Objectives Chapter 6 - Mercer County Community College
... Compare catabolic and anabolic processes Define the terms: energy, kinetic energy, heat energy, potential energy, chemical energy Explain the first law of thermodynamics , the principle of conservation of energy, and how this related to metabolism 6. Explain the second law of thermodynamics and its ...
... Compare catabolic and anabolic processes Define the terms: energy, kinetic energy, heat energy, potential energy, chemical energy Explain the first law of thermodynamics , the principle of conservation of energy, and how this related to metabolism 6. Explain the second law of thermodynamics and its ...
EXAM 3 - Bakersfield College
... 87. Draw the reaction leading to ATP formation including the enzyme used in this process. 88. Draw the reaction where ATP is used as an energy source for a metabolic process. 89. Briefly describe how the chemiosmotic model is involved in the production of ATP. 90. To summarize, glycolysis converts t ...
... 87. Draw the reaction leading to ATP formation including the enzyme used in this process. 88. Draw the reaction where ATP is used as an energy source for a metabolic process. 89. Briefly describe how the chemiosmotic model is involved in the production of ATP. 90. To summarize, glycolysis converts t ...
NAD - wwphs
... Acetyl CoA enters mitochondria matrix and reacts with oxaloacetate Citrate (aka citric acid cycle) A series of reactions will yield oxaloacetate again (aka cycle) Each pyruvate makes 3 NADH, 1FADH2, 1ATP, 2 CO2 How many per glucose? ...
... Acetyl CoA enters mitochondria matrix and reacts with oxaloacetate Citrate (aka citric acid cycle) A series of reactions will yield oxaloacetate again (aka cycle) Each pyruvate makes 3 NADH, 1FADH2, 1ATP, 2 CO2 How many per glucose? ...
Energy Systems and Muscle Fibre Types
... Answer- Bioenergetic Conversion, Foods are broken down into their smallest units (glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids). These Units are then eventually converted into a high energy storing molecule called ATP, which in turn can be broken down by the body’s cells releasing energy! ...
... Answer- Bioenergetic Conversion, Foods are broken down into their smallest units (glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids). These Units are then eventually converted into a high energy storing molecule called ATP, which in turn can be broken down by the body’s cells releasing energy! ...
9.3 Fermentation
... I. Fermentation • There is a pathway that can make ATP without oxygen • Fermentation: the process of glycolysis and the anaerobic pathway combined • Without oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP ...
... I. Fermentation • There is a pathway that can make ATP without oxygen • Fermentation: the process of glycolysis and the anaerobic pathway combined • Without oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP ...
Practice Exam Answers
... Feedback inhibition ensures that the body does not waste energy. It regulates the rate of reactions. It is very important in controlling aerobic respiration. An example of this is PFK which is an allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction in glycolysis. It is inhibited by ATP and stimulated ...
... Feedback inhibition ensures that the body does not waste energy. It regulates the rate of reactions. It is very important in controlling aerobic respiration. An example of this is PFK which is an allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction in glycolysis. It is inhibited by ATP and stimulated ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical
... NAD+ functions as the oxidizing agent in many of the redox steps during the catabolism of glucose. The electrons carried by NADH have lost very little of their potential energy in this process. Each NADH molecule formed during respiration represents stored energy. This energy is tapped to synthesi ...
... NAD+ functions as the oxidizing agent in many of the redox steps during the catabolism of glucose. The electrons carried by NADH have lost very little of their potential energy in this process. Each NADH molecule formed during respiration represents stored energy. This energy is tapped to synthesi ...
Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Respiration uses the small steps in the respiratory pathway to break the large denomination of energy contained in glucose into the small change of ATP. ...
... Respiration uses the small steps in the respiratory pathway to break the large denomination of energy contained in glucose into the small change of ATP. ...
Chem331 Krebs Cycle
... Think of why this is a cycle vs. pathway - not because it is written that way. Oxaloacetate - only a small amount is needed - catalytic role Anapleurotic - “filling up” cycle can be used as entry and exit for production of other essential metabolites The TCA ...
... Think of why this is a cycle vs. pathway - not because it is written that way. Oxaloacetate - only a small amount is needed - catalytic role Anapleurotic - “filling up” cycle can be used as entry and exit for production of other essential metabolites The TCA ...
Notes from Dr
... •When ATP releases energy, the energy release only involves breaking the last of three phosphate bonds in the molecule. This results in the production of a small controlled amount of energy that is just the right amount for most of the energy using processed of the cell. •Energy release since it inv ...
... •When ATP releases energy, the energy release only involves breaking the last of three phosphate bonds in the molecule. This results in the production of a small controlled amount of energy that is just the right amount for most of the energy using processed of the cell. •Energy release since it inv ...
09_DetailLectOut_jkAR
... one molecule of glucose. 1. Phosphorylation and the redox reactions are not directly coupled to each other, so the ratio of number of NADH to number of ATP is not a whole number. One NADH results in 10 H+ being transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Between 3 and 4 H+ must reenter ...
... one molecule of glucose. 1. Phosphorylation and the redox reactions are not directly coupled to each other, so the ratio of number of NADH to number of ATP is not a whole number. One NADH results in 10 H+ being transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Between 3 and 4 H+ must reenter ...
Cell Energy
... • This reaction occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria • The 2 pyruvate produce in glycolysis goes through a series of reactions releasing 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2 & CO2. • The molecules of NADH, FADH2 (electron carriers) is now transported to the electron transport chain to produce more ATP. • The ...
... • This reaction occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria • The 2 pyruvate produce in glycolysis goes through a series of reactions releasing 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2 & CO2. • The molecules of NADH, FADH2 (electron carriers) is now transported to the electron transport chain to produce more ATP. • The ...
Respiration - Goffs School
... processes within a cell. The usual substrate (the organic substance from which energy is released) is glucose, although fats, amino acids and other substrates can be used if necessary. The energy which is released is stored - in the short term - in molecules of ATP. The process of respiration can oc ...
... processes within a cell. The usual substrate (the organic substance from which energy is released) is glucose, although fats, amino acids and other substrates can be used if necessary. The energy which is released is stored - in the short term - in molecules of ATP. The process of respiration can oc ...
Cellular_respiration_ppt
... You take the Glucose, swallow it down C6H12O6 is in town You need some O2, that’s oxygen So the respiration party can begin Now do the flip side, girl just switch it You take some water and then you mix it With some CO2 and see to your surprise ...
... You take the Glucose, swallow it down C6H12O6 is in town You need some O2, that’s oxygen So the respiration party can begin Now do the flip side, girl just switch it You take some water and then you mix it With some CO2 and see to your surprise ...
The Hunt for Red October - HFRO
... glucose is oxidized to pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. The energy released in this process is used to generate ATP directly by substrate level phosphorylation, in which phosphate groups are transferred directly from organic substrates to ADP. To obtain energy from glucose, hydrogen atoms are remo ...
... glucose is oxidized to pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. The energy released in this process is used to generate ATP directly by substrate level phosphorylation, in which phosphate groups are transferred directly from organic substrates to ADP. To obtain energy from glucose, hydrogen atoms are remo ...
Exam 1 Q2 Review Sheet
... cells convert the stored chemical potential “energy” in food to stored chemical potential “energy” in ATP. Draw a diagram to accompany your explanation if you wish. Be as specific as possible. Make sure you discuss affinity, reduction, oxidation, all of the energy transfers and when exergonic proces ...
... cells convert the stored chemical potential “energy” in food to stored chemical potential “energy” in ATP. Draw a diagram to accompany your explanation if you wish. Be as specific as possible. Make sure you discuss affinity, reduction, oxidation, all of the energy transfers and when exergonic proces ...
The Electron Transport System of Mitochondria
... The cytoplasm of nearly all eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria, although there is at least one exception, the protist Chaos (Pelomyxa) carolinensis. They are especially abundant in cells and parts of cells that are associated with active processes. For example, in flagellated protozoa or in mamma ...
... The cytoplasm of nearly all eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria, although there is at least one exception, the protist Chaos (Pelomyxa) carolinensis. They are especially abundant in cells and parts of cells that are associated with active processes. For example, in flagellated protozoa or in mamma ...
Metabolism
... • ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. • It allows protons to pass through the membrane using the kinetic energy to phosphorylate ADP making ATP. • The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as in some bacteria. ...
... • ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. • It allows protons to pass through the membrane using the kinetic energy to phosphorylate ADP making ATP. • The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as in some bacteria. ...
Matter Unit - OG
... 1.) Are made up of only one type of atom. 2) Cannot be broken down into any simpler substances by normal physical or chemical means. 3) Periodic Table of Elements *Familiarize yourself w/ it *Know what those numbers mean! ...
... 1.) Are made up of only one type of atom. 2) Cannot be broken down into any simpler substances by normal physical or chemical means. 3) Periodic Table of Elements *Familiarize yourself w/ it *Know what those numbers mean! ...
3. atomic structure
... When an electron returns from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, it emits a specific amount of energy usually in the form of light. This is known as a bright line spectrum, and can be used to identify an element like a fingerprint. ...
... When an electron returns from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, it emits a specific amount of energy usually in the form of light. This is known as a bright line spectrum, and can be used to identify an element like a fingerprint. ...
Lecture 11 (Parker) - Department of Chemistry ::: CALTECH
... at least 12 vitamins in their diet. The biosysnthesis of vitamins is oRen complex requiring many steps; it is easier to acquire these nutrients in the diet than to synthesize them de novo ...
... at least 12 vitamins in their diet. The biosysnthesis of vitamins is oRen complex requiring many steps; it is easier to acquire these nutrients in the diet than to synthesize them de novo ...
Discussion Points: Cellular Respiration
... phosphate bond that when broken releases energy. This energy is then used to carry out the cells processes. Once ATP has released its energy it becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate). ADP can be recharged by the addition of a phosphate molecule making it ready to use again. The recharging process also ...
... phosphate bond that when broken releases energy. This energy is then used to carry out the cells processes. Once ATP has released its energy it becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate). ADP can be recharged by the addition of a phosphate molecule making it ready to use again. The recharging process also ...
Assist.lec. Rafah Saleem Mitochondrion:: In cell biology, a
... described as the stomach of the cell. They are found in animal cells, while their existence in yeasts and plants are disputed. Some biologists say the same roles are performed by lytic vacuoles, while others suggest there is strong evidence that lysosomes are indeed in some plant cells. Lysosomes di ...
... described as the stomach of the cell. They are found in animal cells, while their existence in yeasts and plants are disputed. Some biologists say the same roles are performed by lytic vacuoles, while others suggest there is strong evidence that lysosomes are indeed in some plant cells. Lysosomes di ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.