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NAME __________________________ DATE _________ PERIOD ______ The three bases on the tRNA molecule that are complementary to one of the mRNA codons are called the ___________________. A. message matches B. anticodon C. promoter D. exon According to the base pair rules, which nucleotide is always paired with Adenine IN A DNA MOLECULE? A. Adenine B. Thymine C. Guanine D. Uracil DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, ___________________________________________ A. each with two new strands B. one with two new strands and one with 2 original strands C. each with two original strands D. each with one new strand and one original strand Which type(s) of RNA is/are involved in protein synthesis? A. t-RNA only B. R-RNA only C. r-RNA and m-RNA only D. all 3 kinds of RNA are involved in making proteins Where in the cell does transcription take place? A. in the nucleus B. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm C. in Golgi bodies D. on the nucleosomes Where in the cell does translation take place? A. in the nucleus B. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm C. in Golgi bodies D. on the nucleosomes How many codons are needed to specify THREE AMINO ACIDS? A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12 MATCH THE PROCESS WITH ITS DESCRIPTION: TRANSLATION TRANSCRIPTION REPLICATION _______________________ Making an complementary RNA sequence from a DNA code (DNA RNA) _______________________ Making a DNA copy of a DNA molecule (DNA DNA) _______________________ Making proteins from an RNA message (RNA protein) messenger-RNA ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ transfer-RNA ribosomal-RNA Carries the DNA code from nucleus to cytoplasm Made by the nucleolus Has a CODON region Has an ANTICODON region ___________________ ___________________ 1 ___________________ COMPARE AND CONTRAST DNA RNA Double / Single stranded? Sugar used? List all nitrogen bases it has Which nitrogen base is missing? SHORT ANSWER: Name the 3 parts of a nucleotide molecule: __________________ _____________________ _____________________ If a double helix is compared to a “twisted ladder”, which would the following represent? Sides of the ladder ? ___________________________ Rungs of ladder ? ______________________________ Glue in the middle that holds the ladder together? ____________ 5. USE THE mRNA CODE CHART to tell the amino acid sequence coded for by the following message: U C A A A A U U C 2 6. Which kind of RNA has an ANTICODON region and carries the amino acids to the ribosome?____________________________ 7. Name the parts/structures of a cell: A = __________________ B = __________________ C = __________________ D = __________________ E = __________________ F = __________________ 8. Tell 3 ways DNA is different from RNA. 9. When making DNA, CYTOSINE always pairs with _______________________. 10. Name this subunit used to build DNA and RNA. 11. Give the complementary DNA strand. A T T G C C A G C 19. Name the nucleic acid that is double stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar. 21. If a DNA strand is made of 20% Adenine what percentage of the DNA is made up of: Thymine:__________ Cytosine:__________ Guanine:___________ 22. Compare and contrast a frame-shift mutation and a substitution mutation. 3 23.Using your codon chart, find the mRNA strand, amino acid sequence, tRNA sequence, and the location of the codons and anti-codons DNA:A C G T A T A C C A C A T A T mRNA tRNA: Amino Acids: DNA:T C A T A T A G G G A T A C A mRNA tRNA: Amino Acids: DNA:T T A C A C A G G A G A C T T mRNA tRNA: Amino Acids: 24. Which set of parents does the soldier belong to? Indicate where each band came from 25. Whose Blood matches that found at the crime scene? How do you know? 4