ABILITY TO ACT LIKE AN ENZYME TO CATALYZE REA ...
Chapter 16 - The Citric Acid Cycle
... cycle, Kreb’s cycle) is amphibolic (both catabolic and anabolic) • The cycle is involved in the aerobic catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids • Intermediates of the cycle are starting points for many biosynthetic reactions • Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria (eukaryotes) or ...
... cycle, Kreb’s cycle) is amphibolic (both catabolic and anabolic) • The cycle is involved in the aerobic catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids • Intermediates of the cycle are starting points for many biosynthetic reactions • Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria (eukaryotes) or ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.