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Transcript
FRONT Unit 7: Genetics Qualifier Part I: Matching: place correct letter on the line that best corresponds to the given statement 1. _____ dominant 2. _____ recessive 3. _____ genotype 4. _____ phenotype 5. _____ heterozygous 6. _____ homozygous 7. _____ incomplete dominance 8. _____ co-dominance 9. _____ sex linked traits 10. _____ polygenic traits a. a situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another, a blending of traits b. a trait controlled by many genes, creates a typical bell curve in a population c. a term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait d. the physical characteristics of an organism, the traits expressed e. the genetic makeup of an organism, the set of letters that represent an organism's genes f. when one allele over powers another allele, this allele is always expressed if one is present g. a term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait h. a situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism; e.g., blood type; patchy or spotted traits i. traits whose genes are located on a sex chromosome j. when one allele hides under another, this allele is only expressed if there are two copies present Part II: Multiple Choice: circle the choice which best answers or statement 11. Which statement best describes the relationship between DNA and chromosomes? a. b. c. d. DNA is made of chromosomes Chromosomes are made of DNA Chromosomes are made of nucleotides, DNA is not. DNA is made of nucleotides, chromosomes are not. 12. Why do most sexually reproducing organisms have a pair of chromosomes? a. b. c. d. one set comes from the father and one set comes from the mother two sets come from the mother two sets come from the father one set is replicated from the other 13. What are sex chromosomes? a. b. c. d. a pair of autosomes that determine the organism’s sex a pair of chromosomes that determine the organism’s sex a pair of genes that that determine the organism’s sex 22 pairs of chromosomes that determine the organism’s sex 1 Name: _____________________ Period: _____ 14. What does a karyotype do for genetic counselors? a. b. c. d. It allows them to do crossing over. It allows them to discover chromosome disorders. It allows them to genetically engineer the organism. It allows them to fertilize an egg cell. 15. Which example below shows that environment helps determine an organism’s phenotype? a. b. c. d. an individual’s blood type whether a person has attached ear lobes or not whether a person has a genetic disorder or not long exposure to sun will darken a person’s skin color 16. How do you determine an unknown genotype? a. b. c. d. test cross genotype cross hybrid cross polygenic cross 17. Which of the following is not a polygenic trait? a. b. c. d. skin color height intelligence hitch hiker’s thumb Part III: Analysis Multiple Choice: circle the choice which best answers or statement Show all work when necessary (I.e. Punnett Squares) 18. If long hair (L) is dominant to short hair (l), then to determine the genotype of a long hair animal, you should test cross it with an animal who is a. b. c. d. LL ll Ll None of these Use this information to answer question 19 & 20. - A watermelon plant that is homozygous dominant for red fruit (F) is crossed with a watermelon plant that is homozygous recessive for yellow fruit (f). All red fruit offspring are produced. If these red fruit offspring are crossed with each other… 19. What is the probability of these offspring producing red fruit? a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100% 20. What is the probability of these offspring producing yellow fruit? a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100% 2 BACK Qualifier Use the following information to answer question 21 & 22 - Some flowers show incomplete dominance. BB = blue and RR = red 21. Which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of one purple and one red flower? a. b. c. d. 2 red : 2 purple : 0 blue 0 red : 4 purple : 0 blue 0 RR : 2 RB : 2 BB 4 red : 0 spotted : 0 blue 22. Which genotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of one blue and one purple flower? a. b. c. d. 1 RR : 2 RB : 1 BB 0 RR : 4 RB : 0 BB 2 red : 2 purple : 0 blue 0 RR : 2 RB : 2 BB 23. John is a color blind male. Color blindness is a recessive sex-linked trait. He married a female that is not color blind. They have two baby girls. One of their daughters is color blind the other is not. What is the best explanation for this? a. b. c. d. John’s wife is a carrier for color blindness. John’s wife is homozygous for color blindness. John’s wife is homozygous for normal vision. John is homozygous for color blindness. 24. Susan, a mother with type B blood has a child with type O. She claims that Craig, who has type A blood, is the father. A A Further blood tests ordered by the judge reveal that Craig’s genotype is I I . The judge should rule that… a. b. c. d. Susan is right and Craig must pay child support. Craig is right and doesn’t have to pay support. Susan cannot be the real mother. It is impossible to make a decision. 25. Some cats exhibit a co-dominant trait. They can have brown spots, black spots, or both black and brown spots. What type of offspring would result if a brown spotted cat mated with a black and brown spotted cat? a. b. c. d. 100% black spots 100% black and brown spots 50% black spots and 50% brown spots 50% brown spots and 50% black and brown spots 26. Looking at Karyotype 1, how would you classify the individual? a. b. c. d. male, normal male, Down Syndrome female, normal female, Down Syndrome Karyotype 1 3 Name: _____________________ Period: _____ Use Pedigree 1 to answer questions 27 & 28. 27. Which statement below is correct about Pedigree 1? a. The trait is dominant. b. The trait is recessive. c. The trait could be dominant and recessive. d. None of these statements is correct. 28. Which of the following is correct about Carla’s parents? a. Ann = aa, Michael = aa b. Ann = AA, Michael = aa c. Ann = Aa, Michael = Aa d. Ann = aa, Michael = Aa Pedigree 1 Use Pedigree 2 for questions 29 & 30. - The trait in this pedigree is a recessive sex linked trait. 29. What is the genotype of person number 2? a a a. X X a b. X X a c. X Y d. X Y 30. Which female is a carrier? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Pedigree 2 4