Bchm2000_P5 - U of L Class Index
... (11) The phosphate added to glucose in step 1 of glycolysis is removed in step 10. As a result all intermediates in glycolysis, except glucose and pyruvate, will contain radioactive phosphate. (12) Standard free energy and equilibrium constants: a. Since G°’ = -RT ln K, K = e (-G°’ / RT) , T = 298 ...
... (11) The phosphate added to glucose in step 1 of glycolysis is removed in step 10. As a result all intermediates in glycolysis, except glucose and pyruvate, will contain radioactive phosphate. (12) Standard free energy and equilibrium constants: a. Since G°’ = -RT ln K, K = e (-G°’ / RT) , T = 298 ...
SBI-4U1 Exam Review
... 3. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are closely related processes made possible by the unique structures in which they occur. Discuss this statement. (The proton pump and endosymbiosis could be discussed in this essay.) 4. SITUATION: It is March Break and a group of Redmond students have arri ...
... 3. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are closely related processes made possible by the unique structures in which they occur. Discuss this statement. (The proton pump and endosymbiosis could be discussed in this essay.) 4. SITUATION: It is March Break and a group of Redmond students have arri ...
AP Bio - Semester 1 Review
... mow down the Electron transport chain (a series of REDOX reactions) movement of electrons used to power cytochromes to pump H+ (that was provided by water) into confined thylakoid space. This creates membrane potential due to the voltage gradient created H+ comes back into stroma through ATP syn ...
... mow down the Electron transport chain (a series of REDOX reactions) movement of electrons used to power cytochromes to pump H+ (that was provided by water) into confined thylakoid space. This creates membrane potential due to the voltage gradient created H+ comes back into stroma through ATP syn ...
Chapter 7
... It is lower in energy than ATP but needed in the process for making energy in the cell ...
... It is lower in energy than ATP but needed in the process for making energy in the cell ...
32Ch09ATP2008 (1)
... Can’t store ATP cellular good energy donor, not good energy storage respiration too reactive transfers Pi too easily only short term energy storage carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage Whoa! Pass me the glucose (and O2)! AP Biology ...
... Can’t store ATP cellular good energy donor, not good energy storage respiration too reactive transfers Pi too easily only short term energy storage carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage Whoa! Pass me the glucose (and O2)! AP Biology ...
Chapter 4
... They alter the behavior of the enzyme in a manner analogous to allosteric regulation Alter Vmax. What will happen to V if you push the substrate concentration very high? ...
... They alter the behavior of the enzyme in a manner analogous to allosteric regulation Alter Vmax. What will happen to V if you push the substrate concentration very high? ...
Document
... Metabolic turnover:Continuous synth. & degradation of tissue or nutrients to keep a constant conc. of the cell constituent. In the cell there are different organelles & enzymes when there is any process( metabolic process). There is a utilization of material & breakdown of cells in contact with the ...
... Metabolic turnover:Continuous synth. & degradation of tissue or nutrients to keep a constant conc. of the cell constituent. In the cell there are different organelles & enzymes when there is any process( metabolic process). There is a utilization of material & breakdown of cells in contact with the ...
(Semester VI) Paper 15: PLANT METABOLISM THEORY Unit 1
... shuttle; TCA cycle, amphibolic role, anaplerotic reactions, regulation of the cycle, mitochondrial electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation, cyanide-resistant respiration, factors affecting respiration. (10 lectures) Unit 5: ATP-Synthesis Mechanism of ATP synthesis, substrate level phosphorylat ...
... shuttle; TCA cycle, amphibolic role, anaplerotic reactions, regulation of the cycle, mitochondrial electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation, cyanide-resistant respiration, factors affecting respiration. (10 lectures) Unit 5: ATP-Synthesis Mechanism of ATP synthesis, substrate level phosphorylat ...
LOCATION: CYTOPLASM
... Inhibited by G-6-P which accumulated if other reactions are inhibited. 2. Pyruvate kinase 4 isoenzymic forms inhibited by ATP, activated by F-1,6-Bis P see fig 12.17 Horton liver form also inhibited by phosphorylation 3. PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE Main point of regulation ATP, citrate AMP, F-2,6-bisP i ...
... Inhibited by G-6-P which accumulated if other reactions are inhibited. 2. Pyruvate kinase 4 isoenzymic forms inhibited by ATP, activated by F-1,6-Bis P see fig 12.17 Horton liver form also inhibited by phosphorylation 3. PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE Main point of regulation ATP, citrate AMP, F-2,6-bisP i ...
Glycolysis Reactions
... Glycolysis Reactions Glycolysis is the sequence of reactions that converts glucose into pyruvate with the concomitant production of a relatively small amount of ATP. Glycolysis can be carried out anerobically (in the absence of oxygen) and is thus an especially important pathway for organisms that c ...
... Glycolysis Reactions Glycolysis is the sequence of reactions that converts glucose into pyruvate with the concomitant production of a relatively small amount of ATP. Glycolysis can be carried out anerobically (in the absence of oxygen) and is thus an especially important pathway for organisms that c ...
Chapter 9 - H-W Science Website
... 11. Describe the point at which glucose is completely oxidized during cellular respiration. ...
... 11. Describe the point at which glucose is completely oxidized during cellular respiration. ...
Unit 4 Photosynthesis
... Movement of protons within the thylakoid space due to the redox reactions that move electrons down the Electron Transport Chain H+ Gradient develops Ion Channel – ATP Synthase moves H+ out of the thylakoid Provides energy for the formation of ATP from ...
... Movement of protons within the thylakoid space due to the redox reactions that move electrons down the Electron Transport Chain H+ Gradient develops Ion Channel – ATP Synthase moves H+ out of the thylakoid Provides energy for the formation of ATP from ...
Cellular Respiration
... 10. The second stage of cellular respiration, _______________, involves the creation of important electron-carriers needed to help synthesize ATP. a. the Krebs cycle b. glycolysis c. fermentation d. the electron transport chain 11. Which part of aerobic respiration produces the most ATP? a. the Kreb ...
... 10. The second stage of cellular respiration, _______________, involves the creation of important electron-carriers needed to help synthesize ATP. a. the Krebs cycle b. glycolysis c. fermentation d. the electron transport chain 11. Which part of aerobic respiration produces the most ATP? a. the Kreb ...
8.4 Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by
... response of enzymes to substrates Feedback inhibition: a metabolic pathway is switched off by the inhibitory binding of its end product to an enzyme that acts early in the ...
... response of enzymes to substrates Feedback inhibition: a metabolic pathway is switched off by the inhibitory binding of its end product to an enzyme that acts early in the ...
Energy Systems
... a) Negatively charged subatomic particles circulating around the atom nucleus b) Essential for atoms to form covalent (sharing) bonds c) During many chemical reactions 9 Electrons are either removed or added to molecules ...
... a) Negatively charged subatomic particles circulating around the atom nucleus b) Essential for atoms to form covalent (sharing) bonds c) During many chemical reactions 9 Electrons are either removed or added to molecules ...
Growth final1 - TOP Recommended Websites
... • killed by oxygen • fermentation • no oxidative phosphorylation • lack certain enzymes: superoxide dismutase O2-+2H+ => H2O2 catalase H2O2 => H20 + O2 peroxidase H2O2 + NADH + H+ => 2H20 + NAD ...
... • killed by oxygen • fermentation • no oxidative phosphorylation • lack certain enzymes: superoxide dismutase O2-+2H+ => H2O2 catalase H2O2 => H20 + O2 peroxidase H2O2 + NADH + H+ => 2H20 + NAD ...
Picture Guide to Chapter 4
... Each atom of carbon has four electrons in its outer energy level, which makes it possible for each carbon atom to form four bonds with other atoms. As a result, carbon atoms can form long chains. A huge number of different carbon compounds exist. Each compound has a different structure. Fo ...
... Each atom of carbon has four electrons in its outer energy level, which makes it possible for each carbon atom to form four bonds with other atoms. As a result, carbon atoms can form long chains. A huge number of different carbon compounds exist. Each compound has a different structure. Fo ...
General Biochemistry Exam – 2002 Excess Acetyl
... b. The level of polarity will decrease c. The protein will become more hydrophobic d. The protein will become more hydrophilic 14. What does the enzyme RNA polymerase in E. Coli require for reproduction? a. DNA helicase b. Primase c. An AUG codon instead of +1 in DNA d. Shine Delgarno in the 5’ UTR ...
... b. The level of polarity will decrease c. The protein will become more hydrophobic d. The protein will become more hydrophilic 14. What does the enzyme RNA polymerase in E. Coli require for reproduction? a. DNA helicase b. Primase c. An AUG codon instead of +1 in DNA d. Shine Delgarno in the 5’ UTR ...
anaerobic respiration
... are excellent electron donors for chemolithotrophs. These compounds can be oxidized by the hydrogen bacteria or the sulfur bacteria, respectively, thereby generating a proton motive force and ATP synthesis. These chemolithotrophs are also autotrophs and fix CO2 by the Calvin cycle. What special en ...
... are excellent electron donors for chemolithotrophs. These compounds can be oxidized by the hydrogen bacteria or the sulfur bacteria, respectively, thereby generating a proton motive force and ATP synthesis. These chemolithotrophs are also autotrophs and fix CO2 by the Calvin cycle. What special en ...
Cellular Respiration - Mr. Fusco's Brookdale Weblog
... H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through channels in (enzyme that acts like an ion pump) ATP synthase uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ADP This is an example of chemiosmosis, the use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular ...
... H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through channels in (enzyme that acts like an ion pump) ATP synthase uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ADP This is an example of chemiosmosis, the use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular ...
Cellular Respiration Activity 9 1. The summary formula for cellular
... c. What is/are the overall function(s) of oxidative phosphorylation? ...
... c. What is/are the overall function(s) of oxidative phosphorylation? ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.