Download Study Tips for Chapter 14 - Digestion

Study Tips for Chapter 14 - Digestion
Match the structure with its function:
a. Stomach
b. Pancreas
c. Mouth
d. Liver
e. Pharynx
ab. Rectum
ac. salivary glands
ad. Esophagus
ae. small intestine
abc. Large intestine
abd. Anus
abe. Gallbladder
1. Secretes saliva
2. Food is chewed and moistened here
3. Swallowing is initiated here
4. Protein digestion begins here
5. Produces bile
6. Reabsorbs water
7. Stores and expels feces
8. Digestion is completed here
9. Stores and concentrates bile
10. Secretes enzymes to digest all food groups
11. Muscular tube moving food from pharynx to stomach
12. Terminal opening for expelling feces
Matching:
a. Vitamin
b. Villi
c. Microvilli
d. Calorie
e. Chyme
ab. Iron
ac. secretin
ad. Lipase
ae. Bicarbonate
abc. Gastrin
1. a fat digesting enzyme
2. Fingerlike projections on the folds of the stomach.
3. Microscopic projections on mucosal cells of the stomach
4. Hormone secreted by the stomach
5. Mineral element needed for production of hemoglobin
6. Neutralizes pH in saliva, pancreatic juice, and bile.
7. One of two hormones produced by the small intestine
8. A unit of energy
9. An organic compound required in minute amounts.
10. Contents of the duodenum
Matching:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ab.
ac.
Liver
Pancreas
Colon
Caecum
hepatic portal system
Sigmoid colon
Bile
1. Venous blood vessels that drain the stomach, intestines, and pancreas
2. Stores fat-soluble vitamins
3. Secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum.
4. Divided into ascending, transverse, and descending sections.
5. Emulsifies lipids
6. The portion of the colon that joins the rectum
7. A pouch that receives chyme from the small intestine
Fill in the blank/ multiple choice
Stretching in the stomach signals the muscles to increase _________________. When the stomach
stretches, neural reflexes increase secretion of _____________.
The four layers of the GI tract are _________________, __________________, ________________, and
______________________. In which layer does absorbtion take place?___________________. Which
layer has smooth muscle? _____________________.
The accessory organs of the digestive system consist of ____________________, __________________,
____________________, and ____________________. Which one stores glycogen and some vitamins
and iron? __________________. Which one inactivates chemicals like alcohol? __________________.
When the food enters the small intestine it is called _____________.
An enzyme secreted by the salivary glands is _______________. A) lysozyme b) amylase c) lypase
d) pepsinogen e) trypsin. It digests ________________ a) proteins b) lipids c) carbohydrates d) all of the
above. It works best in a/an ____________ environment. a) highly acid b) neutral
An enzyme secreted by the stomach is _______________. A) lysozyme b) amylase c) lypase d) pepsinogen
e) trypsin. It digests a) proteins b) lipids c) carbohydrates d) all of the above. It works best in a/an
____________ environment. a) highly acid b) neutral
The digestion of ________________ begins in the small intestine. a) proteins b) lipids c) carbohydrates d)
all of the above. The digestion of this material is enhanced by what substance produced by the liver, which
emulsifies it? _______________. A) bicarbonate b) bile c) lipase d) vitamin K e) gastrin
Mechanical digestion begins in a) mouth b) pharynx c) esophagus d) stomach e) duodenum
The large intestine absorbs primarily a) nutrients b) vitamins and minerals c) lipids d) water
Nutrient rich blood leaving the GI tract goes directly to the a) large intestine b) vessels of the body c) liver
d) kidney
Bile is produced by the __________ and stored by the _____________. A) gall bladder, small intestine
b) gall bladder, liver c) liver, small intestine d) liver, gall bladder
The pancreas secretes enzymes that aid digestion of a) carbohydrates b) fats c) lipids d) all of the above
Most of the digestion that takes place in the small intestine occurs in a) the duodenum b) the ileum c) the
jejunum d) the lactiles
Enzyme activity in the stomach contributes to the digestion of a) carbohydrates b) proteins c) lipids d) all of
the above
Malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter may result in ______________ a) bulimia b) acid reflux
c) stomach ulcer d) diarrhea
The tongue is primarily a) skeletal muscle b) smooth muscle c) connective tissue d) epithelial tissue
The random contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle for the purpose of mixing food is called
a) mechanical processing b) peristalsis c) segmentation d) motility
Which of the following components of saliva inhibit bacterial growth? A) bicarbonate b) lysozyme c)
mucin d) amylase
Which of the following represents the path of food after leaving the mouth? A) pharynx, larynx, esophagus,
small intestine, large intestine. B) pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine. C) larynx,
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine. D) larynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine.
Your daily energy needs to perform essential activities like breathing and maintaining organ function is
called you’re a) caloric intake b) basal metabolic rate c) essential amino acid requirements d) essential fatty
acids e) none of the above
Matching
a. Lactose intolerance
b. Gallstones
c. Colon polyps
d. Anorexia nervosa
e. Diverticulosis
ab. Obesity
ac. Hepatitis
ad. Bulimia
1) excessive cholesterol in the bile
2) weight is 30% or more then a healthy weight
3) binge and purge condition
4) excessive dieting
5) inflamation of the liver usually by a virus
6) weakness of the intestinal wall
7) noncancerous growths
8) difficulty digesting milk
Study Tips for Chapter 15: Urinary System
Fill in the Blank
1.
2.
3.
4.
Structure that carries urine outside the body. ______________
Structure in the nephron where filtration occurs. _____________
Structure that stores urine. ________________
Structure that delivers urine to the bladder from the kidney. _____________
1. The active transport of ______________ out of the renal tubular cell membrane is the
key to re-absorption of other materials.
2. The nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine is _______________
3. The dissolved substances in the urine is called the _____________.
4. The kidneys can produce either a dilute or concentrated urine by regulating reabsorption of ______________.
5. The kidney controls the acid-base or pH of the blood by regulating the amount of
___________ and ______________ it excretes
Matching:
Diuretic
hemodialysis
Kidney stone
An obstruction in the kidney _____________
The artificial cleansing of the blood by a machine. ________________
Any substance that increases urine flow. ______________
Which gland secretes ADH? _____________________
What is the action of ADH on the kidney? __________