Download Evolution: Review Guide

Evolution: Review Guide
A large portion of this test will be true/false and multiple choice. There will be an essay
question section. Review selected essays for some ideas on what the essay question may be.
Readings
Chapter 17 20. Chapter 32 (Human Evolution)
”Contrivances: A Panda’s Thumb”
”How Females Choose Their Mates”
A Big Fat Word List
Adaptation
Peppered Moths
Archaeopteryx
Analogous Structures
Competition
Ambulocetus
Artificial Selection
Symbiosis
“Good Genes” hypothesis
Coevolution
Predation
Handicap Principle
Convergent Evolution
Kin Selection
Primate
Evolution
Extinction
Binocular Vision
Creationism
Speciation
Grasping hands
Fossil
Allopatric Speciation
Hominid
Homologous Structures
Sympatric Speciation
Australopithecus
Acquired Characteristics
Geographical Isolation
Homo habilis
Natural Selection
Premating Isolating
Mechanism
Homo erectus
Population
Homo sapiens
Species
Postmating Isolation
Mechanism
Neanderthal
Vestigial Structures
Courtship rituals
Cro-Magnon
Common Ancestor
Phyletic Speciation
“Out of Africa” Hypothesis
Scala Naturae
Divergent Speciation
Multiregional Hypothesis
Charles Darwin
Morphology
Lucy
Galapagos Islands
Gradualism
Panda’s Thumb
Finches
Punctuated Equilibrium
Phylogeny
Gene Pool
Temporal Isolation
Paleontology
Population Genetics
Spontaneous Generation
“The Origin of Species”
Mutation
Precambrian Explosion
Equilibrium Population
Era/Period
Genetic Drift
Prebiotic evolution
Population Bottleneck
Louis Pasteur
Founder Effect
Stanley Miller Apparatus
Sexual Selection
Prokaryote
Directional Selection
Eukaryote
Stabilizing Selection
Endosymbiotic Hypothesis
Disruptive Selection
Lobe-finned fish
Food for Thought
1. Describe the history of evoluationary thought, from Aristotle's "Scala Naturae" to
Lamarke to Darwin & Wallace's Theory.
2. What observations did Darwin make that lead him to the Theory of Evolution by Natural
Selection?
3. Distinguish between homologous structures, analogous structures and vestigial
structures.
4. Give examples of observed evolution.
5. What evidence supports the Theory of Evolution?
6. Why is creationism not considered to be a scientific theory?
7. Why do small populations tend to evolve faster than larger populations (see genetic
drift)?
8. Distinguish between directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection.
9. What criteria would need to be met in order for a population to NOT evolve?
10. What are transitional fossils? Give examples.
11. How does sexual selection and predation affect guppy coloration?
12. What is the difference between evolution and speciation?
13. How was spontaneous generation disproven?
14. Desribe several ways (types of selection) populations can be influenced to change.
15. Compare allopatric to sympatric speciation
16. Define species. How do we know when organisms are in the same species?
17. What can cause one species to evolve into two different species. (divergent speciation)
18. What can cause one species to accumulate so many changes that new populations are
distinct from older populations. (phyletic speciation)
19. Create a timeline showing the hominid fossils and populations.
20. Describe each group of hominids. How do we know what we know about them.
21. What hypotheses explain why female guppies (or females of any species) to choose
flashy mates.
22. What prevents interbreeding between individuals of different species?
23. Compare gradualism to punctuated equilibrium. Which is most likely the correct model?
24. How do fossils show evidence of evolution.
25. What is the "Out of Africa" hypothesis?
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words
-each picture below represents some aspect or concept of evolution.