Download Human (mammalian) Body Systems Begin your tour of body systems

Human (mammalian) Body Systems
Begin your tour of body systems by reviewing Figure 35.2 on page 892-893.
Remember that all of your body systems are integrated and regulated by the neuroendocrine
system (the coordination of the nervous and endocrine (hormones) systems. As time is
limited, focus on the figures indicated.
Digestive System
Chapter 38-2
Figure 38.10, p 979
* components (primary organs, accessory organs/glands)
* absorptive structures of the intestines (capillary interface) ... villi
* peristalsis, sphincters
Endocrine system
Chapter 39
Figure 39.2, p 998
* definition of hormone
** types of hormones (chemical classes)
* the connection to the brain/nervous system ... the hypothalamus
* homeostasis ... ooh, this is big!
** major glands and their functions/major hormones
Integumentary system
Chapter 36.3 Figure 36.13, p 934
* structure of skin ... layers
* features ... nerves, sweat glands, hair follicles, pigments
Lymphatic system
p 954-955
Figure 37.12, p 955
* major functions
* structure
* lymph nodes ... where are they concentrated? .... how do they work?
* interface with circulatory system
* role in immunity
* role in the spread of cancer
Immune system
Chapter 40-2
* non-specific immunity
* inflammatory response
* WBC’s (leucocytes)
* phagocytes ... phagocytosis ... macrophages
* antigens and antibodies
* specific immunity, immune response
* B cells
* T cells ... helper T’s, killer T’s, suppressor T’s
* Memory cells
* Blood cell markers (antigens)
* role of immune system in allergic reactions
* Auto immune diseases ... rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, type 1 diabetes
* How does HIV attack the immune system?
Circulatory System (cardiovascular) Chapter 37-1, 37-2
** three main functions (transport, thermoregulation, immunity)
** components of blood and their functions (RBC’s, WBC’c, platelets, plasma)
* vessel types ... veins, arteries, capillaries
* blood types ... inheritance; antigen/antibodies; transfusion compatibility
** blood flow ... through the heart/lungs; major veins and arteries
* hemoglobin ... anemia ... iron
* cardiovascular disease
* blood pressure
Respiratory System
Chapter 37-3
** components (airways; pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli)
* inhalation/exhalation ... muscles involved (diaphragm, rib muscles)
* gas exchange ... alveoli / capillary interface
* respiratory conditions/diseases ... asthma, emphysema, lung cancer
Urinary (Excretory) System
Chapter 38-3
* role of the kidneys in homeostasis
* components (kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra)
* three major functions
* kidney structure and functions ... capillary interface Figure 38.17, p 986
* process of urine production
* nephrons
Nervous System
Chapter 35-2; 35-3
* neurons ... the nerve cell ... read all about it
* synapse ... neurotransmitters
* Central nervous system ... brain and spinal chord
* Peripheral nervous system ... sensory, motor, autonomic ... sympathetic
* Brain (CPU) .... brain stem, hypothalamus, cerebellum, cerebrum
* Sensory receptors Chapter 35-4
* Nerve transmission ... action potentials, resting potentials, Na+/K+ pump
Reproductive System
Chapter 39-3
* male and female anatomy
* ovarian and menstrual cycles
* fertilization ... implantation
* role of hormones
* development of embryo and fetus
Figure 39.17, p 1014
Skeletal System
Chapter 36-1
* structure of bone ... osteocytes
* function of bone (support, joint types, marrow, etc...)
* major bones of the human body
Muscular System
Chapter 36-2
* three types of muscle
* how skeletal muscle contracts (sarcomeres, role of Ca++, nerve/muscle connection)
* paired muscle concept