Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life
... I can – distinguish between acids and bases I can – perform multiple pH tests to draw ...
... I can – distinguish between acids and bases I can – perform multiple pH tests to draw ...
Quizlet Vocab Chapter 2
... monomers for proteins, made of the amino group, the carboxyl group and the R-group (the only part that changes) ...
... monomers for proteins, made of the amino group, the carboxyl group and the R-group (the only part that changes) ...
Slides - gserianne.com
... 1. Glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate; in cytoplasm) 2. Citric acid cycle (finishes oxidation begun in glycolysis; in the matrix of mitochondria) 3. Electron transport chain (uses e- transfer to make ATP; on inner membranes of mitochondria) Produces • carbon dioxide • water • ATP (chemical energy) • he ...
... 1. Glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate; in cytoplasm) 2. Citric acid cycle (finishes oxidation begun in glycolysis; in the matrix of mitochondria) 3. Electron transport chain (uses e- transfer to make ATP; on inner membranes of mitochondria) Produces • carbon dioxide • water • ATP (chemical energy) • he ...
Exam 1 Q2 Review Sheet
... cells convert the stored chemical potential “energy” in food to stored chemical potential “energy” in ATP. Draw a diagram to accompany your explanation if you wish. Be as specific as possible. Make sure you discuss affinity, reduction, oxidation, all of the energy transfers and when exergonic proces ...
... cells convert the stored chemical potential “energy” in food to stored chemical potential “energy” in ATP. Draw a diagram to accompany your explanation if you wish. Be as specific as possible. Make sure you discuss affinity, reduction, oxidation, all of the energy transfers and when exergonic proces ...
PEP 535 - Exercise Biochemistry
... 1. If enzymes do not alter thermodynamics/bioenergetics, why are they so important in the control of metabolism? (15 points) Enzymes function to do several things. 1) They increase reaction velocities so that there are meaningful rates of product formation. 2) They can operate in both directions so ...
... 1. If enzymes do not alter thermodynamics/bioenergetics, why are they so important in the control of metabolism? (15 points) Enzymes function to do several things. 1) They increase reaction velocities so that there are meaningful rates of product formation. 2) They can operate in both directions so ...
Mathematics Semester 1 Study Guide
... 8. What are polymers and how are they made? 9. What is a condensation or dehydration synthesis reaction? 10. What is a hydrolysis reaction? How is water involved in this type of reaction? 11. What are the four major classes of organic compounds? 12. What organic compound class includes the sugars an ...
... 8. What are polymers and how are they made? 9. What is a condensation or dehydration synthesis reaction? 10. What is a hydrolysis reaction? How is water involved in this type of reaction? 11. What are the four major classes of organic compounds? 12. What organic compound class includes the sugars an ...
Structure and functions
... transport two substances across the membrane in the same direction. Symporters use the potential energy of electrochemical gradients from protons (H+), that is, proton motive force to co-transport ions, glucose, and amino acids against their concentration gradient ...
... transport two substances across the membrane in the same direction. Symporters use the potential energy of electrochemical gradients from protons (H+), that is, proton motive force to co-transport ions, glucose, and amino acids against their concentration gradient ...
BT02D04 - 09.21.10 - Cell Respiration Continued
... • Human muscle cells can make ATP with and without oxygen – They have enough ATP to support activities such as quick sprinting for about 5 seconds – A secondary supply of energy (creatine phosphate) can keep muscle cells going for ...
... • Human muscle cells can make ATP with and without oxygen – They have enough ATP to support activities such as quick sprinting for about 5 seconds – A secondary supply of energy (creatine phosphate) can keep muscle cells going for ...
Biochem19_Aerobic Respiration
... • Under aerobic conditions the cells can use oxygen and completely oxidize glucose to CO2 in a metabolic pathway called the citric acid cycle. Dr. Michael P. Gillespie ...
... • Under aerobic conditions the cells can use oxygen and completely oxidize glucose to CO2 in a metabolic pathway called the citric acid cycle. Dr. Michael P. Gillespie ...
Cellular Respiration
... • In the citric acid cycle, electrons are ripped from carbon onto the redox molecules NAD+ and FAD • All carbon is converted to CO2 • A little bit of ATP is generated ...
... • In the citric acid cycle, electrons are ripped from carbon onto the redox molecules NAD+ and FAD • All carbon is converted to CO2 • A little bit of ATP is generated ...
2 - ATP
... • Total net yield (2 turns of krebs cycle) 1. 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
... • Total net yield (2 turns of krebs cycle) 1. 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration
... ! Details of ETC: The electron transport chain is the second main part of cellular respiration. • The electron transport chain uses NADH and to make ATP. – high-energy electrons enter electron transport chain – energy is used to transport hydrogen ions across the inner membrane – hydrogen ions ...
... ! Details of ETC: The electron transport chain is the second main part of cellular respiration. • The electron transport chain uses NADH and to make ATP. – high-energy electrons enter electron transport chain – energy is used to transport hydrogen ions across the inner membrane – hydrogen ions ...
Air
... Figure this out…….. • The net result of the oxidation of one mole of oleic acid (an 18-carbon fatty acid) will be 146 moles of ATP (2 mole equivalents are used during the activation of the fatty acid), as compared with 114 moles from an equivalent number of glucose carbon atoms. ...
... Figure this out…….. • The net result of the oxidation of one mole of oleic acid (an 18-carbon fatty acid) will be 146 moles of ATP (2 mole equivalents are used during the activation of the fatty acid), as compared with 114 moles from an equivalent number of glucose carbon atoms. ...
Type WBLT Name Here Audience and Learning Goals
... LA - Lactic acid: a fatiguing metabolite of the lactic acid system resulting from the incomplete breakdown of glucose. However Noakes in South Africa has discovered that although excessive lactate production is part of the extreme fatigue process, it is the protons produced at the same time that res ...
... LA - Lactic acid: a fatiguing metabolite of the lactic acid system resulting from the incomplete breakdown of glucose. However Noakes in South Africa has discovered that although excessive lactate production is part of the extreme fatigue process, it is the protons produced at the same time that res ...
Unit 4 Photosynthesis
... This whole process has a specific name: Movement of protons within the thylakoid space due to the redox reactions that move electrons down the Electron Transport Chain H+ Gradient develops ...
... This whole process has a specific name: Movement of protons within the thylakoid space due to the redox reactions that move electrons down the Electron Transport Chain H+ Gradient develops ...
Chemistry Test Study Guide
... 21. A mixture is created when two pure substances are combined so that each of the pure substances retains its own properties. 22. Where is the majority of the mass of an atom located? In the nucleus.(Protons and Neutrons) 23. If an atom loses electron’s, will it have a positive or negative charge? ...
... 21. A mixture is created when two pure substances are combined so that each of the pure substances retains its own properties. 22. Where is the majority of the mass of an atom located? In the nucleus.(Protons and Neutrons) 23. If an atom loses electron’s, will it have a positive or negative charge? ...
No Slide Title - Suffolk County Community College
... - Catabolic reactions: break complex organic compounds into simper ones, usually via hydrolysis, usually exergonic - Anabolic reactions: build complex molecules from simpler ones, usually via dehydration synthesis, usually endergonic *Catabolic reactions provide the energy (ATP) and building blocks ...
... - Catabolic reactions: break complex organic compounds into simper ones, usually via hydrolysis, usually exergonic - Anabolic reactions: build complex molecules from simpler ones, usually via dehydration synthesis, usually endergonic *Catabolic reactions provide the energy (ATP) and building blocks ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.