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Transcript
Ecology Refresher This packet will quickly go over some of the basic topics in chapters 4, 5 and 8 in your textbook. The remaining topics will be covered during other class time. There are five levels of organization in Ecology. They are in order from largest to smallest: Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism (BECPO). Biosphere Biosphere Land ecosystems are classified as . . . . Aquatic ecosystems are classified as . . . . Ecosystem Ecotone Ecosy stem Land zone Transition zone Number of species Species in land zone Species in aquatic Specieszone in transition zone only Important abiotic factors include . . . Range of tolerance Aquatic zone Biotic components of an Ecosystem _____ converts solar energy to chemical energy A. secondary consumers _____ recycle organic matter in ecosystems B. producers _____ feed on dead organisms C. herbivores _____ feed on other consumers D. decomposers _____ autotrophs E. tertiary consumers _____ produces energy using food and oxygen F. photosynthesis _____ primary consumers G. consumers _____ produces energy only using food H. carnivores _____ makes food without using sunlight I. omnivores _____ feed on primary consumers J. aerobic respiration _____ heterotrophs K. detritus feeders _____ eat plants and animals L. scavengers _____ take nutrients from partly decomposed matter M. chemosynthesis _____ consume secondary consumers N. anaerobic respiration Thoroughly review food chains, food webs, ecological efficiency, energy pyramids, biomass pyramids, and number pyramids. (Chapter 4-4) Gross primary productivity (GPP) Where is it high? Where is it low? Net primary productivity (NPP) NPP = GPP - ____________ Where is it high? Where is it low? What area produces most of the Earth’s NPP? Why? Community Community Population Population An organism is any form of life. Is the organism in the picture eukaryotic or prokaryotic? Explain. Organism Organisms that are alike in genetic makeup and can together produce fertile offspring are classified as a species. Niche Fundamental niche Realized niche Generalist species Specialist species Native species Nonnative species What are other names for a nonnative species? Indicator species Why are frogs a good indicator species? Why are trout a good indicator species? Identify the three types of symbiosis and describe two complete examples for each one. * * *