Download Grudge Ball Review

Grudge Ball Review
• Each team starts with 10 X’s on the board.
• Teams will take turns answering questions. Your team has one minute to
answer a question. Teams not answering need to pay attention! You can
steal the question if the original team does not get the correct answer.
• If your team gets the answer right, you can erase 2 X’s from the board (you
can’t erase your own).
• Also, if you get the answer right, you may shoot the tennis ball into the
trash bin from the line for an opportunity to erase 2 extra X’s (4 total).
• The goal is to knock out the other teams.
• If your team is knocked out, you can earn back 2 X’s by getting the question
right (double for making a basket-4X’s)
Helpful Hint- You SHOULD take notes for
questions that you are unsure of or get wrong
Who observed variations on the characteristics
of plants and animals on different islands of the
Galapagos?
Charles Darwin
Alone, our vision is limited. Together
we're 20/20.
In addition to observing living organisms, Darwin
studied the preserved remains of ancient
organisms called
Fossils
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we're 20/20.
Explain the difference between homologous and
analogous structures.
Homologous structures share a common ancestry, but not necessarily
a common function. Analogous structures share a common function,
but do not share a common ancestry. Homologous structures are
evidence of evolution.
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Explain what the term evolution means and give
an example
Evolution means change over time. An example
of evolution is the change over time in some
bacteria that allows them to resist drugs
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we're 20/20.
What is artificial selection? How did the concept
influence Darwin’s thinking?
Artificial selection is the process of selectively
breeding plants and animals to have desired
traits by breeders or farmers. Artificial selection
showed Darwin how heritable traits of
organisms could change over time.
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we're 20/20.
A sunflower produces many seeds. Will all the
seeds grow into mature plants? Explain your
answer.
More offspring are produced than can survive to
a mature adult form. This is due to competition
for survival.
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we're 20/20.
How does stabilizing selection and disruptive
selection differ?
Stabilizing selection is when individuals near the center have
higher fitness. Disruptive selection is when individuals at
both end of the distribution have higher fitness.
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we're 20/20.
Explain why Lamarck made a significant
contribution to science even though his
explanation for evolution was wrong.
Lamarck was the first scientist to suggest that
species are not fixed, and he tried to explain
evolution using natural processes.
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An inherited characteristic that increases an
organism’s ability to survive and reproduce is
called a
Adaptation
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What is fitness in concerns to biology?
Ability to survive and reproduce
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How does natural variation affect evolution?
Variation is necessary if some organisms are to
have greater fitness than others and to have a
greater chance of passing on their traits to the
next generation.
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The type of selection in which individuals of
average size have greater fitness than smaller or
larger individuals is called…
Stabilizing selection
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Describe the conditions necessary for natural
selection to occur.
1. There most be over production of off-spring
2. Variation among heritable traits
3. Variations must correlate to differences in
fitness
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Distinguish between fitness and adaptation.
How are the two concepts related?
Fitness refers to how well an organism can
survive and reproduce.
Adaptation refers to any heritable characteristic
that increases an organism’s fitness.
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How does the process of natural selection
account for the diversity of organisms that
Darwin observed on the Galapagos Islands?
The Galapagos Islands varied in their
environments, so organisms with different traits
were better suited for different islands. Over
time, natural selection for different traits on
each island led to variation in the species.
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Structures that have different mature forms but
develop from the same embryonic tissues (same
structure, different function) are called
Homologous structures
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What is the evidence for evolution?
1. Fossils
2. Comparative anatomy (homologous structures
and vestigial structures)
3. Embryology
4. Genetics
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Intermediate fossil forms are important evidence
of evolution because they show…
How organisms have changed over time
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How do DNA and RNA (genetic code) provide
evidence for common descent?
The universal genetic code in DNA and RNA
shows that all living species descended from an
ancient common ancestor.
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Which scientist formulated the theory of
evolution through natural selection?
Charles Darwin
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The following image is an example of what type
of selection?
Directional selection
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Why are vestigial structures examples of
evolution?
Because these features are remnants of
structures that functioned in the organism’s
ancestor.
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Could artificial selection occur without inherited
variation? Explain your answer.
No because there would be no variation for
breeders and farmers to select.
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What happens in the process of natural
selection?
Organisms that are more suited to their
environment survive and reproduce more
successfully
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What is biogeography?
Study of past and present distribution of
organisms
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Is analogous or homologous structures
evidence of evolution? Explain
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The large ground finch obtains food by cracking
seeds. Its short, strong beak is an example of…
An adaptation
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