Biochemistry 2007
... Please mark the one INCORRECT statement in regard to the conformations of hemoglobin: (a) The relaxed (“R”) conformation displays higher oxygen affinity than the taut (“T”) conformation. (b) Some mutations in the sliding contacts region (i.e., α1β2 globin contacts) may cause shift of the equilibrium ...
... Please mark the one INCORRECT statement in regard to the conformations of hemoglobin: (a) The relaxed (“R”) conformation displays higher oxygen affinity than the taut (“T”) conformation. (b) Some mutations in the sliding contacts region (i.e., α1β2 globin contacts) may cause shift of the equilibrium ...
Finals Practice Exam answers
... SDS-PAGE in the absence of -mercaptoethanol, a single band is seen at 50,000 Daltons. A repeat of the SDS-PAGE gel in the presence of -mercaptoethanol shows two bands, one at 20,000 and one at 30,000 Daltons. What can you conclude about the makeup of the intact protein? : The intact protein likel ...
... SDS-PAGE in the absence of -mercaptoethanol, a single band is seen at 50,000 Daltons. A repeat of the SDS-PAGE gel in the presence of -mercaptoethanol shows two bands, one at 20,000 and one at 30,000 Daltons. What can you conclude about the makeup of the intact protein? : The intact protein likel ...
Biochemistry II Test 2Q
... The long chain fatty acids (__c), except for ___ are produced by FA elongation with _____. Where does FA elongation occur, what is its enzyme, substrate, and dependence? The short chain FAs have how many carbons? Since short chain production occurs in the mitochondria, the substrate is naturally ___ ...
... The long chain fatty acids (__c), except for ___ are produced by FA elongation with _____. Where does FA elongation occur, what is its enzyme, substrate, and dependence? The short chain FAs have how many carbons? Since short chain production occurs in the mitochondria, the substrate is naturally ___ ...
LIPIDS
... phosphate yields sphingomyelin while the addition of sugars yields cerebrosides and globosides. Those glycolipids that contain sialic acid are known as gangliosides. ...
... phosphate yields sphingomyelin while the addition of sugars yields cerebrosides and globosides. Those glycolipids that contain sialic acid are known as gangliosides. ...
Metabolic homeostasis of the heart
... short time constants. This ability of energetic tissues to maintain the concentration of high energy phosphates during periods of increased use has been appreciated for many years. One of the first lengthy discussions and experimental insights was provided by A.V. Hill in his 1950 “Challenge to Bioc ...
... short time constants. This ability of energetic tissues to maintain the concentration of high energy phosphates during periods of increased use has been appreciated for many years. One of the first lengthy discussions and experimental insights was provided by A.V. Hill in his 1950 “Challenge to Bioc ...
Mohammed Laqqan
... • Now called “isoform” of an enzyme. • They have similar catalytic activity, but are different biochemically or immunologically and can be demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility, differences in absorption properties or by their reaction with a specific antibody. Mohammed Laqqan ...
... • Now called “isoform” of an enzyme. • They have similar catalytic activity, but are different biochemically or immunologically and can be demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility, differences in absorption properties or by their reaction with a specific antibody. Mohammed Laqqan ...
ภาพนิ่ง 1
... • Experimentally, Km is a useful parameter for characterizing the number and/or types of substrates that a particular enzyme will utilize (an example will be discussed). • It is also useful for comparing similar enzymes from different tissues or different organisms. • Also, it is the Km of the rate- ...
... • Experimentally, Km is a useful parameter for characterizing the number and/or types of substrates that a particular enzyme will utilize (an example will be discussed). • It is also useful for comparing similar enzymes from different tissues or different organisms. • Also, it is the Km of the rate- ...
The Energy Requirement for Growth: An A ~ ~ lication of
... Eq/mol glycerol 1-phosphate. The synthesis of 1 mol triglycerides requires, therefore, 1 0 ATP Eq and the expenditure of 0.5 mol glucose. The average molecular weight of a triglyceride will be assumed t o be 850. The synthesis of 1 g fat requires thus 0.01 2 ATP E q and the expenditure of 0.00059 mo ...
... Eq/mol glycerol 1-phosphate. The synthesis of 1 mol triglycerides requires, therefore, 1 0 ATP Eq and the expenditure of 0.5 mol glucose. The average molecular weight of a triglyceride will be assumed t o be 850. The synthesis of 1 g fat requires thus 0.01 2 ATP E q and the expenditure of 0.00059 mo ...
Biochemistry of RBC Metabolism
... enlarged from a variety of causes and red blood cells become sequestered in it. 2. Antibodies (eg, transfusion reactions and anti-Rh antibodies, Plasma warm, and cold antibodies that lyse red blood cells. 3. Hemolysins released by various infectious agents, such as certain bacteria (eg, certain stra ...
... enlarged from a variety of causes and red blood cells become sequestered in it. 2. Antibodies (eg, transfusion reactions and anti-Rh antibodies, Plasma warm, and cold antibodies that lyse red blood cells. 3. Hemolysins released by various infectious agents, such as certain bacteria (eg, certain stra ...
Chapter 19 Carbohydrate Biosynthesis
... neither Lys and Leu nor even-numbered fatty acids are glucogenic in mammals; but net conversion of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate occurs in organisms like plants and bacteria that have the glyoxylate cycle. • Fatty acid oxidation provide an important energy source for gluconeogenesis. ...
... neither Lys and Leu nor even-numbered fatty acids are glucogenic in mammals; but net conversion of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate occurs in organisms like plants and bacteria that have the glyoxylate cycle. • Fatty acid oxidation provide an important energy source for gluconeogenesis. ...
Final Exam - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... Arginine can be synthesized from ornithine in the urea cycle. Therefore, arginine is an essential amino acid only under certain circumstances when the metabolic demand for arginine is exceedingly high, such as during childhood, pregnancy, or recovery from illnesses. Ornithine (see below, compound on ...
... Arginine can be synthesized from ornithine in the urea cycle. Therefore, arginine is an essential amino acid only under certain circumstances when the metabolic demand for arginine is exceedingly high, such as during childhood, pregnancy, or recovery from illnesses. Ornithine (see below, compound on ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
... PEP Carboxykinase catalyzes GTP-dependent oxaloacetate PEP. It is thought to proceed in 2 steps: Oxaloacetate is first decarboxylated to yield a pyruvate enolate anion intermediate. This is phosphorylated by phosphate transfer from GTP. A metal ion such as Mn++ is required, in addition to Mg++ ass ...
... PEP Carboxykinase catalyzes GTP-dependent oxaloacetate PEP. It is thought to proceed in 2 steps: Oxaloacetate is first decarboxylated to yield a pyruvate enolate anion intermediate. This is phosphorylated by phosphate transfer from GTP. A metal ion such as Mn++ is required, in addition to Mg++ ass ...
Lecture 22 - Introduction to Metabolism: Regulation Key Concepts
... between citrulline and asparagine is the addition of a single amino group obtained from aspartate, however in order for this to occur, argininosuccinate has to function both as a product and a reactant. 1 of 8 pages ...
... between citrulline and asparagine is the addition of a single amino group obtained from aspartate, however in order for this to occur, argininosuccinate has to function both as a product and a reactant. 1 of 8 pages ...
Anaerobic respiration with elemental sulfur and with disulfides
... but has only been investigated in a few organisms in detail. The electron transport chain that catalyzes polysulfide reduction in the Gram-negative bacterium Wolinella succinogenes consists of a dehydrogenase (formate dehydrogenase or hydrogenase) and polysulfide reductase. The enzymes are integrate ...
... but has only been investigated in a few organisms in detail. The electron transport chain that catalyzes polysulfide reduction in the Gram-negative bacterium Wolinella succinogenes consists of a dehydrogenase (formate dehydrogenase or hydrogenase) and polysulfide reductase. The enzymes are integrate ...
Properties of Amino Acids
... acids with respect to the conforomations that the backbone can adopt. For this reason, it is not surprising to see Alanine present in just about all non-critical protein contexts. • Role in function: The Alanine side chain is very nonreactive, and is thus rarely directly involved in protein function ...
... acids with respect to the conforomations that the backbone can adopt. For this reason, it is not surprising to see Alanine present in just about all non-critical protein contexts. • Role in function: The Alanine side chain is very nonreactive, and is thus rarely directly involved in protein function ...
AP Biology Chapter 8 Introduction to Metabolism Guided Notes
... build complex molecules from simpler ones • The synthesis of ____________ from amino acids is an example of anabolism • ____________________ is the study of how organisms manage their energy resources ...
... build complex molecules from simpler ones • The synthesis of ____________ from amino acids is an example of anabolism • ____________________ is the study of how organisms manage their energy resources ...
Fundamentals of Biochemistry. Life at the Molecular Level. 3rd Edition Brochure
... Brochure More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2242601/ ...
... Brochure More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2242601/ ...
Enzyme kineics
... acids with respect to the conforomations that the backbone can adopt. For this reason, it is not surprising to see Alanine present in just about all non-critical protein contexts. • Role in function: The Alanine side chain is very nonreactive, and is thus rarely directly involved in protein function ...
... acids with respect to the conforomations that the backbone can adopt. For this reason, it is not surprising to see Alanine present in just about all non-critical protein contexts. • Role in function: The Alanine side chain is very nonreactive, and is thus rarely directly involved in protein function ...
Balancing Redox Equations
... Oxidation Number - The charge that an atom would have if the compound in which it were found were ionic. The rules: 1) The sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a molecule must be equal to the overall charge on the molecule. 2) To assign a number to a transition metal ion (not listed in the t ...
... Oxidation Number - The charge that an atom would have if the compound in which it were found were ionic. The rules: 1) The sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a molecule must be equal to the overall charge on the molecule. 2) To assign a number to a transition metal ion (not listed in the t ...
Nerve Junctions
... • Synapses are the junctions between two or more neurones. • Here, neurones are able to signal to the next neurone in the sequence. • The synaptic cleft the gap between two neurons and is only 20nm wide. • Action potentials cannot cross the gap between two neurons so instead they release chemicals ( ...
... • Synapses are the junctions between two or more neurones. • Here, neurones are able to signal to the next neurone in the sequence. • The synaptic cleft the gap between two neurons and is only 20nm wide. • Action potentials cannot cross the gap between two neurons so instead they release chemicals ( ...
Lecture 016-
... DIPF (diisopropylphosphorofluoridate) is an… acetylecholinesterase inhibitor—doesn’t breakdown the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, which is vital for muscle contraction ...
... DIPF (diisopropylphosphorofluoridate) is an… acetylecholinesterase inhibitor—doesn’t breakdown the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, which is vital for muscle contraction ...
ENZYMES - PROBLEMS - Chemistry@Elmhurst
... attached to polysaccharide backbones is formed. The cross linking is catalyzed by the enzyme transpeptidase. First the terminal alanine from each peptide is hydrolyzed and secondly one alanine is joined to lysine through an amide bond. Penicillin binds at the active site of the transpeptidase enzyme ...
... attached to polysaccharide backbones is formed. The cross linking is catalyzed by the enzyme transpeptidase. First the terminal alanine from each peptide is hydrolyzed and secondly one alanine is joined to lysine through an amide bond. Penicillin binds at the active site of the transpeptidase enzyme ...
AP Biology Review Sheet for the Midterm Exam Unit 1 – Evolution
... Compare and contrast the structure and function of the elements of the cytoskeleton Explain the functions of cytoskeletal proteins Explain the process and importance of microtubular instability Explain how microtubules cause flagellar movement Explain how cells use the cytoskeleton for intracellular ...
... Compare and contrast the structure and function of the elements of the cytoskeleton Explain the functions of cytoskeletal proteins Explain the process and importance of microtubular instability Explain how microtubules cause flagellar movement Explain how cells use the cytoskeleton for intracellular ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.