Download Evolution Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best

Evolution
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Natural selection can best be defined as the _____.
a. survival of the biggest and strongest organisms in a population
b. elimination of the smallest organisms by the biggest organisms
c. survival and reproduction of the organisms that occupy the largest area
d. survival and reproduction of the organisms that are genetically best adapted to the
environment
2. Related organisms share
a. similar anatomy
c. genes
b. a common ancestor
d. all of these
3. The observation that most species overpopulate their environment
a. is a critical force for driving evolution
d. leads to competition for available
resources
b. is due to an overabundance of food
e. a and d only
c. indicates variation within the species
4. A force driving natural selection would be
a. the environment
d. all of these
b. parents passing genes on to offspring
e. a and c
c. genetic variation
5. Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of birds with similar body shape and size. However, they vary greatly in
color and beak shape. Each species occupies its own niche and is adapted to the foods available in its niche.
The evolution from a common ancestor to a variety of species is an example of _____.
a. divergent evolution
c. vegetative propagation
b. cross-pollination
d. convergent evolution
6. Within a decade of the introduction of a new insecticide, nearly all of the descendants of the target pests were
immune to the usual-sized dose. The most likely explanation for this immunity to the insecticide is that
_____.
a. eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become resistant to it
b. eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become less resistant to it
c. it destroyed organisms that cause disease in the insects, thus allowing them to live longer
d. the pests developed physiological adaptations to the insecticide
7. An important step that lead to development of life as we know it was the creation of an atmosphere enriched
in
a. sulfur dioxide
c. carbon dioxide
b. oxygen
d. hydrogen sulfide
8. Darwin said: ‘only the fittest survive’.
a. True
b. False
9. Fitness can best be measured as the ability to produce reproductively viable offspring in a particular
environment.
a. True
b. False
10. An example for evolutionary pressures might be illustrated by study of a predator-prey relationship.
a. True
b. False
11. Natural selection can best be defined as the _____.
a. survival of the biggest and strongest organisms in a population
b. elimination of the smallest organisms by the biggest organisms
c. survival and reproduction of the organisms that occupy the largest area
d. survival and reproduction of the organisms that are genetically best adapted to the
environment
____ 12. Evolutionary processes
a. seldom compromise
c. always involve considerable time periods
b. sometimes may represent a compromise of d. generally do affect humans
qualities
____ 13. In stabilizing selection
a. the ‘average’ is favored
c. the phenotype of individuals becomes
increasingly dissimilar
b. a population may eventually be split into d. shorter individuals always win out
two radically different morphological
types
____ 14. The outward appearance of an organism for a given characteristic is called its __________.
a. nature
c. quality
b. phenotype
d. ecotype
____ 15. The basic informational units of DNA are called
a. traits
c. phenotypes
b. genes
d. loci
____ 16. _________________ is the differential success of individuals in a population in response to factors as
environmental conditions and interactions with others of the same or different species.
a. function
c. natural selection
b. differentiation
d. adaptive radiation
____ 17. The alternate forms of a gene are called
a. loci
c. alleles
b. chromosomes
d. genomes
____ 18. A form of natural selection which favors the extremes forms in a population but selects against the ‘average’
would be
a. disruptive selection
c. genetic equilibrium
b. genetic drift
d. stabilizing selection
____ 19. Disruptive selection may tend to decrease frequency of alleles coding for the ‘average’ form in a population.
a. True
b. False
____ 20. In a common garden experiment many species collected from different environments are evaluated in a single
site where their interactions may be assessed.
a. True
b. False
____ 21. The primary, ‘original source’ of genetic variation in a population is ____________
a. genetic drift
c. stabilizing selection
b. cloning
d. mutation
____ 22. In a population of birds with a continuous range of beaks from large to small those with larger beaks seem to
have a higher level of reproductive success. This population is under
a. disruptive selection
c. directional selection
b. artificial selection
d. blending inheritance
____ 23. Size of beaks of individual adult finches in the Galapagos Islands
a. was found to change during their lifetime. c. has nothing to do with overall population
characteristics
b. will always match the beak size most
d. will greatly influence individual survival.
useful for seed foraging.
____ 24. Some cosmopolitan species (species found over a broad geographic region) show a distinct gradient in
phenotype for certain characteristics. This gradient is referred to as a _________
a. cline
c. subspecies
b. ecotype
d. none of these
____ 25. A population that is adapted to its unique local environmental conditions is called a(n)
a. clonal population
c. geographic isolate
b. subspecies
d. ecotype
Matching
Genetics matching - may be used more than once or not at all
a. diploid
f. phenotype
b. codominant
g. DNA
c. genotype
h. allele
d. directional selection
i. minisatellite
e. codon
j. I don’t know!
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26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
meaning two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent in sexually reproducing organisms
the genetic makeup with respect to a particular trait
the expression with respect to a particular trait
ploidy level of most animals
a form of inheritance in which both neither allele is expressed fully; the phenotype is intermediate between
that of each homozygous form
____ 31. a form of selection (usually natural selection) in which only one extreme phenotype is favored
____ 32. the stuff of the genetic code
____ 33. a variant form of a gene