Muscle Metabolism lecture teacher
... pink. At 60 degrees C, the myoglobin itself denatures and becomes tan-coloured, giving well done meat a brownish-grey colour. Freezing for long periods of time can also denature the myoglobin. Finally, curing meat can cause other molecules to bond to myoglobin. Nitrite, used in cured meats like ham ...
... pink. At 60 degrees C, the myoglobin itself denatures and becomes tan-coloured, giving well done meat a brownish-grey colour. Freezing for long periods of time can also denature the myoglobin. Finally, curing meat can cause other molecules to bond to myoglobin. Nitrite, used in cured meats like ham ...
Section Slides
... Cellular Transport • Nucleus - transport through nuclear pores • Large enough that ions and small molecules (e.g. metabolites) can freely diffuse through them, but proteins and nucleic acids cannot ...
... Cellular Transport • Nucleus - transport through nuclear pores • Large enough that ions and small molecules (e.g. metabolites) can freely diffuse through them, but proteins and nucleic acids cannot ...
7.6 Enzymes – summary of mark schemes
... (shape of an) allosteric enzyme alternates between active and inactive (form); non-competitive inhibitor binds to allosteric site / away from active site; non-competitive inhibitor changes shape of active site; non-competitive inhibitors do not compete with substrate for the active site; end-product ...
... (shape of an) allosteric enzyme alternates between active and inactive (form); non-competitive inhibitor binds to allosteric site / away from active site; non-competitive inhibitor changes shape of active site; non-competitive inhibitors do not compete with substrate for the active site; end-product ...
CHEMISTRY OF LIFE
... Therefore, lye (pH 13.0) is approximately loo, 000 times stronger than sodium bicarbonate solution (pH 8.4). ...
... Therefore, lye (pH 13.0) is approximately loo, 000 times stronger than sodium bicarbonate solution (pH 8.4). ...
BSc in Applied Biotechnology 3 BO0045 ‑ MICROBIOLOGY
... glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-d-lactone by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, followed by the oxidation of 6-phosphoglucono-d-lactone to pentose ribulose 5-phosphate and CO2. • NADPH is produced during these oxidations. The capability of this oxidative metabolic system to bypass glycolysi ...
... glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-d-lactone by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, followed by the oxidation of 6-phosphoglucono-d-lactone to pentose ribulose 5-phosphate and CO2. • NADPH is produced during these oxidations. The capability of this oxidative metabolic system to bypass glycolysi ...
questions for lipids
... ___________________________________________________________________ endproduct (show structures) ___________________________________________________________________ substrate (show structures) ___________________________________________________________________ describe regulation (give enzymes and a ...
... ___________________________________________________________________ endproduct (show structures) ___________________________________________________________________ substrate (show structures) ___________________________________________________________________ describe regulation (give enzymes and a ...
01_Introduction. Structure, properties and biological functions
... Some metabolic processes are regulated by enzymes that exist in different molecular forms - isoenzymes Isoenzymes - multiple forms of an enzyme which differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same reaction Isoenzymes can differ in: kinetics, regulatory properties, the form of coenzyme the ...
... Some metabolic processes are regulated by enzymes that exist in different molecular forms - isoenzymes Isoenzymes - multiple forms of an enzyme which differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same reaction Isoenzymes can differ in: kinetics, regulatory properties, the form of coenzyme the ...
Ch 8 Lecture
... type of nucleotide consisting of: -nitrogenous base adenine -ribose sugar and a chain of -three phosphate groups ...
... type of nucleotide consisting of: -nitrogenous base adenine -ribose sugar and a chain of -three phosphate groups ...
Ch 3 Membrane Transports
... uses for secondary active transport : absorb glucose and AA into digestive epithelia reabsorb glucose and AA from nephron ...
... uses for secondary active transport : absorb glucose and AA into digestive epithelia reabsorb glucose and AA from nephron ...
Citric acid cycle
... phosphorylation: 2 net ATP from glycolysis and 2 ATP from the citric acid cycle. • NADH and FADH2 – Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
... phosphorylation: 2 net ATP from glycolysis and 2 ATP from the citric acid cycle. • NADH and FADH2 – Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
III. Cellular Respiration
... 4. Most cells only have a small quantity of ATP (just a few seconds worth)! a. ATP is not efficient at storing energy for a long time. b. Cells rely on the ability to make more ATP from ADP by using energy from carbohydrates and lipids. ...
... 4. Most cells only have a small quantity of ATP (just a few seconds worth)! a. ATP is not efficient at storing energy for a long time. b. Cells rely on the ability to make more ATP from ADP by using energy from carbohydrates and lipids. ...
Available
... Nitrogen metabolism in brief: It is the polymeric nitrogen containing compounds proteins and nucleic acids that define the major attributes of organism such as function and structure. Operation and mechanism of metabolic pathways is provided by proteins. Genetic information is stored in nucleic acid ...
... Nitrogen metabolism in brief: It is the polymeric nitrogen containing compounds proteins and nucleic acids that define the major attributes of organism such as function and structure. Operation and mechanism of metabolic pathways is provided by proteins. Genetic information is stored in nucleic acid ...
CHAPTER 1 THE MAIN THEMES OF MICROBIOLOGY
... of the different atoms (without having to draw out all the shells). Also, it is a good way for students to check their models to make sure they have the proper number of electrons present in the outer shell. 4. When lecturing on the various types of chemical bonds, have students discuss which bonds ...
... of the different atoms (without having to draw out all the shells). Also, it is a good way for students to check their models to make sure they have the proper number of electrons present in the outer shell. 4. When lecturing on the various types of chemical bonds, have students discuss which bonds ...
Organic Chemistry DEFINE the following Vocabulary: Adhesion
... maximized, the active sites of the enzymes are all used adding more substrate does not increase the rate of reaction. ...
... maximized, the active sites of the enzymes are all used adding more substrate does not increase the rate of reaction. ...
WEEK 11
... shown by some proteases, which split any peptide linkage. The activity of other proteases is dependent on the amino acid side chains attached to the peptide bonds. Chymotrypsin splits only those peptide bonds next to aromatic amino acids. This enzyme is said to be LINKAGE- SPECIFIC. Specificity of a ...
... shown by some proteases, which split any peptide linkage. The activity of other proteases is dependent on the amino acid side chains attached to the peptide bonds. Chymotrypsin splits only those peptide bonds next to aromatic amino acids. This enzyme is said to be LINKAGE- SPECIFIC. Specificity of a ...
video slide - Northwest Florida State College
... another, energy is released and used to make ATP b) ETC located in the inner membrane of eukaryotes 1) Plasma membrane in prokaryotes c) Oxygen is the final acceptor of e in ETC (making H2O) Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... another, energy is released and used to make ATP b) ETC located in the inner membrane of eukaryotes 1) Plasma membrane in prokaryotes c) Oxygen is the final acceptor of e in ETC (making H2O) Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Proteins
... causing it to uncoil or form a new shape. This is caused by heat, pH, or radiation. This change is not permanent Coagulation is a permanent change in the structure. Example is a boiled egg ...
... causing it to uncoil or form a new shape. This is caused by heat, pH, or radiation. This change is not permanent Coagulation is a permanent change in the structure. Example is a boiled egg ...
Assignment CHE-09 TMA-01,02 Year 2005
... Why is the hydrolytic reaction, ATP ADP a better choice for most of the biochemical reactions as compared to ATP AMP, although the amount of free energy released in the two cases is almost similar? ...
... Why is the hydrolytic reaction, ATP ADP a better choice for most of the biochemical reactions as compared to ATP AMP, although the amount of free energy released in the two cases is almost similar? ...
Chapter 10 Keywords/Objectives
... 5. Explain van Niel's hypothesis and describe how it contributed to our current understanding of photosynthesis. Explain the evidence that supported his hypothesis. 6. In general terms, explain the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis. 7. Describe the two main stages of photosynthesis in genera ...
... 5. Explain van Niel's hypothesis and describe how it contributed to our current understanding of photosynthesis. Explain the evidence that supported his hypothesis. 6. In general terms, explain the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis. 7. Describe the two main stages of photosynthesis in genera ...
enzymes - charlestonbiology
... - involves many intermediates along the way Glucose is converted to intermediate 1 by enzyme 1 - this is irreversible Ensures levels of glucose stay low within a cell - allows more glucose to diffuse into the cell Intermediate 1 converting to intermediate 2 is reversible - aided by enzyme 2 - if the ...
... - involves many intermediates along the way Glucose is converted to intermediate 1 by enzyme 1 - this is irreversible Ensures levels of glucose stay low within a cell - allows more glucose to diffuse into the cell Intermediate 1 converting to intermediate 2 is reversible - aided by enzyme 2 - if the ...
... Choice B: In anaerobic metabolism, lactate is generated from _____________________ in the muscles to regenerate ___________________ for use in _____________________ (name of a metabolic pathway). The lactate is usually converted to glucose in the __________________ (organ). Choice C: In the reaction ...
Book Problems Chapter 2
... Peptide c is most likely to form an α helix with its three charged residues (Lys, Glu, and Arg) aligned on one face of the helix. Peptide a has adjacent basic residues (Arg and Lys), which would destabilize a helix. Peptide b contains Gly and Pro, both of which are helix-breaking (Table 6-1). The pr ...
... Peptide c is most likely to form an α helix with its three charged residues (Lys, Glu, and Arg) aligned on one face of the helix. Peptide a has adjacent basic residues (Arg and Lys), which would destabilize a helix. Peptide b contains Gly and Pro, both of which are helix-breaking (Table 6-1). The pr ...
Energy 1
... What happens when not enough oxygen is supplied to the muscles? Hydrogens from glycolysis? Pyruvate to Lactate ...
... What happens when not enough oxygen is supplied to the muscles? Hydrogens from glycolysis? Pyruvate to Lactate ...
Muscle
... most of the electrons are passed to O2 via electrontransport pathway coupled with oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in the formation of ATP Some electrons reduce NADP+ to NADPH The intermediates serve as substrates for anabolism Glycolysis The citric acid cycle Electron transport and oxidative ph ...
... most of the electrons are passed to O2 via electrontransport pathway coupled with oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in the formation of ATP Some electrons reduce NADP+ to NADPH The intermediates serve as substrates for anabolism Glycolysis The citric acid cycle Electron transport and oxidative ph ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.